This ppt includes Health equity which is related to the fairness in distribution of health resources and outcomes. Also contains Graphs for water sanitation, Relationship between healthcare spending and life expectancy , Effectiveness of water and sanitation in preventing disease

1. Reducing health
inequalities, water food
and sanitation
Mahima Girase
New Vision University
Gerogia

2. Basics of Health Inequality
 Health equity relates to the fairness in distribution of health resources and
outcomes.
 “Differences in health status or in the distribution of health determinants
between different population groups’’ – WHO.
 Absolute and relative health inequalities;
 One of the most significant efforts to counter health inequalities was the
‘Health for All’ (HFA) programme of the WHO.
 Improving health inequalities by addressing social determinants:
1. improve daily living conditions:
 Promote equity from conception Child development;
 Create healthy places for people;
 Social protection throughout the full life cycle.
 Ensure Universal healthcare

3. Health Inequality
2. Tackle inequality in the distribution of resources and power:
 Health equity in policies and programmes;
 Fair financing;
 Market regulation;
 Gender equity.
3. Understand and measure the extent of health inequity and take action
 The social determinants of health: monitoring, research, and training;
National health insurance and universal coverage:
indicate the two essential components: 1) universal access to services at health
facilities. 2) elimination of financial barriers to care.
right to health and the right to social security,
shouls extended to the rights to life and freedom

4. Relationship between healthcare spending and life
expectancy

5. water and sanitation
 Safe drinking water and sanitary waste disposal are among the most fundamental
of public health interventions.
 748 million people lack improved access to water supplies; hundreds of millions
more rely on water that is unsafe for drinking;
 2.5 billion people—40 per cent of the world’s population—lack access to
improved sanitation, more than 1 billion of those still practice open defecation.
 Sanitation

7. Effectiveness of water and sanitation in preventing disease
The review covers 94 studies, though only 5 were randomized controlled trials.
Use of treated water was associated with lower odds of infection from any soil
transmitted helminth.

8. Economic Benefits of safe water, sanitation
Global return per dollar invested was $5.50 for sanitation, $2.0 for water supply,
and $4.30 for combined sanitation and water supply.
Saves medical costs over -US$ 35 billion per year for sanitation and US$ 17.5
billion for drinking-water.
Other Benefits for safe water and sanitation:
 Better childhood
 Improved school attendance;
 HIV/AIDS
 Systems approach to understanding enteric pathogen transmission

9. Thanks for your
attention !