2. CONTENTS
• What is hadith?
• Importance of hadith.
• Components of hadith.
• Need for authentication of hadith.
• Fann-e-Daraayat.
• Fann-e-Riwaayat.
• Screening for authentification.
• Types of ahadith according to chain of narrators.
• Types of ahadith according to number of narrators.
• Types of ahadith according to qualities of narrators.
• Narrators of ahadith.
• Collection of ahadith books.
3. • Narrative describing words, actions and approval
of Prophet (PBUH)
• EXAMPLE:
“God does not judge you according to your bodies
and appearances, but He looks into your hearts
and observes your deeds.”
(MUSLIM)
4. In Holy Quran, Allay says:
“And whatsoever the messenger gives you, take
it, and whatsoever forbids you, abstain from
that.
And fear Allah, surely, Allah is Severe in
Retribution.
( Surah Al-Hashar Verse 8)
This verse clearly highlights the importance of
Hadith.
5. • Consists of 2 parts.
a) Matn ( Original text of the teaching )
b) Isnad ( Chain of narrators )
6.
7.
8. EXAMPLE:
Al-Humaydi’ Abdullah Ibn al Zubayr said:
Sufyan related to us saying:
Yahya Ibn Sá’id al-Ansari said:
Muhammad Ibn Ibrahim al-Taymi told
me that he heard,
Alqama Ibn Waqqas al-Kaythi saying:
I heard Hazrat Umar Ibn Khattab say:
I heard the Holy Prophet of Allah say:
9. “Actions are judged by intensions, and every
person will get the reward according to what
he has intended, So whoever emigrates for
worldly benefits or for a woman to marry,
His emigration will be for what he has emigrated
for.”
• Hadith is Matn.
• Isnad consists of 6 names.
10. • Ahadith were invaded by many fabricators.
• Scholars formulated methods to check the
authenticity of ahadith.
• Criterias were developed for evaluation of Matn
and Isnad.
1) Fann-e-Daraayat
2) Fann-e-Riwaayat
11. • Internal test.
• Puts the objective of hadith under trial.
• Determines whether the subject is
acceptable or not.
12. The text of ahadith should be according to the
set standard for the evaluation of ahadith.
• Should nor prescribe heavy punishment for
minor sins.
• Should not prescribe large awards for small
virtues.
• Should not be contrary to basic teachings o
Holy Quran.
13. • Text should not be contrary to other ahadith.
• Should be according to basic logic and
known principles of human society.
• Should be consistent with historical facts.
• Should not be derogatory to Prophet (PBUH),
his family members or companions.
• Should not be by an obscure narrator who
was not known during the age of Sahabah
or Tabi’een.
• Should not be praising an individual,
a definite location or tribe.
14. • Text should not be giving precise details
of events that took place after the Holy
Prophet’s time.
• Shold be the original narration of the
Prophet (PBUH).
16. • Undisputed character of narrator
(RAWI) is the most important
consideration for the acceptance of
hadith.
17. • Name, title, parentage and occupation
of narrator should be known.
• Narrator should be a pious and virtous
person.
• Should not have been accused of having
lied, given false evidence or committed
a crime.
• Should not have spoken against other
reliable people.
• Religious beliefs and practices of narrator
should have been known to be correct.
18. • Narrator should be mentally and physically
capable to understand and remember the
hadith.
• Successive narrators should have been lived
in the same period.
19. • Out of 70 traditionists, Malik bin Anas chose
a few to listen to.
• He used to drop the whole hadith if he doubted
a part of it.
• Yahya bin Sa’id used to accept only those
ahadith which were supported by 30
independent chain of narrators.
20. • Masruq used to travel for learning ahadith.
• He got the nickname of ABU-AL-SAFAR
(Father of Journeys)
• Early hadith scholars took hadith from
numerous trustworthy masters.
they wanted to gather whatever the narrator
had, then to compare and crosscheck the text
for aunthentification.
• Abu Ishaq learnt ahadith from 400 teachers.
23. EXAMPLE:
Imam Bukhari reported from Al-Humaidi Abdullah
Ibn Zubair who reported from Sufyan who
reported From Yahya Ibn Sa’id al Ansari who
reported From Muhammad Ibn Ibrahim al Taymi
who Reported from Alqama Ibn Waqqa al Laythi
who said: I heard Umar Ibn Al Khattab saying
while on a pulpit, “I heard Prophet saying:
the reward of deeds depends un the intentions,
and every person will get the reward according
to what he has intended, so whoever emigrated
for worldy benefits or for a woman to marry his
emigration was for that he intended.
24. 2. MUTTASIL HADITH
• Continuous hadith.
• Goes back only to a companion or successor.
29. 1. MUTAWATIR HADITH
• Consecutive hadith
• Reported by large number of people
• EXAMPLE:
“Whoever invents a lie and attributes it to me
intentionally, let him prepare his seat in
fire.”
This hadith is narrated by 62 narrators.
30. AHAD HADITH
• Narrated by people whose number does not
reach that of Mutawatir.
• May be one, two or more than two.
• EXAMPLE
“We are last but will be the foremost on the
day of Resurrection.”
This hadith is reported by 2 people.
31. • Hazrat Abu Bakar (RA), Prophet’s (PBUH)
close companion.
• Reported that Muslims kissed their
thumbs on hearing Prophet’s (PBUH)
name in Adhaan.
• Report was rejected because it was not
mentioned by any other companion.
• Muhadithin did not want to take any risk.
• Hadith from a single authority was
rejected.
32.
33. 1. SAHIH HADITH
• Sound and authentic hadith.
• Narrated by many pious, truthful narrators
with good memory.
34.
35. Qutaiba narrates on the authority of
Jafar bin Suleman Az Zabal, he on the authority
of Abi Bakkar bin Abi Musa his father
Al-Asha’ri who says that he heard Prophet (PBUH)
saying:
“Jannat is under the shadow of swords.”
In this hadith, all the narrators are excellent
except Jafar bin Suleman Az Zabbal who is
thought to have defective memory so this hadith
has the status of Hasan hadith.
36. 3. DA’IF HADITH
• Weak hadith.
• Piety and memory of narrator is questioned.
• EXAMPLE
• “Whoever mistreats a dhimmi will be Allah’s
opponent.”
• ORIGINAL
“Whoever kills a dhimmi for no lawful reason
will not smell the fragrance of Paradise.”
37. 4. FABRICATED HADITH
• Matn is against the norms of Prophet’s (PBUH)
• sayings.
• One or more reporters are liars.
38. • EXAMPLE
“Thinking for an hour is better than worshipping
for 60 years.”
• ORIGINAL
“Standing for an hour in the ranks of battle is
better than standing in prayer for 60 years.”
39. • Hazrat Abu Huraira (RA) (5300 ahadith)
• Hazrat Abdullah Bin Omer (RA)
(2600 ahadith)
• Hazrat Ayesha (RA) (2200 ahadith)
• Hazrat Abdullah Bin Masood (RA)
(848 ahadith)
• Hazrat Ali (RA) (586 Aahadith)
• Hazrat Umer (RA) (537 ahadith)
• Hazrat Abu Bakar (RA) (132 ahadith)
40. • Sahih Bukhari (2602 ahadith)
• Sahih Muslim (2200 ahadith)
• Sunan Abu Dawud (5724 ahadith with
repetitions)
• Sunan Nasai (5700 ahadith with
repetitions)
• Sunan Tirmidhi (3956 ahadith)
• Sunan Ibn Majah (4341 ahadith)
• Mota Imam Malik (1720 ahadith)
