2. What is energy?
Creatine phosphate and ATP uses energy and includes anaerobic
respiration, aerobic respiration. Energy is required to have the
sustained strength and mentality in any physical activity. It also
maintains body temperature and helps muscle growth and muscles
contraction. This related to sports performance because energy is
stored to be able to carry out specific movements.
https://btecsporthsfc.wordpress.com/energy-balance/
3. Where do we get energy from?
Starchy and other forms of carbohydrate provide a source of energy for your body to
perform at its best, no matter what your sport or activity. This is where we mainly get our
energy from.
In general, the more you exercise, the more carbohydrate you need to include in your daily
meals and around exercise.
Balanced diet is important for energy as it adds vitality to your diet
This energy is used for mainly 5 reasons:
• Muscular Contraction and Movement
• Circulation
• Transmissions of Nerve Impulses
• Digestion of Foods
• Repairing and Replacing Tissues
https://www.nhs.uk/Livewell/Goodfood/Pages/Sport.aspx
4. ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
• Anaerobic A-Lactic (ATP) Energy System - adenosine triphosphate and
Phosphocreatine, which is stored in muscle cells, contains a high
energy bond. When creatine phosphate is broken down during
muscular contraction, a large amount of energy is released. These
two substances work together to complete the ATP-CP system.
5. The energy systems
The ATP-CP Energy System
Anaerobic Lactic (Glycolytic) Energy System
Aerobic Energy System
During physical activity, this is the order of the energy systems (top to
bottom)
6. ATP-PC System
• The ATP-PC system consists of adenosine triphosphate and phosphocreatine. This energy system
provides energy through the breakdown of stored high energy phosphates.
• When creatine phosphate is broken down during muscular contraction, a large amount of energy
is released. The energy released is coupled with the energy requirement to resynthesize ATP.
• 38 ATP molecules can be made within the energy system during the first 15 seconds of short,
intense physical activity. There are 2 from gylcosis, 2 from the Krebs Cycle and 34 from electron
transport system.
• Athletes that use power in a short burst such as 100m sprinters, shotput, discuss and javelin
throwers as all these sports require quick movement and muscle contractions
• Takes at least 3 minutes of rest for muscles to recover the maximum amount possible of ATP and
creatine phosphate. After at least 3 minutes have ended, your ATP-PC system will be ready for
explosive movements again or depending on what type of physical activity you do such as
swimming or marathon running. The lactic acid system or the aerobic system will take over
producing energy.
boxlifemagazine.com/how-much-time-should-you-take-between-sets-understanding-atp/
7. Lactic Acid System
• Anaerobic glycolysis is only an effective means of energy production during short,
intense periods of exercise, providing energy for a period ranging from 10 seconds to 2
minutes. The anaerobic glycolysis (lactic acid) system is active from about 10–30 seconds
during a maximal effort.
• Relies on anaerobic glycolysis for its production of ATP. Glycolysis is the breakdown of
glucose to produce ATP. Then this is turned into lactic acid as it produces ATP.
• This system is efficient at producing ATP at a fast rate, this can produce a lot of ATP.
• Athletes such as swimmers predominately use this system as this is due to the large
intake of lactic acid and the adaptations of aerobic metabolism. Aerobic metabolism is
the way your body create energy through carbohydrates, amino acids and fats. At one
ends up with an inefficient training of both the aerobic energy systems as well as the
anaerobic systems. So the lactic acid system is perfect for this sport.
• The lactic acid system lasts between 30 seconds and 3 minutes depending on the
intensity of the sport. Sports such as cycling and swimming can vary.
8. Aerobic Energy System
• The aerobic system produces far more ATP than either of the
other energy systems but it produces the ATP much more slowly.
• 2 ATP are used to fuel glycolysis and 4 are created so the body gains
2 ATP to use for muscular contraction. Pyruvate (another form of
glucose) is created as the end product of the breakdown of glucose.
The glucose is broken down by enzymes.
• The aerobic energy system is used predominantly in marathon
running. Aerobically the body can create energy through the use of
glucose and fats in the presence of oxygen for long distance running.
• This can usually last a long amount of time as it produces ATP at a
slow rate and there is a lot to be used.
9. 100 metre race
My graph shows that at the start of the race that the sprinter uses ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and CP system
through the race. There is an immediate energy system which uses ATP-CP. The immediate energy system is not
used for the whole race so this switches over to the short term energy system to help keep up the speed during a
race. At the end of the race, more lactic acid builds ups which causes the athlete to slow down.
10. 1500 metre race
• In the first 100m, the immediate energy system is used to gain an optimal position 100m and onwards the pace
slows down a lot more but maintains a steady speed.
• This uses the short-term energy system and long term energy system.
• In the last 400m of the race, the pace is picked up and ATP is recovered as the immediate energy system is stored.
But in this part, the short term energy system is used again.
• In the final 100m, the immediate energy system is used to go flat out all the way to the finish line.
