2. What is energy and ATP
• Energy is a property objects which can be transferred to other objects
or converted into different forms (Wikipedia 2016). The “ability of a
system to perform work” is a common description, but is misleading
because energy is not necessarily available to do work ( Wikipedia
2016)
• ATP is a high energy compound made up of one adenosine molecule
attached to three bound together by high energy bonds.
3. Thermodynamics
Light from the
sun shines on
the earth
making the
grass grow
Heat energy
Plants contain
a lot of
chemical
carbohydrate
energy
Chemical
energy
(carbohydrate energy
protein)
ATP (adenosine
triphosphate) kinetic
energy (moving)
The first law of thermodynamic energy is neither
created nor destroyed just changed
5. Phosphocreatine
The amount of ATP
produced
Creatine phosphate is stored
in the muscles and is broken
down to make ATP. ATP is
often made without
oxygen(anaerobic) and is
made very fast with
maximum intensity, however
this is in short periods of
time.
Sport that use this energy system
ATP is used in the first 3-15 second of a
sport therefor it could be used in tennis,
badminton sports, and at the start of a
sprint ,it can be produced at any
intensity. However if it last longer than 3-
15 seconds the body has to rely on the
other energy systems to produce the ATP.
Recovery time:
The recovery time for the phosphocreatine energy
system is very short only being 3 minutes and this is
because it is used for high intensity sports meaning
the recovery rate is shorter.
6. Lactic acid system
The amount of ATP produced
this system helps with high
intensity energy over a longer
period of time. ATP is produced
by glucose and glycogen but its
done without oxygen. The ATP
causes lactic acid to be
produced.
Sports that use this system
The sports that would used
is a 400m race as the lactic
acid system can last
between 60-90 seconds it
would also be used after
the start of a marathon
when your trying to get
into position.
Recovery time: the recovery time
for the lactic acid system is 1 hr
this is because more energy is
need when using this energy
system as it lasts longer
7. Aerobic energy system
The amount of ATP produced:
This is a long term energy system,
but there has to be oxygen
available, glycogen and fatty acids
break down to produce large
amount of ATP. This then provides
long continuous exercise
Sports that use this
system:
This energy system
would be used in a
marathon but after
you’ve got into
position(using the lactic
acid system) it would be
used when you a running
at a steady pass
continuouslyRecovery time: the recovery
time for this system is 24 hours,
however this system uses a lot
more energy over long period
of time causing fatigue
8.
9. • Above is a graph showing the changes in velocity for the 100 metre runner, at the start Carl has
dramatic acceleration (the line is steep) at 20-30 meters the line starts to flatten off because Carl
is at a constant speed (speed endurance). At the end there is a dip as Carl is slowing down.
• At the start of the 100 metre race is the ATP stored in are muscles, then we use the phocreatine
system then in the next 8 seconds its gone, so then it transfers to the lactic acid system which
finishes you off but, it can’t generate as much energy as the other systems which is why there is a
dip at the end.
• In a 1500 metre race the first 100 metres is quick and optimal position is gained which comes
from the ATP and phocreatine phosphate system as it immediate. On the first bend you start to
use the lactic acid system is comes in because it take a while for the anaerobic system to kick in.
After this (lap2,3,4) you use the aerobic system as the pace slows but its maintained and oxygen
can get through to the blood. In the final 400 meters the pace starts to pick up so you begin to
use the lactic acid system again. Then as the runner get to the end (last 100 metres) you use the
ATP and the phocreatine system because its recovered
