This presentation is all about Induced breeding of fishes.

1. • Induced Breeding
Technique of Catla
Project work by ARIFA KHATUN
-
ALIAH UNIVERSITY

2. Content :-
 Introduction
 History of induced breeding
 Why we choose catla
 Why induced breeding is essential
 Material required
 Main agent and its function
 Induced breeding technique
 Advantage of induced breeding
 Disadvantage of induced breeding

3. Introduction :-
The economically important fish are
induced to breed in captive condition by
stimulating them with pituitary extract
and this artificial technique is known as
Induced breeding.
History of induced breeding :- Fig:egg release
• In India first attempt to induced breeding was made by
Hamid khan in 1937 on Mrigala.
• Dr.Hiralal Choudhary applied this technique in Minor
carp in 1955.
• Choudhary and Alkunhi on major carp in 1957.

4. Why we choose catla :-
 The catla are fastest growing Indian major carp.
 Grows 1-1.5 kg/year .
 They are induced by pituitary hormone or
Ovaprim which are easily available in the
market .
 They breed in May –September .
 It is surface feeder which feed on small
Fig: catla fish.
insect ,rotifers .so they grow very fast.

5. Why induced breeding is essential :-
Fish is a source of nutritious food.it is reach in
protein,vitamin,fatty acids and omega -3. It helps to
prevent heart disease and cardiovascular disease.an
estimation said that annually 8.5 million tons fish
are required but 1-7 million tons fish are produced
annually.
It Means naturally breeding fish can’t full fill
the demand so, induced breeding is essential

6. Material required :-
Brood fish , pituitary extract,
forceps,tweezers,absolute alcohol ,
acetone,blotting paper, distilled
water,centrifuge tube,centrifuge
machine,glycerin,breeding hapa,
hatching hapa, bamboo,mosquito
net,hypodermic syringe etc.
Fig:Hypodermic syringe.
Main agent and its
function :-
 Pituitary hormone is main agent for induced breeding
 Pituitary release two main type horme FSH and LH.

7.  FSH stimulates the maturation of ovarian follicle in female and
spermatogenesis in testis of male.
 On the other hand LH stimulates the production of
testosterone in male and lutenization in
feemale . Fig:pituitary gland
 In case of fish FSH referred as GTH-1 and LH referred
as GTH-2.
 The function of GTH-1 is same as FSH . And the
function of GTH-2 same as LH.

8. Environme
ntalstimuli
Receptor(ex
ternal sense
organ)
CNS
Hypothalam
us
Gn RH
Pituitary
Blood
circulation
FSH & LH

9. Induced breeding technique (method):-
1. Removal of glands
2. Preservation of glands
3. Preparation of glands extracts
4. Preservation of the extract
5. Brooders selection
6. Injection to the brooders
7. spawning

10. Removal & preservation of the gland :
-
Fig: Pituitary Gland
Cut the
vertebral
part of brain
Insert the
forceps
Detached
anterior part
of the brain
Kept in
petridish
Remove fat
Preserved
the gland in
absolute
alcohol

11. Preparation of gland extract :-

12. Taken
known
amount of
pituitary
gland
Dried with
blotting
paper
Homogenize
d
Centrifuge
Get
supernatant
Preservati
on of this
extract
Water
3000
rpm

13. Fig : centrifuge tube Fig
: Centrifuge Machine

14. Brooders selection:-
• The brooder must be healthy
enough and ripe.
• 2-4 year of age is generally
selected.
• 1-5 kg body weight is preferable.
• The ratio of male and female is 1:1.
Fig: Brood fish in net.

15. Injection of the brooders :-
The pituitary extract is administered into the
body of breeders by hypodermic syringe in the
intramuscular region .
The dosage which are given to the breeders
are depend upon the size and
state maturity. Fig :Injection to the brood fish
Injection (mg/kg body weight)
1 2
Female 4-6
Ovulation 6 hours later

16. 2-3
Male
Spermation 6 hours later
Spawning :-
 After given the injection the breeders are
released into the breeding hapa.
 Breeding hapa is a box –shaped container .it is
made of fine meshed markin cloth or mosquito
net.
 Fixed in the pond with the help of 4 bamboo
pole.
Fig:Breeding hapa
 The fertilization take place in breeding hapa .

17. Fig:Fertilized & Underutilized egg

18. • After fertilization the egg are collected by
mug/plastic bucket .
• Then the egg are transfer to the hatching hapa .and
egg are hatched in this hapa .
Fig :Hatching hapa

19. • The hatching hapa contain 2 chamber - outer hapa and
inner hapa.
Advantages of induced breeding :-
 A high quality fish seed of a particular species can be produced.
 Gives pure spawn of certain species .
 It can full fill any quantity of demand in any time.
 We can cultivate mixed culture in a particular location with this
method.
 Less amount of eggs get damaged .
 This technique is very simple and the cost of expenditure is very
low.
The breeders can breed twice in a year.

20. Demerits of induced breeding :-
 During removal of pituitary gland if the gland is damage then the
process not proceed further.
 Genetically weak Fish are produce.
 Pituitary gland very costly in market.
 Large gap between the supply and demand of pituitary.
 Basic equipment‘s like chemical balance, centrifuge and refrigerator
normally not available in several farms.
References :-
 Google.
 NCBA by sarkar, kundu & chaki.

21.  Alikunhi,K.M.,M.A Vijalakshmanan and K.H.Ibrahim.1960 preliminary observation
on the spawning of Indian craps,induced by injection of pituitary hormones,Indian
J .Fish.7(1):1-19.
 Chauduri ,H and K.H.Alikunhi.1957 observations on the breeding of Indian craps by
hormone injection.curr.sci 26(12),381-382.
 Fontenele,O.”injecting pituitary (hypophyseal) hormones to fish to induce
spawning ’’.progr.Fish-cult.,17(1955):71-75.print.
 FAO(2014)The state of world fisheries and aquaculture.Food and Agriculture
organization,Rome,Italy.
 Atzj W,pickford GE(1959)The use of pituitary hormones in fish culture .Endeavour
18(71):125-129.
Thank you