2. • describe quantitative research;
• follow the steps in using quantitative
research;
• make the right decision as to type of
quantitative research that is applicable to
our field of study; and
• uncover the strengths and weaknesses of
quantitative research.
4. • Aliaga and Gunderson (2000)
described it as explaining
phenomena by collecting numerical
data that are analyzed using
mathematically – based methods
(particularly statistics).
5. •is essentially about collecting
numerical data to explain a
particular phenomenon.
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
6. •A more logical and data – led approach
which provides a measure of what
people think from a statistical and
numerical point of view.
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
7. •can gather a large amount of data
that can be easily organized,
analyzed and interpreted.
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
11. 5. Large sample size
(represents a population)
6. Replication (high reliability
— stable and consistent)
7. Future outcomes (new
concepts & further studies)
24. • If the population is small, universal
sampling is used while if it is large,
a sample of the population is used.
• People questioned are sampled
randomly.
25. • Researcher must be properly
guided by field service agents who
are authority on that area.
• When the respondents are minors,
approval of parents or guardian
must be secured.
29. General Instructions: We are
amazed in your interest in reading.
Please take a few minutes to
complete this survey. In general,
when you are presented with a scale
next to a question, please put an X
over the number that best
corresponds to your answer.
30. For example, if you strongly agreed
with the following question, you might
put an X through the number 5. If you
agreed moderately, you might put an X
through the number 4., if you neither
agreed nor disagreed, you might put
an X through number 3.
44. Read the following cases. Identify the
type of correlation that exist between
them.
1. A student who has incurred many
absences got low grades.
45. 2. Taller people have larger shoe
sizes and shorter people have
smaller shoe sizes.
3. The taller a basketball player is,
the more he weighs.
4. As one exercises more, his
body weight becomes less.
46. 5. As weather gets colder, air
conditioning costs decrease.
6. If a train increases speed, the
length of time to get to the final
point decreases.
7. The more time you spend
running on a treadmill, the more
calories you will burn.
47. 8. A person’s telephone number is
related to his IQ score.
9. If it is darker outside, more light
is needed inside.
10. If a chicken increases in age,
the amount of eggs it produces
decrease.
48. • determine the cause or
consequences of differences
that already exist between or
among groups of individuals.
CAUSAL - COMPARATIVE
RESEARCH
49. • is also known as “ex post facto”
research. (Latin for “ after the
fact)
CAUSAL - COMPARATIVE
RESEARCH
50. a) Female and male employees and
their job satisfaction
b) Gender causes on differences in
abilities
Examples
51. • uses the scientific method to
establish the cause-effect
relationship among a group of
variables
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
52. a) Levels of heavy metal
bioaccumulation of Nypa fruticans
from Boac River
b) Solar purification for water
portability
Examples
61. •More reliable and objective
•Can use statistics to generalize a
finding
•Often reduces and restructures a
complex problem to a limited
number of variables
62. •Looks at relationships between
variables and can establish cause
and effect in highly controlled
circumstances
•Tests theories or hypotheses
63. •Subjectivity of researcher in
methodology is recognized less
•Less detailed than qualitative data
and may miss a desired response
from the participant
71. Education- discover solutions to
issues in educational research,
assessment, and program evaluation
and curriculum implementation.
72. Science and Technology - represent the
research field of utilization of mathematical,
statistical, and data-analytical methods and
techniques for gathering, handling, interpreting,
and predicting a variety of features of the science
and technology enterprise, such as performance,
development, and dynamics.
84. Discrete- variable that can only take
on a certain number of values.
In short, these are variables that are
countable where the range of
specified values is complete.
85. a. Classroom attendance
b. Grade level of students
c. Number of cars in a parking lot
d. Baby’s age in months
86. Continuous- a variable that has an
infinite number of possible values. In
short, these are variables that are
obtained by measuring.
