cinnamomum zeylanica holarrhena antidysentrica

1. MANSI R. MORE

2.  INTRODUCTION
 SPECIMEN 1= Cinnamomum zeylanicum
 SPECIMEN 2= Holarrhena antidysentrica
 REFERENCES REFERENCES

3.  Botanical name = Cinnamomum zeylanicum
 Common name = Dalchini
 Family = Lauraceae
 Biological source = Dried inner bark of stem
 Geographical distribution = native to Ceylon and Malabar coast
of India . Jamaica and Brazil
Propagation = cuttings and layering method, seeds. Propagation = cuttings and layering method, seeds.

4.  Colour = Outer surface is dull yellowish brown, while
the inner surface is dark yellowish brown
 Odour = fragrant
 Taste = Aromatic, sweet followed by warm sensation
Shape = About 1 m in length & 1 cm in diameter with Shape = About 1 m in length & 1 cm in diameter with
0.5 mm in thickness
 Structure = Outer surface of the bark is marked with
waxy longitudinal striation with small holes of scars
left by the branches. Inner surface also shows the
longitudinal striations. Bark is free of cork.

5. MICROSCOPICMICROSCOPIC
CHARACTERSCHARACTERS
T.S. of cinnamon shows inner
bark. The cork of primary
cortex are absent. Rarely
patches of primary cortex may
be present. Sclerenchymatous
pericycle is prominent. The
stelar parts shows phloem ,stelar parts shows phloem ,
phloem fibres, tri-serriate
medullary rays and secretory
cavities contain volatile oils &
mucilage rays. Calcium oxalate
crystals in parenchymatous
cells are also present.

6.  Cinnamon bark contains 0.5 to 1 % volatile oil
 1-2 % of tannins, mucilage, calcium oxalate,
starch and mannitol
 14- 16 % of 90% alcohol 14- 16 % of 90% alcohol
 Oil contains 65-70% of cinnamaldehyde
 5-10 % of eugenol, benzaldehyde and
cinnamaldehyde
 Terpenes like phellandrene, pinene, cymene,
caryophyllene.

7.  Used as carminative, stomachic and mild astringent.
 As a flavouring agent, stimulant, aromatic and
antiseptic
 As a condiment and spice in preparation of candy,
perfumes and confectionaries.
 Also used for weight loss and to cure headaches and Also used for weight loss and to cure headaches and
joint pains.

8.  Botanical name = Holarrhena antidysentrica
 Common name = Kurchi
 Family = Apocyanaceae
 Biological source = Dried stem bark
 Geographical distribution = It is indegenous to India
and found throughout India in parks ascending uptoand found throughout India in parks ascending upto
1000 m in the Himalayas. Common in Orissa, Assam,
U.P. and Maharashtra.

9.  Colour = outer surface of the barks is buff to pale
brown, while inner surface is slightly brown.
 Odour = odourless
 Taste = Bitter
Size = pieces of various size and thickness are Size = pieces of various size and thickness are
available in the market.
 Structure = short and granular, outer surface has
longitudinal wrinkles and horizontal lenticels. It is
rough and scaly to touch.

10. MICROSCOPICMICROSCOPIC
CHARACTERSCHARACTERS
Cork is followed by
several layered thick
cork-cambium.
Cortex containsCortex contains
several patches of
stone cells.
Medullary rays are
multiseriate.

11.  Kurchi contains 1.5 - 3% of total alkaloids.
 About 25 alkaloids are reported, Connesine is
non-oxygenated alkaloid.
 The outer alkaloid of Kurchi are non-connesine, The outer alkaloid of Kurchi are non-connesine,
dioxy-connesine, iso-connesine.
 Holarrhena & holarrhidine are also present.

12.  Connesine is the active constituent of Kurchi, is
used in the treatment of dysentry.
 Connesine is very toxic to unicellular micro-
organisms.organisms.

13.  https://www.ayurtimes.com/holarrhena-
antidysenterica-pubescens-kurchi-kutaj
 geniusherbs.com/holarrhena-antidysenterica.html
 ttps://www.tabletwise.com/medicine-te/holarrhena-
antidysentericaantidysenterica
 https://www.botanicalbridge.com/botanical-bridge-
home/allaboutherbs/cinnamon
 https://hmc.usp.org/monographs/cinnamomum-
cassia-twig-0-2