The Propaganda Movement was an aggressive but peaceful campaign for reform in the Philippines led by Filipino illustrados and sympathetic foreigners. It had specific demands including equal treatment under the law, making the Philippines a province of Spain, and restoring Filipino representation. Propagandists established organizations and publications to strengthen their calls for reform, such as La Solidaridad newspaper. Rizal's writings also ventilated grievances and predicted independence if reforms were not implemented. He emphasized education and national identity over personal interests in revolution.
2. The Propaganda Movement
An aggressive but peaceful campaign for reform in the Philippines.
The movement had the following specific demands:
1. To get equal treatment for the Filipinos and the Spaniards under
the law.
2. To make the Philippines as a province of Spain.
3. To restore Filipino representation in the Spanish Cortes.
4. To Filipinize the parishes.
5. To give the Filipinos freedom of speech, of the press, assembly
and for redress of grievances.
4. The campaign was carried out by Filipino illustrados and
sympathetic Spaniards and other Foreigners
Morayta Blumentritt
5. The Propagandist either became a member of or established an
organization to strengthen their campaign for reform.
The following were the organizations joined or established by the
Propagandists:
1. Circulo Hispano Filipino (1882) -to addressed to the government
authorities in Spain all the abuses and harsh treatment being done
to the Philippines and the changes that they wanted to be done.
2. Los Indios Bravos (1889) - to write poems, stories and newspaper
articles showing the current condition of the Philippines in the hands
of the Spaniards and friars.
3. Hispano-Filipino Association(Jan 12 1889) – an organization
composed of Filipinos and Spaniards calling for reform in the
Philippines
6. 4. Lodge Revolución (1889-Masonry) - was organized by Graciano Lopez-
Jaena in Barcelona, Spain under the auspices of the Grande Oriente Español
5. Lodge Solidaridad No 53 Masonry ( May 15,1890)– organized by Lopez
Jaena,with Marcelo del Pilar and other Filipino Masons under the Grande
Oriente Español
Note. Through Lodge Solidaridad, masonic lodges were established in the
Philippines, Namely:
a. Lodge Nilad (1892)
b. Lodge Balagtas
6. La Liga Filipina – Aims
• To unite the whole archipelago into one compact, vigorous, and
homogenous body;
• Mutual protection in every want and necessity;
• Defense against all violence and injustice;
• Encouragement of instruction, agriculture, and commerce; and
• Study and application of reforms.
7. venues used by the Propagandist to ventilate their
grievances
1. La Solidaridad (Abroad)- served as the principal organ of the
propaganda movement. It was the first publication where Filipino
writers can published their articles, opinions, and poems about the
Philippines.
2. Diariong Tagalog(Philippines)
8. Rizal’s Writings ventilating the Grievances of the Filipinos
a. FILIPINAS DENTRO DE CIEN AÑOS (The Philippines a Century Hence) – Rizal
predicted that (1) Spain will eventually grant the Philippines the independence
she seeks - including the fair representation in the Spanish cortes, (2) the
Philippines will rise up against Spain if it continues to ignore her outcry and form
her own government, and (3) the Americans might take interest in the
Philippines and take it (or buy it) from Spain.
b. SOBRE LA INDOLENCIA DE LOS FILIPINOS (On the Indolence of the Filipinos) –
an explanatory writing of Rizal to clarify the alleged idleness/indolence of the
Filipino people during the Spanish Regime
c. NOTAS A LA OBRA SUCESOS DE LAS FILIPINAS FOR EL DR. ANTONIO DE MORGA
(Notes on Philippine Events by Dr. Antonio de Morga): 1889 - to recover the lost
history of the Filipino people and to awaken their consciousness about the
memories of their past which was obliterated and falsified by the Spaniards
9. d. The Letter to Young Women of Malolos - emphasized reason and
supported the education of women so that they may be enlightened,
religiousness required reason, without reason there was only
religiosity. His message to Young Women:
• Filipino mothers should teach their children love of God, country and
fellowmen.
• Filipino mothers should be glad and honored, like Spartan mothers, to offer
their sons in defense of their country.
• Filipino women should know how to protect their dignity and honor.
• Filipino women should educate themselves aside from retaining their good
racial values.
• Faith is not merely reciting prayers and wearing religious pictures. It is living the
real Christian way with good morals and manners.
10. e. Noli Mi Tangere-
•It showed the bad political, social, and religious condition of
the Philippines during the Spanish Regime.
•It exposed the oppressive policies of the government as well
as the abuses, incompetence, and corruption of the
government officials, specially the friars.
11. f. El Filibuterismo – among others, Rizal tackled his idea on revolution.
In this novel, Rizal showed that a revolution should not be motivated
by personal interest.
Hence, the revolution planned by Simoun ended a failure because his
reason for revolting against the government was personal revenge for
what happened to his family.
Consequently, a revolution should be anchored on an ideology that
will served as a rallying point for unity.
Therefore, the ideology should represent national interest.
13. Identification
1. The unorganized but aggressive campaign for reform in the
Philippines.
2. The campaign for reform in the Philippines was carried by the rich
and educated Filipinos known as _______.
3. The campaign for reform in the Philippines was directed to the
Spanish authorities in ______.
4. As a propagandist, Rizal wrote an essay entitled ____where he
predicted that the Filipinos will struggle for independence if Spain
ignores their clamor for reforms.
5. In his letter To the Young Women of Malolos, Rizal urged the Filipino
women to _____ themselves aside from retaining their good values.
14. 6. A historical writing of Jose Rizal where he showed that the
Philippines was civilized even before the arrival of the Spaniards in the
country.
7. To carry out the campaign for reform in the Philippines, Rizal
established the ________.
8. In his novel _______, Rizal espoused that a revolution should not be
motivated by personal interest.
9. In his ______, Rizal showed the bad political, social, and religious
condition of the Philippines.
10. Historically, _____ was considered the as principal organ of the
Propaganda Movement in Spain.
15. Key to Correction
1. Propaganda Movement
2. Illustrados
3. Spain
4. The Philippines a Century Hence
5. Educate
6. Annotation on Sucesos de las Filipinas
7. La Liga Filipina
8. El Filibusterismo
9. Noli Mi Tangere
10. La Solidaridad
