Luke's sustainable biorefining: new high value ingredients from forest and agricultural residues and sidestreams

1. © Luonnonvarakeskus
Together towards bio-circular economy
Luke’s sustainable biorefining: new high value
ingredients from forest and agricultural residues and side-
streams
Juha-Matti Katajajuuri, Tuula Jyske, Petri Kilpeläinen, Risto Korpinen, Luke, March 2017
#bioeconomy #circulareconomy

2. © Luonnonvarakeskus
Luke has 100-year long tradition
Luke
19.04.17

3. © Luonnonvarakeskus
Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke)
19.04.17
New biobased products
and business
opportunities
Productivity by
digitalization
Healthier food profitably
Regional vitality by
circular economy
Well-being from
immaterial values
Evidence base for
decision making
120 M€
Turnover
1300
Employees
25
Locations in Finland
HQ in Helsinki
Present in 11 campuses
with universities, research
institutes and polytechnics20 M€
Statutory services
We are one of the four Statistical
Authorities in Finland.
We contribute for the European
Statistical System and for the
international statistical framework for
the UNECE and OECD statistics.
100 M€
Research & customer portfolio
50 research professors
650 researchers
Growth and
well-being
from
sustainable
bioeconomy
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4. © Luonnonvarakeskus
Thematic research programmes
CIRCULAR ECONOMY SOLUTIONS IN FOCUS

5. © Natural Resources Institute Finland19.04.17
Customer solutions
Luke targets to be a customer oriented research provider of
bioeconomy solutions with special emphasis on innovative
primary production and value-chains thereof
We analyze the trends in the global natural resources economy
and tailor our services to meet our customers’ changing needs.
We offer our customers research and development services
based on our outstanding biological and technological expertise.
We look actively new strategic partnerships for long term
research collaboration
We use high-quality experimental research environments and
extensive data resources.

6. © Luonnonvarakeskus
Company collaboration
• Direct customised contract work
 Company owns the results and IPR and finances the project
 Luke executes the work
• Public research projects
 EU projects
 Company as partner, funding from EU (BBI, H2020)
 TEKES projects
 some funding from companies  first refusal right to IPR
 Steering committee member of the project
 PPP consortia projects (”Tekes without Tekes)
 Funding: Luke + X companies in value chain
 First refusal right to results
 Pre-competitive projects
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7. © Luonnonvarakeskus
Sustainable circular bio-economy: Efficient and sustainable use and
valorisation of biomass and biomass side-streams
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By-products, -side-streams, waste
•Forest
•Agro
•Municipal
•Industryial processes
Bioprocessing
•Microbiological processing
•Anaerobic digestion/ biogas process
•Enzymatic processing
Extraction, fractionation, separaton e.g.
•Pressurised hot water/solvent extraction
•super-critical fluid techniques
•membrane filtration
Slow pyrolysis, biochar
Nutrient concentration technologies
• Pharmaceuticals, cosmetics
• Food, Feed & Ingredients
• Pet food
• Chemicals, materials
• Bioenergy
• Biofuels and –products
• Nutrient and carbon products
Sustainability assessment
Availability of potential
biomass for target end use
Key Account Manager Juha-Matti Katajajuuri

8. © Luonnonvarakeskus
Sustainability assessment of bioeconomy systems and products,
biorefineries and biomass valorisation
• Goal is to assess, improve and ensure sustainability in biorefineries, biomass
valorisation, agriculture, food chain, game and fisheries and forestry sector
• Environmental LCA and footprint methods applied and developed >20 years
Result
Guidance enhance and ensure
comparability between LCA
studies and target setting of
environmental improvements.
Applicable and concrete for all
food product groups. Cover
the entire food supply chain.
Based on int. guidelines, but
more accurate and concrete
for companies
Benefits
Companies identify hot
spots of the supply chain
to decrease env. footprint.
Support climate friendly
choices
Improves competitiveness
of Finnish food in int.
markets, verified environ-
mental information is
increasing.
Feedback from companies
”Reliable and comparable
carbon footprint
information of products for
consumers.” SOK
”Proper and solid tool for
sustainability forerunners.”
Stora Enso
”Improves remarkably
possibilities to develop
environmental responsibility ”
HK Ruokatalo
Unique FoodPrintTools guideline developed for reliable carbon footprint
assessment
Virtanen, Y., Kurppa, S. et al. 2011. Carbon footprint of food – approaches from
national input-output statistics and a LCA of a food portion. J Cleaner Production.
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9. © Luonnonvarakeskus
Kuva Harri Lehtinen
Luke’s services to companies: biomass
potential for new biorefineries, bioenergy
development needs and other decision making
purposes
•Biomass and energy potential maps
•Best location analysis
•Biomass quality (characteristics, nutrient
contents, energy potential)
•Cost analysis
•Field availability for biomass production and
nutrient recycling
Biomass Atlas – availability of biomass for
different end uses
• Tool for exploring biomass
potentials
• Spatially explicit data
• Map user interface
• Reporting tools
• Tools and interfaces for
computing and modeling
• Freely available in the Internet
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ForestForest
AgroAgro
Peat-
land
Peat-
land
Side
streams
Side
streams
Polymers
-Hemicelluloses
-Lignin
-Cellulose
-Suberin
Polymers
-Hemicelluloses
-Lignin
-Cellulose
-Suberin
Primary and
secondary
metabolites
Primary and
secondary
metabolites
Localization
of chemical
substances in
biomasses
Localization
of chemical
substances in
biomasses
Antioxidant,
antimicrobial
activity
Antioxidant,
antimicrobial
activity
Wood and fibre
properties
Wood and fibre
properties
Management
-Geography
-Weather
-Fertilizing
Management
-Geography
-Weather
-Fertilizing
GeneticsGenetics
Storage and
logistics
Storage and
logistics
Growth
processes
Growth
processes
Chemical
composition
Chemical
composition
Biomass
properties
Tailoring for
end use purposes
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Green chemistry from forest and field
04/19/17
Raw materialRaw material
Forest and agricultural
residues, processing side
products
Forest
Agro
BIOMASSBIOMASS
ConversionConversion
• Structure
preserving
extractions
• Bioprocessing
• Thermochemical
conversion
• Structure
preserving
extractions
• Bioprocessing
• Thermochemical
conversion
Further
refining
• We offer profound knowledge on raw material properties and innovative
biomass fractionation and upgrading techniques from lab to demo scale
• We search for partners interested in using hemicellulose fractions,
sulphur-free lignin, bioactive compounds (polymers, oligomers, mixtures)
and selected biomasses to be upgraded to food, feed or other (e.g.,
cosmetics) ingredients for product development and testing
Green chemicalsGreen chemicals
EnergyEnergy
Nutrients
WaterWater

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Innovative ingredients for value added products from
forests, agro-production, peatlands, and side-streams
• Boreal Green:
– Tree bark (stilbenes, lignans, suberin, betulin, tannins)
– Knot wood (lignans)
– Needles (shikimic acid, waxes)
– Leaves (flavonoids, aromatic oils)
– Stumps, root collars (lignans, terpenes, etc.)
– Damaged trunks (resin, tree waters, sap)
– Wild herbs
– Peatland plants, mosses
– Edible mushrooms (chitin, fungi sterols,
glucans, triterpenes etc.)
– Chaga mushrooms (“pakurikääpä”, immunomodulatory
bioactive compounds)
SUOKAS
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Solutions from aqueous environment
• Blue Bioeconomy:
– Micro-and macroalgae
• carotenoids, phenolic compounds, phytosterols,
peptides and polysaccharides, fatty acids, omega oils
– Fish and fish by-products
• bioactive peptides
• collagen
• chitin/chitosan
• other bioactive polysaccharides
• omega oils
– Other aquatic biomasses (e.g., duckweed, common reed)
• bioactive compounds (Lemna (duckweed) will be
studied by strategic funding)
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FoodChain products and side-streams
• Innovative FoodChain:
– Agro-production and its side-streams: fruits, berries
and seeds, vegetables, cereals, nuts
• phenolic compounds (anthocyanins, flavonols,
tannins), carotenoids, fruit acids, fatty acids
(omega oils)
– Animal production side-streams:
• collagens, glucosamine derivatives, hyalyronic
acid, lecitin, fatty acids
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Lab-scale/demonstration-scale development
• Fractionation and purification equipment can be used for
– method development
– proofs-of-concepts
– demonstrations
• Formulation of (functional) ingredients
• Formulation of proto-products for
market studies or clinical trials
Idea Workshops
Co-Creation Workshops
Expert Services
Demos & Testing Services
Research Services
Networking
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16. © Luonnonvarakeskus
Extraction and fractionation techniques
• Extractions at laboratory- and demonstration scales
– water, ethanol, carbon dioxide, glycerol
– pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE)
– supercritical fluid pilot plant for extraction, fractionation
and precipitation/crystallisation
• Refining of the extracts
– concentration, microencapsulation, extrusion, spray
drying, liquid/liquid-extraction
• Chromatography methods
– Preparative batch
• Filtration
– Micro-, ultra-, nano-, RO
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Fractionation
Pressurised solvent (hot water) extraction
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Batch
Various solvents
33–100 ml
(Espoo,
Jokioinen)
Flow-through
Aqueous solvents
50 ml
(Espoo)
Flow-through
Aqueous solvents
300 l
(Espoo)
Flow-through
Aqueous solvents
3 l
(Espoo)

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Extraction, coming equipment
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Mixing reactor
Complete biomass
fractionation
0.5–5 l
(Espoo)

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Separation
Ultrafiltration
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PCI filtration unit (Espoo)
B1 tubular module (we have 2)
Length 2.44 m
Area 1.75 m2
Modified PES membrane
•pH 1.5–12
•30 bar
•80 ºC
•6000 MW

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Pre-processing of raw materials
• Controlled enzymatic or microbial bioprocessing
• Chemical modifications
• Water (solvent) removal (filtration, centrifugal filtration,
evaporation)
• Drying (ovens, lyophilization, spray-dry)
• Mixing of dry powders
• Liquids, emulsions and suspensions by high-speed mixing
(+colloid mill)
• Granulation
• Solvent- and enzyme-assisted extractions are also available,
but not shown in this presentation
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21. © Luonnonvarakeskus
Antioxidative activity -tests
• SCAV (H2O2 scavenging; compound is bioactive, if it prevents the
ferric oxidation effect of hydrogen peroxide)
• ORAC (oxygen radical absorbance capacity, compound is bioactive,
if it provides protection against the effects of oxygen radicals)
• ABTS (measures the relative ability of antioxidant to scavenge the
ABTS generated in aqueous phase, as compared with a Trolox
• FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power; the studied compound is
active if it can reduce a chelated Fe(III)-complex)
• Total phenolic content (Folin-Ciocalteu, Fast Blue BB)
(measures the total reducing capacity of phenolic compounds in the
specimen)
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Analytics of ingredient research
• Bioactivity analysis (in vitro)
– Chromatographic, spectrophotometry, and fluorimeter
methods for measuring antioxidative properties
– Chromatography for determining effects on blood
pressure
– Luminometric, fluorimetric, and conventional
microbiological methods for determine antimicrobial
properties
• In vitro –cell models
– Biomolecule absorption
– Oxidative stress
– Inflammation models
– Adhesion
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