SITE REPORT

1. SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING AND
DESIGN
Bachelor of Quantity Surveying (Honours)
INTEGRATED ASSIGNMENT:
MEASUREMENT I (QSB60104)
CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY I (BLD 60104)
BUILDING MATERIALS (BLD 62003)
SITE VISIT REPORT
STUDENT NAME : LILLIAN TAN AI JUN
STUDENT ID NO. : 0320087
DATE OF SUBMISSION : 27TH
NOVEMBER 2015

2. CONTENT
NO. CONTENT PAGE NUMBER
1. INTRODUCTION 1 - 2
2. OBJECTIVES 3
3.
3.1
3.2
TECHNICAL OBSERVATIONS
PAD FOOTING
GENERAL SITE OBSERVATIONS
4 - 6
7 - 13
4. CONCLUSION 14

3. 1
1. INTRODUCTION
This is a site report prepared based on the elements required in the integrated assignment
which incorporates three different subjects, Measurement I, Construction Technology I
and Building Materials. A site visit to Seksyen 2A, Antara Gapi, Mukim Serendah, Hulu
Selangor, Selangor which fell on the 19th
November 2015 (Thursday) had been conducted
by the lecturers, Ms Azrina Binti Md Yaakob, Ms Aishah and Sr Ang Fuey Lin who is
also the Programme Director of Bachelor of Quantity Surveying (Honours).
The students were required to study and understand the method and process of
construction in accordance to the sequence of the work on site. The report shall
incorporate an introduction of the site visit, the overall learning outcomes as well as the
technical observations made on site. Meanwhile, the main element required to be studied
on is the pad footing.
On the 19th
of November, 83 students were gathered around at the destinated waiting area,
properly-attired with uniform, appropriate footwear, safety helmet and other personal
protective equipment (PPE). The departure of the buses took place at 8:30am sharp to
avoid any delay in the schedule and the journey had taken approximately one hour of
time as estimated in the trip itinerary.
Upon our arrival, a short safety briefing was given by the safety supervisor from the site
to ensure that we are well-awared of all the potential hazards and safety precautions are
also taken to prevent any unwanted injuries. The on-going construction project is a
residential housing estate which consists of 96 units of Semi-Detached houses covering a
land area of 40’ x 80’. The housing estate is divided into three different types namely,
Type 2A, Type 2B and Type 3.
We were then led and guided around by the safety supervisor, an engineer and also two of
our lecturers. Detailed explanation regarding the on-going construction had also been
given while we toured around the site. Site observations had been carried out and useful

4. 2
informations had been collected and jotted down. The activity ended in approximately an
hour. Each of us expressed our sincere gratitude to the supervisors and bid a farewell
upon leaving.

5. 3
2. OBJECTIVES
The integrated assignment aims to achieve several objectives enlisted in the followings :
1. To be able to describe, explain and understand the basics of the construction process
2. To witness the usage of construction equipment and mechanical plants on site
3. To explore and identify various types of building materials and construction
technology used on site
4. To explain the construction of buildings and the scientific principles that underpin the
design and construction
5. To develop a better understanding towards construction knowledge through technical
observations
6. To be able to relate lectures and theories acquired in class into real life practices
7. To enhance the learning process via a close interaction between lecturers and the
students
8. To raise a higher awareness on necessary safety precautions against potential hazards
on site

6. 4
3. TECHNICAL OBSERVATION
3.1 PAD FOOTING
HOW IS PAD FOOTING CONSTRUCTED & WHAT ARE THE
MATERIALS USED ?
A) Setting out
Before any construction of the pad footing begins, the surveyor in charged will have to
check and ensure that the location of the pad footing is marked on the right position. The
surveyor shall proceed the checking procedures based on the detailed plan drawings
given.
Checking of pad footing position based on the construction plan.
B) Earthwork and excavation
After the position of the pad footings had been checked and marked, the excavation and
earthwork will then begin. The type of subsoil found on the site is clay and we were told
that the soil will be excavated to a different depth according to the types of housing
phases. For Type 2B houses, the excavation would take up a depth of 1.6 metres as for
Type 2A houses, the excavation work would dig down to a level of 1.2 metres deep below
the ground.
Notes on excavation work written down by the supervisor in a tiny booklet.

7. 5
C) Formwork
After the excavation work had been done, the builders will then begin to construct the
formwork. Based on the technical observation made on site, the type of formwork used
for this contruction project is the traditional timber formwork which could be easily
disassembled and sawned to the dimensions required.
The construction worker is assemblying the formwork on the pad footing.
D) Lean Concrete Grade 30
After the formwork has been placed into position, lean concrete of 50mm thick is then
poured into the space. We had also been told that the concrete used for the entire
construction project is of Grade 30.
Typical pad footing plan (left) and section 1-1 drawing of pad footing and column stump (right).

8. 6
E) Reinforment bars
High tensile reinforcement bars of 12mm, 16mm and 22mm diameter are then placed
within the formwork for the pad footing. Before proceeding to concrete work, the
reinforcement bars of the column stump were also placed in as well.
The plan of pad footing (left) and section 2-2 drawing of pad footing (right).
F) Reinforced Concrete Grade 30
Reinforced concrete of Grade 30 is then poured into the timber formwork in which the
depth varies according to the type of pad footing stated in the construction plan. The
concrete is then left to cure and the formwork will be disassembled once the concrete is
cured.
---
Pad footings for Type 2B houses (top). Builders disassembling the timber formwork
after the concrete has been cured (bottom).

9. 7
3.2 GENERAL SITE OBSERVATION
Safety briefing given by the safety supervisor (left). Our lecturers, Ms Azrina and Ms Ang (right).
Upon our arrival, a short site safety briefing was given by the safety supervisor to ensure
that we are highly aware of all the potential hazards on site as well as taking safety
precautions to prevent any unwanted injuries. The briefing ended in a short while and we
began touring around the construction site under their lead and guidance.
Safety Policy shown on the notice board (left) and the housing plan which shows three different
phases of the Semi-Detached houses, namely Type 2A, Type 2B and Type 3 (right).

10. 8
A) BUILDING MATERIALS ON SITE
Fabric reinforcement bars (BRC) which were piled up on site.
Fabric reinforcement bars (BRC) placed on top of the stack of piles.
Piles that had been driven down the ground for Type 3A housing phase.

11. 9
Cement (left) and concrete blocks (right).
Concrete bricks (left). Stretcher bond and Flemish bond used for brickwork (middle and right).
Plasterwork carried out by construction workers (right).
Roof trusses built in the house (left) and lightweight metal roof trusses on site (right).

12. 10
Clay roof tiles
Reinforcement bars
Reinforcement bars used as links and stirrups.

13. 11
Disassembled parts of scaffolding (left) and its base plate (right).
B) FORMWORK AND SCAFFOLDING
Traditional timber formwork for ground beam (left) and putlog scaffolding (right).
C) CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENTS AND MECHANICAL PLANTS
Concrete mixer (left) and concrete lifting equipment (middle and right).

14. 12
Excavator (left) and tractor (right).
Mobile crane
D) SERVICES
Water and sewage pipe (red) for bathroom (left) and water pipes (blue) for the kitchen (right).

15. 13
E) ACCOMODATIONS
Office on site (left and middle) and reinforced concrete store (right).
F) OTHERS
Board of arrangements (left) and safety board (right).

16. 14
4. CONCLUSION
Throughout the site visit, I’ve come to realize that it is important to have a physical
exposure to the construction site as I find it a very useful and efficient way to enhance our
learning progress. Theory learning might help to impart the basic knowledge regarding
what ought to be known by a surveyor but observational learning could also be an
enhancing tool as well in helping to widen our view and prospection towards the actual
circumstances of a working process and environment.
Besides, I’ve also come to develop a better understanding towards the process of
construction and the sequence of work as well as different types of building materials,
mechanical plants, equipments and more. All the mechanical plants may seem alike by
just solely looking at the pictures via the internet, however, it is crucial to be able to
identify their names and to tell the differences in terms of their functionality via a
physical exposure. Moreover, I’ve also come to learn that it is pretty important to acquire
the knowledge to read and understand a construction plan before any construction work
has been carried out to ensure that the project can be done accurately and accordingly
with minimized error.
Last but not least, I would like to express my sincere gratitude towards the supervisor and
the engineer who had led and guided us around the site while generously sharing their
experiences and knowledge with us. Despite the hot weather, they remained professional
in providing us with clear and detailed information regarding the on-going construction.
Also, not to forget both of our lecturers, Ms Ang and Ms Azrina who had also guided us
along the way and patiently answered to all the questions asked to clear our doubts via an
immediate Q & A session. Although Ms Aishah has not been able to join us, I would also
like to thank her for the things that she has taught us as it helps us to develop a basic
construction knowledge before going on a site. A big thank you to all of them as I’ve truly
benefited a lot from the site visit.