2. Activity
Gather the needed information from
the person next to you or near you.
1. What is she or he wearing?
2. Does she or he look happy?
3. Ask the following question:
a. What is your name?
b. When is your birthday?
c. What is your favorite color?
3. Data
Collection
It is the process of GATHERING, MEASURING information,
and ANALYZING accurate insights for research using
STANDARD VALIDATED TECHNIQUES
4. Data Collection in
Qualitative Research
Data is EXPRESSED in WORDS and ANALYZE through
INTERPRETATIONS and CATEGORIZATION.
6. Observation
To see or to notice
It is a preferred tool for collecting data when the use of
interviews and questionnaire are not possible.
It is a systematic process of recording the behavioral patterns of
people, objects, and occurrences as they are witnessed. .
In using observation, we use our senses to observe and study
people in their natural setting.
8. Interview
It is a VERBAL TECHNIQUE for obtaining data direct from the
primary sources.
An INTERVIEW QUESTIONNAIRE is designed in a manner to
elicit the respondent’s knowledge or perspective related to a
topic, program, or issue.
9. Interview
This qualitative data collection method is very ideal particularly
when the researcher want highly personalized information from
the respondent.
11. Different forms of Interview
A. Structured Interview
• Interview is scheduled
• Consists of pre-determined questions
• Systematic, consistent, and uniform
• Not time consuming
12. Different forms of Interview
B. Semi- structured Interview
• Interview is scheduled and has pre- determined set of
questions but can explore other information.
• Additional questions might be asked during interview
• Responded is free to answer
• Need more time
13. Different forms of Interview
B. Semi- structured Interview
• Interview is scheduled and has pre- determined set of
questions but can explore other information.
• Additional questions might be asked during interview
• Responded is free to answer
• Need more time
14. Focus Group Discussion
• It is defined as a small group of carefully selected
participants who contribute to open discussions for
research.
• Sample size is 6- 10 people
• Has a specific and focused discussions on a topic
• Group interview
15. Focus Group Discussion
• The researcher should be knowledgeable in selecting
members.
• The purpose is to identify and understand
perceptions of the participants.
16. Document Review
• It includes deriving relevant INFORMATION from existing
documents such as ANNUAL REPORTS, PROCEEDINGS OF
SEMINARS, STATISTICAL DATA, BULLETINS, NEWSPAPER,
MANUSCRIPTS, BROCHURES, PAMPHLETS, PROPOSALS,
DATA FILES, and VARIOUS PUBLIC RECORDS.
17. Audio- Visual Data and
Materials Review
• It consists of images or sounds such as videotapes and films that
researchers collect to assist in understanding the research problem
at hand.
• A researcher can do an authentic
documentation.
19. 1. Process and record the raw
data immediately while
doing data collection
processes.
2. Start analyzing as the data
is being collected
3. Data Reduction
4. Identify relevant themes
and patterns
5. Reporting data
6. Interpreting findings and
drawing conclusions
