2. 2
Safety and awareness information
•Trainee heads are situated in the East Passageway.
•Fire alarms are tested every Monday during morning stand easy, no
action to be taken.
•This is a No Smoking building, smoking is permitted outside in the
entrance to the main engine cell, east end.
•All accidents are to be reported, no matter how minor. Watt hangar
manager holds the accident book.
•Access to the control room is restricted unless there is a member of
staff in attendance. DO NOT walk in front of the control panel when in
use.
3. 3
•Access to the Engine Cells is restricted unless accompanied by a
member of staff, and the engines are inhibited.
•Telephones are located within the building, in the common room,
and Raper and Spey control rooms.
•Emergency telephone number is 2222.
Any Questions?
6. SEMC Gas Turbines: - The Course
GT1 INTRODUCTION
GT2 COMPRESSORS & INTERNAL AIR
SYSTEM
GT3 M ENGINE CONSTRUCTION,
PROPULSION SYSTEMS. INTRO TO
TYNE / OLYMPUS
GT 7 ON ENGINE AUXILLIARIES
GT 8 GTCU LUBE OIL SYSTEM
GT 9 GT DOWNTAKES, UPTAKES &
MODULE SYSTEMS
GT 10 DRY & WET MOTORING (Test
Cycles)
7. The Course – Continued
GT 11 START, RUN, STOP. DUTY WATCH
GT 13 M 1st. PRACTICAL “FLASH-UP”
GT 19 COMBUSTION SYSTEMS
GT 20 ENGINE USEAGE
GT 21 M TYNE / OLYMPUS FUEL CONTROL
GT 25 M 2nd. PRACTICAL “FLASH-UP”
GT 29 3rd. PRACTICAL “FLASH-UP”
Overalls & Steaming Boots Required.
End of course EXAM
8. OBJECTIVES
Define the meaning of gas turbine
Identify the major components of a gas turbine
Describe the various forms of aero and marine gas
turbine
Explain the form of the gas turbine cycle on a T-s
chart and compare it with the steam and diesel cycle
Describe various additions to the simple gas turbine
cycle
Explain the advantages and disadvantages of gas
turbine propulsion
9. GAS TURBINES
A self contained heat engine using a continuous
flow of gas as the working fluid - compressing it,
heating it, and expanding it through one or more
turbines, producing a net output of energy in a
useable form.
13. IF YOU WANT A SIMPLE, RELIABLE
JET ENGINE, THAT CAN BE
CHEAPLY MANUFACTURED FROM
STEEL PRESSINGS AND WILL RUN
ON SYNTHETIC FUEL – THEN WHAT
ABOUT……….
THE PULSE JET ????
14. Argus Pulse Jet Engine. The
Intake showing Air Inlet Shutters
15. V1 Flying Bomb – (“Buzzbomb” –
“Doodlebug”) - the most Infamous use of the Pulse
Jet Engine.
16. It was very simple and cheap to build
but wasn’t very accurate and needed
launch ramp with rails. Later versions
were air launched.
18. WHAT HAPPENS WHEN You
Detonate Nearly ONE Tonne of
High Explosive at Ground Level
on a Civilian Target ???
(Not something that you deal with
every day in the Navy, BUT,
Something That You May Well
have to deal with during Your
Career - ie TERRORISM)
24. BASIC OPEN CYCLE GAS TURBINE
1
4
3
2
Air Exhaust Gas
Combustion
Chamber
Fuel
Gas Generator
Compressor HP Turbine
~ 66% Power Output ~ 33% Power Output
34. GAS TURBINE BASICS– Accessories – It
won’t run without them !!
Inlet Gearbox
Accessory Gearbox
Transverse
Gearbox
Air Starter
Fuel Controller
HP Fuel Pump
35. Typical MARINE GAS TURBINE Installation
Compressor
Combustor
Turbine
Power Turbine
Inlet Duct (Plenum)
Exhaust Duct
Exhaust Volute
Output Shaft
Accessory Gearbox Gas Generator Shaft
44. SIMPLE SINGLE SPOOL MARINE
PROPULSION GAS TURBINE
Air
1
4
3
2
5
Output Shaft
Exhaust Gas
Fuel
Gas Generator Power Turbine
Compressor HP Turbine
Combustion
Chambers
46. TWIN SPOOL MARINE PROPULSION
GAS TURBINE
Air
1
4
3
2
5
Output Shaft
Exhaust Gas
Combustion
Chambers
Fuel
Gas Generator Power Turbine
6
7
LP Comp HP Comp LP Turbine
HP Turbine
47. Olympus 593 – Concorde Engine
This one DOESN’T Power
Warships!!!!
49. TURBINE GAS CYCLE EFFICIENCY
s
T
3
1
2
4
W
KW
Heat in
Ttr5t4`32tu
T = Temp
S = entropy
(available energy)
50. MARINE GAS TURBINE PRESSURE LOSSES
a All pressure losses absorb useful work output
S Highlight 1.8
T
3
1
2
4
P atmos
P sub atmos
P abv atmos
CC Losses
Uptake Losses
Intake Losses
54. ADVANTAGES
High power/weight ratio
Quick start up capability and rapid response to
changes in power demand
Comparatively low development cost
Low on board maintenance requirements
Ease of upkeep by exchange of critical parts
Reduced watch keeping manpower
Good SFC at high power
Availability
Reduced underwater noise (fewer hull openings)
Operational flexibility (choice of propulsion
configuration with 4 main engines)
55. DISADVANTAGES
Unidirectional - need CPP/reversing gearbox
High quality fuel required
Good air quality required - hence a complex air
filtration system needed
Installation - large intake & exhaust ducting needed
with implications for hull strength, internal volume &
WT integrity
IR signature
High unit costs
High cost of running & maintaining shore support
infrastructure
Poor fuel consumption at part load
Poor Fuel Combustion at Low Speeds - SMOKE !
Increased number of prime movers on GT warships
56. OBJECTIVES
Define the meaning of gas turbine
Identify the major components of a gas
turbine
Describe the various forms of aero and
marine gas turbine
Explain the form of the gas turbine cycle on a
T-s chart and compare it with the steam and
diesel cycle
Describe various additions to the simple gas
turbine cycle
Explain the advantages and disadvantages of
gas turbine propulsion
59. What Can I Expect in the
Exam??
DRAW A Gas Turbine T – S DIAGRAM. SHOW
INTAKE, COMBUSTION CHAMBER and EXHAUST
LOSSES.
Explain why the power output of a gas turbine is
improved by increasing T Max
60. MARINE GAS TURBINE PRESSURE LOSSES
a An increased T Max will give a longer expansion stage,
this will increase the power output.
s
T
3
1
2
4
P atmos
P sub atmos
P abv atmos
CC Losses
Uptake Losses
Intake Losses
