This document discusses challenges and opportunities in turbomachinery control. It provides an overview of compressor and gas turbine control systems, including their components and how they work. Advanced control systems integrate controllers for better performance than conventional independent PID controllers. Simulation examples show how compressors can surge during process upsets and how controls work to prevent surge by opening anti-surge valves and reducing turbine output. Overall the document focuses on improving machinery reliability and efficiency through advances in control system design.