Child labor, types of child labor, causes of child labor, Acts and Laws related to child labor, Effort by International agencies to eliminate child labor, child labor laws

1. A
PRESENTATIO
N ON “CHILD
LABOUR”
BY- KUMAR
SATYAM

2. CONTENTS
• What is Child Labour ?
• Types of Child Labour in India
• Causes of Child Labour
• Effects of Child Labour in India
• Child Labor Laws in India
• Role of International Organization in Fighting Child
• What we can do to eliminate Child Labor ?

3. CHILD LABOUR ?
• Child labor refers to the exploitation of children through any form
of work that deprives children of their childhood, interferes with
their ability to attend regular school, and is mentally, physically,
socially or morally harmful.
• Child labor typically means the employment of children in any
manual work with or without payment.

4. TYPES OF CHILD LABOUR
1. Industrial Child Labour
2. Domestic Child Labour
3. Bonded Child Labour

5. INDUSTRIAL CHILD LABOUR
• Industrial sector in India is the largest employer of children below
the legal age of 18. Approximately, over 10 Million children
between the age group of 5 to 14 years are working in informal or
small industries, including around 4.5 Million girls.
• Small enterprises like garment industry, brick kiln, agriculture,
fireworks industries, diamond industries etc, constitute some of
the largest employer of children.

6. DOMESTIC CHILD LABOR
• Domestic child labors constitute 10% of the total child labors in
India.
• Poverty is the main factor behind children being employed as
domestic help.
• The statics reveal a grim picture – nearly 20% of all the domestic
workers employed are below the age of 14 years and the figures
include mainly girls.

7. BONDED CHILD LABORS
• Bonded child labor means as a child who is employed forcibly to
pay off a debt of his parents or a guardian.
• There were thousands of bonded labors engaged in various
industries, till the past decade, but today the numbers have
reduced drastically, and the government claims that there are no
more bonded child labors in India.
• This is made possible due to laws banning child labor and a
compulsory child education and by the joint efforts of UNICEF,
NGOs and other relevant agencies.

8. MAIN CAUSES OF CHILD LABOUR
1. The curse of poverty
2. Lack of educational resources
3. Social and economic backwardness
4. Lure of cheap labour
5. Discrimination between boys and girls

9. EFFECTS/IMPACTS OF CHILD LABOUR ON
SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT IN INDIA
• Children employed in various sectors fail to get necessary
education, virtually forced to leading a life of hardship and
poverty.
• Children employed in glass and fire cracker industries work not
only for longer hours but also under hazardous conditions,
seriously compromising their health.
• Children who are forced into the labour industry are unable to
fend for themselves and grow up as an individual who cannot
productively contribute to the society.

11. CHILD LABOUR LAWS IN INDIA
• The primitive laws that were formed to prohibit child labour in
India were when the Employment of Children Act, 1938 was
passed.But this act failed miserably because it failed to address
the cause of poverty as it is poverty that drives children into forced
labour.
• The Indian Parliament time and again has passed Laws and Acts to
ensure the protection of children from child labour in India. The
Fundamental Rights enshrined in our Constitution prohibit child
labour below the age of 14 years in any factory or mine or
engaged in any hazardous employment under Article 24.

12. CONTINUE….
• The Factories Act of 1948 prevents the employment of children
below 14 years in any factory. The Mines Act of 1952 prohibits the
employment of children below the age of 18 years.
• The Child Labor (Prohibition and Regulation) Act of 1986 prevents
the employment of children below the age of 14 years in life-
threatening occupations identified in a list by the law.
• Further, the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection) of children Act of
2000 made the employment of children a punishable offence.

13. ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS IN
FIGHTING CHILD LABOUR
• The IPECL(International Programme on the Elimination of Child
Labour) was launched under the programme of International
Labour Organization in 1991 to work towards the elimination of
child labor by creating awareness about child labor as a global
issue using national platforms.
• NCLP is one of the major programmes implemented throughout
the country under which seven child labour projects were set up in
the year 1988.
• Rehabilitation is also one of the major policies that have been
adopted by the government of India to reduce the incidence of

14. WHAT WE CAN DO TO ELIMINATE CHILD
LABOR ?
• Change our own thinking
• Spreading literacy and education
• Increase the employment opportunities
• Spread awareness about child labor in India
• We can also dial 100 to register a complaint against child labour
• They should not make any difference between boys and girls