2. ESSENTIAL MEDICINE
• Those that satisfy the health care needs of population.
• They are selected with regard to as prevalence, evidence and efficacy
,effective cost comparative effectiveness.
• They are intended to be available within context of functioning health
system at all times in adequate amount in appropriate dosage forms
with assured quality and at a price the individual and community will
afford.
Six rights of a customer:
1. Goods 4. Cost
2. Time 5. Customer-right
3. Amount 6. Quality
3. ESSENTIAL MEDICINE
• Access to medicines is part of fundamental to health.
• Provision of health services is incomplete without essential medicine
ensuring health commodity availability to meet the needs of its client
is the ultimate goal of a health logistic system.
• Client should receive the right goods,at right quantity in right
condition in right place at right time at the right cost.
• Health commodity include:
oPublic health commodity
oPharmaceutical commodity – drug
oMedical supply
oVaccines
oNon pharmaceutical- cotton wool
4. ESSENTIAL MEDICINE
• Health care mngt and therapeutics are highly dynamic fields.
• Clinical mngt guideline and medicine list are developed to guide and
standardize health care delivery.
• Inclusion of medicines on essential medicines should be considered if
the medicine as per as reasonably meet the following criteria:
1. Very relevant 2. Safe to community 3.Quality medicine
4. Effective cost 5. High quality performance 6. Single ingredients
7. Sustainable locally 8.Approved by pharmaceutical team
9. Locally manufactured
5. ESSENTIAL MEDICINE
Commodity management cycle:
Commodity mngt framework cycle components of all element required
for establishment and continuity of supplies for health care delivery
including pharmaceutical and non pharmaceutical commodities.
Has four key stages:
1. Careful choices of medicines according to national or global
guideline
2. Procurement for value-money and proven quality goods.
3. Effective and efficient distribution system within a facility.
4. Rational prescription of use of medicines or commodity or supply.
6. ESSENTIAL MEDICINE
Commodity mngt cycle include:
1. Selection
2. Procurement
3. Distribution and storage
4. Issuing
Selection: Is rationale for selecting a limited number of essential
medicine, commodities and supplies that it may lead to better supply
,more rationale use and lower cost.
Distribution: Is a complex process that involve transferring
,transporting of health care commodities from one point to another
and monitoring and follow up mechanism and conclusion of
distribution process.
7. ESSENTIAL MEDICINE
Distribution process include:
1. Stock control –Inventory mngt
2. Stores management
3. Delivery of medicine into stores and health facility
4. Receiving and managing commodities and supplies by facilities.
Distribution cycle- done quarterly for dispensaries and health centers
and monthly for hospitals.
Storage: The aim of good commodity store mngt is to ensure that all
items are stored systematic safely ,secured and that quantity is
maintained to the time of issue or use.
8. ESSENTIAL MEDICINE
Storage guidelines:
1. Avoiding product contamination or deterioration
2. Avoid damage or disfiguration of item labels
3. Maintain package integrity
4. Preventing or reducing theft
5. Preventing infestation by pests
6. Stores commodity designated for specific dept.
7. Prevention of fire outbreak.
Inventory management cycle:
Order Receive Store Issue
9. ESSENTIAL MEDICINE
• Inventory management involve ordering, receving,storage and issuing
consumable or non consumable products.
Ordering:
Ordering for commodities occurs after qualification is done and
whether commodities fall below re-order level.
When commodities fall below re-order level,re-ordering or requesting
is done.
Standard forms for requesting supply- Counter requisition and issue
voucher S II for MOH.
Standard order forms for KEMSA
Consumption reports and request forms .e.g. facility consumption
date report and request forms.
10. ESSENTIAL MEDICINE
Deliveries and received commodity of supply- Receiving:
• The necessary action on delivery on receive of commodities and
supply are; Original copy of order and Delivery note to be compared
with original order and two document list should be the same.
• Count the actual paying attention to product packaging.
• When satisfied with physical condition of packaging ,product
description, batch no, expiry date ,you may then accept the shipment
and sign the delivery .
