PERSPECTIVE PROJECTION. ONE POINT, TWO POINT THREE PERSPECTIVE

2. ARCHITECTURE
GRAPHICS II
2 POINT PERSPECTIVE OF
OBJECTS

3. TWO POINT
PERSPECTIVE

4. TWO POINT
PERSPECTIVE

5. TWO POINT
PERSPECTIVE

6. TWO POINT
PERSPECTIVE

7. THREE POINT
PERSPECTIVE

8. THREE POINT
PERSPECTIVE

9. 2-Point perspective drawing
146 Arch. DaniaAbdel-Aziz

10. 2-Point perspective drawing
we are going to create a 2 Point Perspectiveview
drawing of our subject working from plan and
elevation view
STEP 1
147 Arch. DaniaAbdel-Aziz

11. 2-Point perspective drawing
STEP 2
The first line to draw will be the Picture Plane
148 Arch. DaniaAbdel-Aziz

12. 2-Point perspective drawing
STEP 3
Place the lower right corner of Plan View on the PP and rotate
it clockwise.The choice of 30° is arbitrary, but should provide
agood view
149 Arch. DaniaAbdel-Aziz

13. 2-Point perspective drawing
STEP 4
In Fig.4 we will locate the Station Point. Measure the
horizontal width of our Plan View (X) and double it.
Extend avertical line from the corner that touches the
Picture Plane downward. At two times X we will locate
the Station Point.
150 Arch. DaniaAbdel-Aziz

14. 2-Point perspective drawing
STEP 5
Draw lines for the Horizon and Ground Line Fig. 5.The
location of these lines are infinitely variable.
151 Arch. DaniaAbdel-Aziz

15. 2-Point perspective drawing
STEP 6
Draw 2 lines from the SP that are parallel to the bottom
edges of the Plan View Fig 6.The lines should intersect
with the PP (points a&b).Next draw vertical lines from
points a&b to the HL.The point where these vertical
lines intersect the HL is where the leftand right vanishing
points (VPL &VPR) will be located.
152 Arch. DaniaAbdel-Aziz

16. 2-Point perspective drawing
STEP 7
The last part of preliminary layout will be to placethe
Side Elevation view from Fig.1 onto the GL. Project aline
(orange dashed line b) from the top of the Elevation View
to the vertical Line Of Sight (LS) Fig. 7.
153 Arch. DaniaAbdel-Aziz

17. 2-Point perspective drawing
STEP 8
We are now ready to start projecting lines to the
vanishing points. Referring to Fig. 8,draw lines fromboth
vanishing points (VPL &VPR) to the top and bottom
reference points of our subject (points a&b).
154 Arch. DaniaAbdel-Aziz

18. 2-Point perspective drawing
STEP 9
To locate the vertical lines on our subject,draw lines
from the SP to corners a&b on the Plan View Fig. 9.At
the point where these lines intersect the PP,draw vertical
lines (orange dashed lines) downward to intersect the
vanishing point projection lines.
155 Arch. DaniaAbdel-Aziz

19. 2-Point perspective drawing
STEP 10
Using the same procedure as shown in Fig.9,find the
smaller features on the subject in both the Plan View and
the Elevation View (a &c) in Fig. 10.
156 Arch. DaniaAbdel-Aziz

20. 2-Point perspective drawing
STEP 11
Project the smaller features on the subject in both the Plan
View towards the vanishing point projection lines Fig. 11.
157 Arch. DaniaAbdel-Aziz

21. 2-Point perspective drawing
STEP 12
The last step is to darken the object's construction lines,
and heavyin the visible finaledge lines,to increase
readability Fig. 12.
158 Arch. DaniaAbdel-Aziz

22. Arch. DaniaAbdel-Aziz159
Thank you 

23. 30
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24. ARCHITECTURALGRAPHICSII
MODULE - 1

25. TERMINOLOGY
GroundPlane(GP):
Ground Plane is a horizontal plane representing
ground on which the object is assumed to be
placed.
Picture Plane(PP):
It is a vertical transparent plane on which the
perspective view of the object is projected. It is
placed in between the object and observer. The
front view of the perspective elements and of the
object (if necessary) may also be projected on the
PP.

26. TERMINOLOGY
Horizon Plane / HorizontalPlane (HP):
It is an imaginary horizontal plane at the level of the
observer’s eye or S. It is above and parallel to the
GPand perpendicular to thePP.
Stationpoint (S)(i.e., eye level):
Station point is the position of the observer’s eye.
Its position is fixed at any convenient distance
either from the picture plane or from the object.
Shape and visibility of edges of perspective
projection dependsupon the position ofS.

27. TERMINOLOGY
GroundLine(CL):
It isthe line of intersection of the GPwith the PP.
HorizonLine(HL):
It isthe line of intersection of HPwith PP.It is
parallel to GL.
Axisof Vision(AV) PerpendicularAxis(PA)/ Lineof
Sight:
It isaline drawn perpendicular to the PPfromS.

28. TERMINOLOGY
Centerof vision(C):
It isthe point at which the axisof visionpiercesthe
PP.Itisalsothe point of intersection of HLwith AV.
Central Plane(CP):
It isanimaginary vertical plane whichpasses
through the Sand C.Itis
perpendicular to both the PPand the GP.Itcontains
the Axis ofVision(Ay).
VanishingPoint(VP):
All the projections converge to apointknown as
VanishingPoint. RaviSivaprakashAP/MECHAAMEC
Kovilvenni

30. SCHEMATIC
PERSPECTIVE
VIEW

31. ONE POINT PERSPECTIVE
PROBLEM 1
A square prism , side of base 40 mm and height 60 mm
rests with its base on the ground s uch that one of its
rectangular facesis parallel to and 10 mm behind the
picture plane. The station point is 30 mm in front of PP,
80 mm above the ground plane and lies in acentral plane
45 mm to the right of the center of the prism. Draw the
perspective projection of the square prism.

32. PP
Problem1
40
a(a1)
c(c1))
+
30
S
45
ap cp
10
b(b1)
dp bp
Draw GLand project the
front view of the prism.
Height 60mm
GL
S’
a’(d’)
a’1(d’1) b’1(c’1)
b’(c’)
60
80
HL
A
A1
B
B1
C
C1
D
D1
RaviSivaprakashAP/MECHAAMEC
Kovilvenni

33. ONE POINT PERSPECTIVE
PROBLEM 2
A square prism of base 25 X 25 mm and height 40 mm
rests on the GPon one of its ends with a rectangular face
receding away from the PP towards right making 60°
with PP.The corner nearest to the PPis 40 mm to the left
of the station point and 20 mm behind the PP. The
station point is 60 mm above the GPand 50 mm in front
of the PP. Draw the perspective view of the prism by
visual ray method . Usethe top view and the front view.

34. PROBLEM 2

35. ONE POINT PERSPECTIVE
PROBLEM 3
A square pyramid of baseedge20 mm and altitude 40 mm
rests on its baseon the ground with abaseedgeparallel to
the picture plane. Theaxis of the pyramid is 25 mm behind
the PPand25 mm to the right of the eye.Theeyeis 50 mm in
front of the PPand50 mm abovethe ground. Draw its
perspective view.

36. PP
s 25
rq
50
S
25
sprp
p
pp
qp
GL
S’
p’1(q’1) s’1(r’1)
40
50
HL
O’
o’1
P’
Q’
S’
R’
o
op
PROBLEM 3

37. ONE POINT PERSPECTIVE
PROBLEM 5
Acuboid object with a length of 60mmandheight of 30mm
rests on its base on the ground with abase parallel to
the picture plane. Theoveralheightof the objectis 45mm.
Thelength of theprojection is 20 mm and height is 15mm. The
corner nearest to the PPis45 mm to the left of the
station point .The station point is 50 mm in front of the
PP.Draw the perspective view of the prism by visual ray
method. Usethe top view and the front view.

38. PROBLEM 5

39. ONE POINT PERSPECTIVE
PROBLEM 5
Steps provided for an L I G house consists of three treads
of 250 mm each and three rises of 150 mm each. The
length of the steps is 1000 mm. The steps are parallel to
the picture plane. The nearest face of the steps is 500
mm behind the PP.The station point is 2000 mm in front
of the PP and 1000 mm above the ground . The station
point lies in a central plane 1250 mm to the right of the
right extreme face of the steps. Draw the perspective
view of the steps.

40. PROBLEM 4
Treads
Rises

41. PP500
p(s) q(r)
2000
S
1250
s1 r1
q1p1
GL
S’
s’1
R’1
1000
HL
S’ R’
250
250
250
1000
150
150
150 P’ Q’
PROBLEM 5