This is a presentation about networking and classifictaion of networks by transmission media. (wired and wireless)

1. NETWORKING
Presented By: Kirti Kaushik (13)
Kalki Ramani (25)

2. WHAT IS NETWORK?
 Interconnection of two or more computers.
 Enables to communicate and share available
resources.

3. ADVANTAGES OF NETWORK
Increased speed.
Reduced cost.
Improved security.
Centralized software management.
Flexible access.
Redundancy

4. DISADVANTAGES OF NETWORK
High cost of installation.
Requires time for administration.
Failure of server.
Cable faults.

5. CLASSIFICATION OF NETWORKS BY
TRANSMISSION MEDIA
 The means through which data is transformed from one place to
another is called transmission media.
Transmission media
Wired/Guided Wireless/Unguided

6. WIRED MEDIA
 The connection is through set of wires/cables.
 The topology, size and the protocol of the network decides the
type of the cable used.
TYPES OF CABLES:
Cables
Coaxial cable
Twisted pair cable
Fibre optics cable

7. COAXIAL CABLES
 Very common in communication media.
 Both conductors are copper.
 Between the two conductors lies the insulator to shield the cable
from EMI.
 A final protective cover wraps the copper mesh.
 Coaxial cables vary by gauge and impedance.

8. ADVANTAGES
 Less expensive
 Less susceptible to EMI
 It is easy to wire
 Allows high transfer rates with better shielding materials
DISADVANTAGES
 It is expensive to install for longer distances
 In case of failure in one cable the entire network will be down

9. TWISTED PAIR WIRE
 Made by putting two separate insulated wires together in a
twisted pattern and running them parallel to each other.
 To help avoid signal interference and cross talk.
Twisted pair
cable
Unshielded Sheilded

10. UNSHIELDED TWISTED PAIR (UTP)
 No mesh shielding.
 Best option for LAN NETWORKS.
 UTP is common in Ethernet installations.

11. ADVANTAGES
 High speed
 Less expensive
 Smaller cable
 Easier to work with during installation
DISADVANTAGES
 susceptible to EMI
 not suitable for long-distance networking due to high
attenuation.

12. SHIELDED TWISTED PAIR (STP)
 Extra foil wrapping or mesh shielding to help shield the cable
signals from interference.
 Higher Transmission rate.
 Often used on networks using token ring topology.

13. ADVANTAGES
 High speed
 Resistant to interference
 High data security
DISADVANTAGES
 More expensive
 Difficult to install and maintain.
 Much bulkier so not flexible.

14. FIBRE OPTICS CABLE
 Contains strands of glass fibres inside an insulated casing.
 Transfers digital data signals in the form of light.
 Has high immunity of the effect of lighting.
 Broadens communication possibilities.

15. ADVANTAGES
Very fast
Less susceptible to interference
Low attenuation.
Low Security Risk
DISADVANTAGES
Very much expensive
Difficult to Install.
Fragility.

16. WIRELESS MEDIA
 Enable People To Communicate And Access Applications And
Information Without Wires.
 Provides Freedom Of Movement And The Ability To Extend
Applications To Different Parts Of A Building, City, Or Nearly
Anywhere In The World.
TYPES OF WIRELESS MEDIA
 Radio Wave Transmission.
 Microwave Transmission.
 Infrared Transmission.
 Satellite Transmission.

17. RADIO WAVE TRANSMISSION
 A Network That Uses Electromagnetic Waves Operates At Radio
Frequency And Its Transmissions Are Called Radio Wave
Transmission.
 The Host On Network Attaches To An Antenna That Can Receive
And Send Radio Frequency.
 They Are Omnidirectional.
 Useful For Multicasting.
 They Can Penetrate Through Object.
 Radio Wave Transmitted By One Antenna Can Be Interfered By
Another One Of Same Frequency.
 Frequency Range: Between 3 KHz And 1 GHz.
 Example: Television And Cordless Phone.

18. MICROWAVE TRANSMISSION
 Microwave Transmission Generally Use Point To Point
Communication.
 Able To Transmit Large Quantities Of Data.
 They Travel In Straight Line.
 They Cannot Penetrate Through Solid Objects.
 They Are Used For Long Distance Communication.
 A Source Can Be Directly Focused Without Interfering With The
Neighboring Transmission.
 Frequency Range: Between 1GHz And 300GHz
 Example: Cellular Phones And Garage Door Openers.

19. INFRARED TRANSMISSION
 Infrared Communication Of One Room Don’t Effect The Infrared
Communication Of Other Room.
 It Does Not Pass Through Object Well.
 Can’t Use Infrared Transmission Outside Because Of The
Interference By The Sun.
 Used For Short Range Transmission Where Transmitter Pointed
Towards The Receiver.
 Frequency Range: Between 300GHz And 400 THz.

20. TYPES OF INFRARED TRANSMISSION
POINT TO POINT
 It Is Also Known As Line Of Sight. There Should Be Straight Direct Line With
No Obstruction Between The Workstation And The Transceiver.
SCATTERED
 It Is A Broadcast Of Infrared Transmissions Sent Out In Multiple Directions
That Bounces Off Walls And Ceilings Until It Hits The Receiver.

21. SATELLITE TRANSMISSION
 When radiofrequency technology combine with satellite, it can
provide long distance connections.
 Satellite contains a transponder consisting of a radio receiver and
transmitter.
 Ground station on one side of ocean sends a signal to the
satellite (amplify and send that signal at different angle) that
arrive at the ground station of the other side.
 Easy to install and manage the ground station sites.
 It is used in wide variety of applications which include weather
forecasting, radio/TV signal broadcasting, gathering intelligence
in military

22. BIBLIOGRAPHY
 TEXTBOOK OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FOR MANAGERS BY
DR TEENA BAGGA, DR SANJEEV BANSAL, DR ANITA VENAIK.
 http://ecomputernotes.com/computernetworkingnotes/commun
ication-networks
 https://www.techwalla.com
 http://www.rfwireless-world.com
 https://www.computernetworkingnotes.com/ccna-study-
guide/types-of-wireless-network-explained-with-standards.html
 https://www.coursehero.com
 https://www.techopedia.com

23. THANK YOU