Description, treatment, of SLE

1. S Y S T E M I C L U P U
S
E R Y T H E M AT O S U
• T E A M M E M B E R S :
• J U A N F R A N C I S C O S A L A Z A R
Q U I N T A N I L L A .
• A L M A I S A B E L M E Z A T R I N I D A D .
• C H R I S T I A N A L E X A N D E R R E Y E S C R U Z .
• M A R I E V E L Y N V I C T O R I A M A S C O R R O
S O S A .

2. W H A T I S S Y S T E M I C
L U P U S
E R Y T H E M A T O S U S
( S L E ) ?
• Is the most common form of lupus — 70 % of people
with lupus have it. It's what most people mean when
they refer to "lupus".
• Can affect joints, skin, brain, lungs, kidneys, and blood
vessels in ways the cause inflammation.

3. W H O I S M O S T L I K E LY
T O S U F F E R F R O M
L U P U S ?
• While lupus can affect anyone, it is more common in
women. In fact, nine out of ten adults with the disease
are women.
I S L U P U S T R A N S M I T T E D
W I T H I N T H E F A M I LY ?
• According to the most recent research, genes
play an important role

4. TYPES OF LUPUS.
• Systemic lupus erythematosus: It is the most
common. It can be mild or severe, and can affect
many parts of the body.
• Discoid lupus: Causes a skin rash that does not go
away.
• Subacute cutaneous lupus: Causes blisters after
being in the sun
• Drug-induced lupus: It is caused by certain
medicines. Usually clears up when the medicine is

5. CAUSES.
• As an autoimmune disease, lupus occurs when the
immune system attacks healthy tissue in the body.
Lupus likely stems from a combination of genetics
and environment.
• Apparently, people who have a hereditary
predisposition to get lupus could develop the
disease when they come into contact with
something in the environment that can trigger
lupus. However, in most cases, the cause of lupus is

6. • Sunlight: Sun exposure could cause lupus lesions on the skin or trigger an
internal response in prone people.
• Infections : An infection can start lupus or cause a relapse in some people.
• Medicines: Lupus can be triggered by certain types of blood pressure
medications, seizure medications, and antibiotics. People with drug-induced
lupus usually get better when they stop. In rare cases, symptoms persist even
after stopping the medications.

7. Lupus can have many symptoms that differ from person to person.
Some of the most common are:
 Joint pain or swelling
 Muscle pain
 Fever with no known cause
 Red rashes on the skin, usually on the face and in the shape of
a butterfly
 Chest pain when you breathe deeply
 Hair loss
 Pale or purple fingers or toes
 Sensitivity to the sun
 Swelling in the legs or around the eyes
 Mouth ulcersInflamed glands
 Exhausted
Symptoms can come and go, this is called "flare-ups." Flare-ups
can be mild or severe, and new symptoms can appear at any time.
Which are the lupus signs?

8. How is lupus diagnosed?
There is no specific test for lupus, as it is often
mistaken for other diseases. It can take months or
years for a doctor to diagnose it. Your doctor can
use many tools to make a diagnosis, such as:
 Clinic history
 Comprehensive
exam
 Blood test
 Skin biopsy
 Kidney biopsy

9. Monitoring(management during
doctors visit should include:)
• History taking
• Physical exam
• Lab tests
• Complete blood count (CBC)
• Creatinine measurement
• Urinalysis
Results of Lab tests that may
precede a disease flare:
• Decrease in serum complete levels
• Increase in antidouble stranded DNA
• Decrease in hemoglobin level, leukocyte
or platelet counts
• Increase in creatinine phosphokinase
(CPK) levels
• Appearance of microscopic hematuria or
proteinuria
M A N A G E M E N T

10. Goals of Therapy
• Control disease manifestation
• Allow patient to have good quality of life
without major exacerbations
• Prevent serious organ damage that
adversely affects function or lifespan
• Prevent adverse effects of the drugs
used
T R E AT M E N T

11. Oral Corticosteroids
• Pt w/ mild SLE do not normally require use of systemic
corticosteroids but there are pts who have low quality
of life if not given low dose corticosteroids.
• Lowest possible dose should be used for maintenance
therapy
• High dose corticosteroids are necessary for refractory
maifestations of SLE & for severe organ systems
manifestations especially CNS, reanl & hematologic
manifestations.
• Decreases inflammation by suppression of the
immune system
Topical Corticosteroids
• Helpful for discord lesions especially on
the scalp
• Use a less potent steroid on the face
because it is more prone to atrophy
T R E AT M E N T: C O R T I C O S T E R O I D S

12. T R E AT M E N T: H Y D R O X Y C H L O R O Q U
I N E
• Used for skin and joint manifestations
• Also used for preventing flares and other constitutional symptoms
• Inhibits chemotaxis of eosinophils and locomotion of neutrophils and
impairs complement dependent antigen antibody reactions
• Recommended as background treatment for class III and IV SLE pts w/
nephritis

13. T R E AT M E N T: I M M U N O S U P P R E S S A
N T S
• Azathioprine
• Belimimab
• Cyclophosphamide
• IV Immunoglobulin (IVIg)
• Methotraxate

14. T R E AT M E N T: N S A I
D S
• Provide symptomatic refief of fever, arthritis & mild
serositis
• Inhibit inflammatory reactions & pain by decreasing
prostaglandin synthesis
• SLE pts have a high incidence of NSAID-induced
hepatotoxicity