The document discusses Toyota's Just-in-Time system including key concepts like supermarkets and kanban. It describes how supermarkets act as controlled inventory locations that provide needed parts when required. Kanban are visual signals that communicate needs for pickup, transport, and production between processes. Later processes take required parts from earlier processes, which then immediately replenish what was taken, ensuring a continuous flow of production and no excess inventory.
includes the followingBusiness Case InvestigationIdenti.docxannettsparrow
includes the following:
Business Case Investigation
Identify 4 employees to interview to support business analysis. For each employee, state the topic(s) used for questioning. The interview topics and responses will be used to influence future design.
A possible use case diagram for making an appointment and verifying parts availability
Identify the users of the system and requests into and out of the system.
Implementation resources needed for the project
Identify people and hardware. Human resources may include internal or external resources.
I am delighted to announce that Emily Johns will be starting at Appliance Warehouse today! Emily will be undertaking the role of Service Manager and will be the force behind creating our new service department.
Emily comes to us with 25 years of experience in the service repair industry. Emily began her career as a service technician and quickly moved through the ranks to the first female service manager in ABC Appliance Service Company's history. After 17 years, she went to work for Acme Appliance Repair. Over the last 8 years, the revenue for Acme increased by 200% after being stagnant for the preceding 5 years
Our new service manager starts work today! This is great news! As our business starts to expand, we must move our software project along.
need to talk to some of our employees to better understand the functionality and requirements for the proposed system. This is important because they are the key stakeholders of the system. list of employees who will want to interview. learn the process for scheduling an appliance repair appointment and how the parts are obtained for those repair visits. Also, it is important to understand what reports that managers are hoping to extract from the new system. I find it is helpful to write down questions prior to your meetings as to not forget the topics that you want to cover.
My suggestion is at least 10 questions per person prior to the meeting. Make sure to use open-ended questions (at least 7 questions) to get the employees talking. Also use closed response and range of response questions. I find that each type of question can provide valuable information and are quite useful in requirements gathering.
Please send the questions to me for at least two of the interviews.
We have previously used both the Joint Application Development technique and the Rapid Application Development technique. However, many colleagues of mine swear by the agile technique. Each of these methodologies offer up some great advantages. Since we need to get this project done as quickly as possible, which of these techniques should be used? I want to ensure that we've created software that will handle all of our users' requirements and that it is a robust system
I almost forgot to mention to also send a questionnaire out to the users of the proposed system.Should it be sent out to all employees or as a stratified or systematic sample?
18 hours ago
department in or.
includes the followingBusiness Case InvestigationIdenti.docxannettsparrow
includes the following:
Business Case Investigation
Identify 4 employees to interview to support business analysis. For each employee, state the topic(s) used for questioning. The interview topics and responses will be used to influence future design.
A possible use case diagram for making an appointment and verifying parts availability
Identify the users of the system and requests into and out of the system.
Implementation resources needed for the project
Identify people and hardware. Human resources may include internal or external resources.
I am delighted to announce that Emily Johns will be starting at Appliance Warehouse today! Emily will be undertaking the role of Service Manager and will be the force behind creating our new service department.
Emily comes to us with 25 years of experience in the service repair industry. Emily began her career as a service technician and quickly moved through the ranks to the first female service manager in ABC Appliance Service Company's history. After 17 years, she went to work for Acme Appliance Repair. Over the last 8 years, the revenue for Acme increased by 200% after being stagnant for the preceding 5 years
Our new service manager starts work today! This is great news! As our business starts to expand, we must move our software project along.
need to talk to some of our employees to better understand the functionality and requirements for the proposed system. This is important because they are the key stakeholders of the system. list of employees who will want to interview. learn the process for scheduling an appliance repair appointment and how the parts are obtained for those repair visits. Also, it is important to understand what reports that managers are hoping to extract from the new system. I find it is helpful to write down questions prior to your meetings as to not forget the topics that you want to cover.
My suggestion is at least 10 questions per person prior to the meeting. Make sure to use open-ended questions (at least 7 questions) to get the employees talking. Also use closed response and range of response questions. I find that each type of question can provide valuable information and are quite useful in requirements gathering.
Please send the questions to me for at least two of the interviews.
We have previously used both the Joint Application Development technique and the Rapid Application Development technique. However, many colleagues of mine swear by the agile technique. Each of these methodologies offer up some great advantages. Since we need to get this project done as quickly as possible, which of these techniques should be used? I want to ensure that we've created software that will handle all of our users' requirements and that it is a robust system
I almost forgot to mention to also send a questionnaire out to the users of the proposed system.Should it be sent out to all employees or as a stratified or systematic sample?
18 hours ago
department in or.
JIT, Kanban, Kaizen, Muda in TPS (Toyota Production System)Abdul Qadir Master
Prepared by Abdul Qadir, for Proj Procurement and Contracts Subject taken by Sir Usman Khalid, if anyone needs its report in document form can approach me at abdulqadirmail@gmail.com
JIT, Kanban, Kaizen, Muda in TPS (Toyota Production System)Abdul Qadir Master
Prepared by Abdul Qadir, for Proj Procurement and Contracts Subject taken by Sir Usman Khalid, if anyone needs its report in document form can approach me at abdulqadirmail@gmail.com
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)ClaraZara1
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressionsVictor Morales
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
Low power architecture of logic gates using adiabatic techniquesnooriasukmaningtyas
The growing significance of portable systems to limit power consumption in ultra-large-scale-integration chips of very high density, has recently led to rapid and inventive progresses in low-power design. The most effective technique is adiabatic logic circuit design in energy-efficient hardware. This paper presents two adiabatic approaches for the design of low power circuits, modified positive feedback adiabatic logic (modified PFAL) and the other is direct current diode based positive feedback adiabatic logic (DC-DB PFAL). Logic gates are the preliminary components in any digital circuit design. By improving the performance of basic gates, one can improvise the whole system performance. In this paper proposed circuit design of the low power architecture of OR/NOR, AND/NAND, and XOR/XNOR gates are presented using the said approaches and their results are analyzed for powerdissipation, delay, power-delay-product and rise time and compared with the other adiabatic techniques along with the conventional complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) designs reported in the literature. It has been found that the designs with DC-DB PFAL technique outperform with the percentage improvement of 65% for NOR gate and 7% for NAND gate and 34% for XNOR gate over the modified PFAL techniques at 10 MHz respectively.
Low power architecture of logic gates using adiabatic techniques
Jit kanban supermarket
1. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
1
Concept of JIT, Super Market & KanBan
2. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
2
Just-in-Time
Established by Kiichiro Toyoda, the founder of the Company.
“Just-in-Time” means, simply enough, supplying the right
parts, at exactly the right time and in exactly the right amount.
Part Needed
At Time Needed
In Amounts Needed
3. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
3
Where a customer can get-
(1) what is needed
(2) at the time needed
(3) in the amount needed
Therefore the supermarket is a place where we can buy according to need
What is a Super-Market
4. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
4
Supermarkets
Supermarket
• A controlled level of inventory with a specific location for each
item to give what is required, when it is required and how much
is required.
Application
• Is used to buffer one process from the other process where
continuous flow (one piece flow) is not feasible.
5. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
5
1st Step The Later Process (Customer) goes to the earlier
Process (Super-market)
2nd Step Acquire the required items (Commodities) at the time
and in the required quantities needed
3rd Step The earlier process immediately produces the quantity
just taken ( restocking the shelves)
How does the Super-Market
function?
6. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
6
Analogy between the Super-Market
function and Manufacturing
Manufacturing
Latter process goes to acquire
required parts at the time and
quantity needed
Earlier process immediately
produces the quantity just
taken
Super market
Customer goes to supermarket
Picks up commodities as per
his need
Supermarket restocks the
shelves
7. Supermarket & KanBan Concept
SUPER MARKET
SUPER MARKET WAREHOUSE
FACTORY & WAREHOUSE
8. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
8
Translating Super market
concept to product
How to operate super-market in production environment?
Applying Concept of Kanban
9. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
9
Translating Super market
concept to product
What is a Kanban ?
- A simple Visual Tool which communicates the needs
- Carries information
10. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
10
Translating Super market
concept to product
What information ?
(1) Pick up information
(2) Transfer information
(3) Production information
11. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
11
Functions of kanban
1. Provides pick-up or transport information.
2. Provides production information.
12. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
12
Functions of kanban (Contd.)
3. Prevents overproduction and excessive
transport.
4. Serves as a work order attached to goods.
13. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
13
Functions of kanban (Contd.)
5. Prevents defective products by identifying the
process making the defectives.
6. Reveals existing problems and maintains
inventory control.
14. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
14
Translating Super market
concept to manufacturing
How does it work ?
15. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
15
FLOWCHART…
PARTS
STORAGE
&
DISPATCH
C
U
S
T
O
M
E
R
Sub-
Assembly
Assembly
Machining
MATERIAL
STORAGE
SHIPPING
KANBAN
POST
PRODN
KANBAN
POSTS
16. Customer
Warehouse
Assembly Line
Finished Goods
Storage
Assembly parts storage Purchased parts
storage
Subassembly Line
Finished parts storage
Subassembly
parts storage
Parts Storage
Parts Storage
Raw material & purchased
parts storage
Suppliers
KANBAN ROUTES IN A FACTORY
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
P
P
M
M M
M
M
P
P
P
Sub-
Assembly
Line Parts
Fabricatio
n line
P : Production Card
M : Movement Card
Parts
Fabrication
Line
17. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
17
Rules
1. Later process picks up the number of items
indicated by the kanban at the earlier process.
2. Earlier process produces items in the quantity
and sequence indicated by the kanban.
18. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
18
3. No items are made or transported without a
kanban.
4. Always attach a kanban to the goods.
Rules (Contd.)
19. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
19
5. Defective products are not sent on to the
subsequent process. The result is 100% defect-
free goods.
6. Reducing the number of kanban increases their
sensitivity.
Rules (Contd.)
20. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
20
To increase his productivity,
the first principle a Toyota
employee remembers is to
maintain a bright, efficient
work environment - a
pleasant place for him to do
his job - by clearing and
arranging his own worksite
himself.
Tools to Implement Kanban - The “Four S’s”
Seiri = clearing
Seiton = arrangement
Seiso = sweeping and
washing
Seiketsu = cleanliness
21. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
21
Seiri = clearing Seiton = arrangement Seiso = sweeping and
washing
Seiketsu = cleanliness
Tools to Implement Kanban - The “Four S’s”
(Contd.)
22. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
22
*Seiri means to decide what things you need and what you do
not need, and then get rid of the things you don’t need.
*Seiton means to arrange the things which you need so that
they can be easily used.
*Seiso means to sweep and wash everything cleanly.
*Seiketsu is the overall neatness that results when the
previous three S’s are followed consistently.
Tools to Implement Kanban - The “Four S’s”
(Contd.)
23. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
23
4S’s also play role in discovering muda
The 4S’s aid in the
elimination of muda (waste).
With “a place for everything
and everything in its place,”
unnecessary parts,
equipment and other
materials are easy to identify.
24. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
24
A dirty workplace is dangerous
They are also important to safety.
25. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
25
Safety always comes first
There is one basic rule that
always comes first - the
safety of each person’s work
environment must always be
preserved. At Toyota, safety
always comes before every
other consideration.
26. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
26
KANBAN
Production Ordering
Kanban
(In-Process Kanban)
Withdrawal Kanban
Types of Kanbans
27. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
27
Production
Ordering
Kanban
Ordinary Production
Kanban
For production other than lot
production
For lot production
Triangular Kanban
Types of Kanbans
28. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
28
Withdrawal
Kanban
Interprocess
withdrawal
Kanban
Types of Kanbans
Supplier Kanban
29. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
29
Withdrawal Kanban
33. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
33
Parts Supply Management
By
Ram Mohan
IN-O-Tech Engineers & Consultants
Delhi
34. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
34
System for Parts Procurement
•Rolling Material requirement plan is issued monthly
for next 3 months to suppliers based on market
demand
35. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
35
System for Parts Procurement
•No of Kanbans required for next month is informed to
the suppliers
36. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
36
Material requirement program
deploying Kanban
Production
Program
Bill of
Material
Calculation of
material
required
List of Material
requirement
Program
No of
Kanbans in
use
Kanban
Information
37. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
37
Relationship -shorter lead time and Just -in -Time Production
Production day
order parts Long Lead time
Production day
order parts Short Lead time
Time
More parts
Less
parts
38. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
38
Control of Parts Supply
Daily part supply is controlled by
Kanban
Lead time -Most of the cases within
one day
39. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
39
Control of Parts Supply through Kanban
40. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
40
Transportation Methodology
Forms and Methods
1. Short Distance -Inter plant Transportation
( less than 100 Kms - Basically transported
by Toyota)
2. Long distance Inter Plant Transportation
( Independent Transporters)
41. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
41
Transportation Methodology
Forms and Methods
3. Purchase Parts Transportation
a. by Toyota
b. Supplier Truck
c. Independent Transporters
42. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
42
Basic Concept in
Transportation
Transportation plays the role of a conveyor
Transfers
What is needed
at a time when needed
as much as needed
43. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
43
Achieving Transportation by
Succeeding shop- Fundamental Principle
Elimination of Muda
Transferring what is needed ,at a time
when needed and as much as need
Result - Just in time Supply
End objective elimination of anti productive
factors like excessive inventory
44. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
44
Know-How to lower Transportation Cost
and Inventory
1. Utilisation of Returning Truck
Pallet standardisation
relay- Truck system
Toyota Supplier A
sell raw material and parts
purchase parts and sub-
assembly
45. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
45
Know-How to lower Transportation Cost
and Inventory
46. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
46
Elimination of Muda, Mura and Muri
Supply 1/day
Supply 4t/day
Excess inventory
Leveled production
47. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
47
Side Loading- different
bins/suppliers and easy to load
Part Supply truck
49. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
49
Parts Supply FIFO
50. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
50
Parts Supply FIFO
51. Material Source: Toyota Training Handouts@ Ram Mohan Ino-Tech Engineers.&Consultants
51
Parts Supply Schematic
Flow
Buffer Area
Receiving area/line side
direct supply
No Separate Stores
Supplier
Customer