Wordplay in poetry, Figures of speech, Simile,Metaphor ,Metonymy, Synecdoche, Pun, Conceit, Personification ,Apostrophe, Allegory

1. WORDPLAY IN POETRY

2. Prepared By
Mr. Jitendra B. Patil
Assistant Professor of English
Pratap College Amalner
Dist – Jalgaon (Maharashtra)
Pin-425401 Mob.- 919421655091
Email- jitendrapca@gmail.com

3.  Wordplay in poetry means employing applying flexible and imaginative
approach to meanings and arrangements of words.
 It involves tropes and schemes.

4. Tropes: A figure or metaphorical device, usually as part of a deliberate
rhetoric where an image standing for something else. the term is often used
to refer to an extended metaphor where the scheme of likeness is carried on
through several related images.
 Simile
 Metaphor
 Metonymy
 Synecdoche
 Pun
 Conceit
 Personification
 Apostrophe
 Allegory

5. Simile

6.  Definitions:
 Comparison drawn between two distinct objects or ideas connected with
as or like.
 It is an explicit comparison express the use of some word or phrase such
as 'like', 'as',' than', 'similar to', 'resembles', or 'seems’.
 Example:
Does it dry up
Like a raisin in the sun?
Or fester like a sore
And then run?

7. Metaphor

8.  Definition:
Comparison that speaks of an idea object as if it is another.
 Example:
All the World's a stage
And all the men and women merely players
They have their exits and their entrances
And one man in his time plays many parts

9. Metonymy
(Greek meaning change of name)

10.  Definitions:
 When something associated with an object or idea stands in for the idea itself.
 In metonymy, the name of the thing is replaced by the name of an attribute of it
or something else closely associated with it
 Example:
 A hand unhooked the chain (part for the whole. The man did it, not the hand by
itself)

11. Synecdoche
(Greek meaning 'taking up with, interpreting together')

12.  Definition:
A form of metonymy in which one part of an object or Idea stands for the whole
of that object of Idea.
 Example:
I should have been a pair of ragged claws scuttling across the floors of silent
seas.

13. Pun

14.  Definitions:
 Wordplay that depends on a similarity in sound but a difference in
meaning.
 A pun is usually a play on words where two distinct meanings are
suggested either by the same word or by two similar sounding words
 Example :
He checked his cash. Cashed in his checks,
And latest window. Who is next?

15. Conceit

16.  Definition:
when a metaphor is extended and explored so that it becomes the governing idea of
a poem.
 Example:
If they be two, they are two so
As stiff twin compasses are two;
Thy soul, the fixed foot, makes no show
To move, but doth, If the other do.

17. Personification

18.  Definition:
When an abstract concept for inanimate object is given human attributes.
 Example:
 Sky lowered and muttering thunder some sad drops
Wept at completing of the mortal sin.
 A ghost of time to rise.
Death lays his icy hands on kings.

19. Apostrophe

20.  Definition:
A vocalized address made in a poem directed at an inanimate object abstract concept
for an absent figure
 Example:
O death! where is thy sting? O grave! where is thy victory?

21. Allegory

22.  Definition:
 an extended metaphor in which events and actions within a narrative employee a
separate series of events and action outside the poem
 Example:
John Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress

23. Schemes
 Anaphora
 Epistrophe
 Chiasmus
 Anastrophe
 Zeugma
 Syllepsis

24. Anaphora

25.  Definition:
Repeating words at the beginning of successive phrases or clauses.
 Example:
It is not the streets that exist. It is the streets that no longer exist.

26. Epistrophe

27.  Definition:
 The repetition of words at the end of successive phrases or clauses.
 Example:
 May God bless you. May God keep you. May he make His face to shine upon you.
 Face the dawn, fear the dawn, own the dawn.

28. Chiasmus

29.  Definition:
two successive phrases and clauses which around to create a cross shape.
 Example:
I must love her, that loves not me
Love still I love her, that loves me
I should love her, who loves not me
If she e whom I love, should love me

30. Anastrophe

31.  Definition:
The jumbling of parts of a sentence or phrase.
 Examples:
False was the whispered word.

32. Zeugma

33.  Definition:
When one word refers in the same way to two or more other words in a phrase.
 Example:
With weeping eyes and broken heart.

34. Syllepsis

35.  Definition:
A zeugma in which the governing word applies differently to each of the referent words.
 Example:
Fix the problem, not the blame.

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