This document contains an English grammar lesson covering various topics: - Present Perfect tense with "there is/there are" - Future tense of "have to" - Introduction to the passive voice - Examples and exercises for different grammar points - Bibliography listing English grammar reference websites The document provides explanations, examples, and fill-in-the-blank exercises to practice various English grammar concepts for students learning English. It covers topics such as verbs, tenses, voice, modals, and quantifiers.

1. SCHOOL OF AGRICULTURE OF NORTHEASTERN
EANOR
 ENGLISH
 TEACHER OSCAR GARCIA
Practice English
 RAMIREZ VENTURA JHONATAN ESTUARDO
 5TO P.A
 GROUP 3
PLAINS FORGE, ZACAPA 12 THE MARCH 2015

2. Presente Perfect : 'There is, there
are'
 Tiene el significado de "haber". Se forma con "there" seguido del presente del
verbo "to be" en singular o plural, según corresponda.
 There is a book Hay un libro
 There are some books Hay unos libros
 'There is' se utiliza con los sustantivos contables en singular y con sustantivos
incontables.
 'There are' se utiliza con los sustantivos contables en plural.
 Exercise:
 There is no sense in crying __________________
 There is no point in waiting _________________

3. Future tense of have to
Future tense of have to expresses an action or situation that will occur in
the future. This tense is formed by using will/shall with the simple form of the
verb.
 The surgeon is going to perform the first bypass in Minnesota.
 We can also use the present tense form with an adverb or adverbial
phrase to show future time.
 The president speaks tomorrow. (Tomorrow is a future time adverb.)
 Exercise
 The speaker of the House will finish her term in May of
1998._______________
 The future tense can also be expressed by using am, is, or are with
going to._________________

4. Introduction to the passive voice
 Passive Voice
 Mice are eaten by cats.
 Although the passive voice is less common than the active voice, there are several
good reasons to sometimes use the passive. On this page we look at how to
construct the passive voice and when and why to use it. (For a basic explanation of
the difference between active and passive, please see voice.)
 How do we make the passive?
 The basic structure of a passive clause is very simple:
 subject + auxiliary verb
 be + main verb
 past participle + by + agent
 Exercise:
 I am employed by Apple. ______________________
 You will be woken at 6. _______________________

5. Present Simple Passive
We use passive forms when we emphasize the action of the predicate.
The verb (drink.drank.drunk) is used in its past participle form or regular
verbs increasing ed, play -. Played.
The structure will be Object + auxiliary to be (am / is / are), verb in past
participle form + subject.
 Exercise:
 Many people read this writer's articles.
 Jackie milks the cows every morning.

6. Past Perfect Tense + yet / already
 Present Perfect Tense - Already and Yet
 Already means that something happened earlier than we expected. With Present Perfect already usually goes after have or
has and before the main verb.
 Examples
 - We've already had our breakfast.
 - When are you going to do your homework?
 - No, thanks. I've already had one."
 Yet means that something that we expected has happened or hasn't happened. We usually put it at the end of a sentence.
 Examples
 - Has the post arrived yet?
 - Have you done your homework?
 - Haven't you got ready yet? Look at the time!
 Exercise:
 I haven't phoned home _______ Christmas
 We've been here ________ nine o'clock.

7. Quantifiers how much/ how many/
to much
some/ any Los cuantificadores indican la cantitad de un nombre. Son repuestas a la pregunta "¿Cuántos?".
Al igual que los artículos, los cuantificadores definen a un nombre y siempre están situados
delante del nombre. Algunos se pueden usar sólo con nombres contables, otros, sólo con Many
 Many: Expresa la idea de gran cantidad. Es utilizado sobretodo en frases negativas e
interrogativas con el nombre contable en plural. Se puede usar "many" en frases afirmativas,
aunque no es muy común. Normalmente, usamos otros cuantificadores como "a lot."nombres
incontables y otros, con ambos.
 There are not many tourists.
 Much: Como "many", expresa la idea de gran cantidad y es utilizado sobretodo en frases
negativas e interrogativas. La diferencia con "many" es que usamos "much" sólo con nombres
incontables en singular. Se puede usar "much" en frases afirmativas, aunque sería más formal y no
tan común.
 We have much to do!
 Exercise:
 How many cats do you have? _________________
 How much money does he have? ______________

8. Some / any
 Some: Se utiliza tanto para los nombres o sustantivos contables en
singular como para los nombres o sustantivos contables en plural. Se
usa en frases afirmativas e interrogativas (para afirmar algo); se
sustituye "any" en frases negativas o interrogativas. Significa una
cantidad indefinida, pero limitada.
 She has some apples
 Any: Se utiliza en los mismos contextos que "some," pero en frases
negativas o interrogativas.
 I do not have any cats.
 Exercise:
 He does not have any money. _______________
 Are there some tourists? ___________________

9. Must / Might
 Might (past form of may):Used to suggest a smaller possibility than may does (actually, might is more
common than may in American English):
 He might have finished it.
 I might go see a doctor.
 I might not come this time.
 Must: Used to express something formally required or necessary:
 I must complete the project by this week.
 The government must provide health care for everybody.
 Everyone must save the natural resources of the earth.
 The building must have a fire alarm.
 Exercise:
 There must be an accident. _________________________
 She must be very tired. ____________________________
 You might have lost it. ______________________________
 The store might have been closed today. ______________

10. Simple Past of Can
 Simple Past of Can: La forma del verbo can en Simple Past es could y
es la misma para todas las personas. Como es un verbo modal, la
forma negativa no precisa el verbo to do sino que se forma
simplemente añadiendo not, que contraído es n't.
 could - could not - couldn't
 I can ski I could ski ten years ago
 Exercise:
 I can't sleep I couldn't sleep last night ____________________
 You can speak English very well. Can you speak
French?_________________
 You could understand him perfectly. Could you understand
her?_____________

11. Reported Speech
 Reported Speech (El estilo directo y indirecto): Cuando queremos
comunicar o informar de lo que otra persona ha dicho, hay dos
maneras de hacerlo: utilizando el estilo directo o el estilo indirecto.
Cuando queremos informar exactamente de lo que otra persona ha
dicho, utilizamos el estilo directo. Con este estilo lo que la persona ha
dicho se coloca entre comillas ("...") y deberá ser palabra por palabra.
 Ejemplos:
 I am going to London next week," she said.
 Do you have a pen I could borrow," he asked.
 Exercise:
 Alice said, "I love to dance. _________________
 Chris asked, Would you like to have dinner with me tomorrow night
__________

12. Verbs Can, mustn´t, have to
Can: Is one of the most commonly used modal verbs in English. It can be used to express
ability or opportunity, to request or offer permission, and to show possibility or
impossibility.
 Examples:
 I can ride a horse. Ability
 Exercise:
 She cannot stay out after 10 PM. Permission _____________
 Can you hand me the stapler? Request ________________
 Mustn´t: We use must not to say that something is not permitted or allowed, for
example:subject + must not + main verb
 Passengers must not talk to the driver.
 Exercise:
 I mustn't forget my keys. _____________________
 You mustn't disturb him. _____________________

13. Have to
 Have To
 "Have to" is used to express certainty, necessity, and obligation.
 Examples:
 This answer has to be correct. Certainty
 Exercise:
 The soup has to be stirred continuously to prevent burning.
Necessity _______________
 They have to leave early. Obligation ________________

14. Bibliografia
 http://leo.stcloudstate.edu/grammar/tenses.html
 http://www.vitutor.com/gramatica_inglesa/verbs/there_is.html
 https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbs-voice-passive.htm
 https://espanol.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090608152301AAiuf5
W
 http://www.curso-ingles.com/gramatica-inglesa/few.php
 http://www.eclecticenglish.com/grammar/PresentPerfect1C.html
 http://www.mailxmail.com/curso-ingles-nivel-intermedio/simple-past-verbo-can
 http://www.curso-ingles.com/gramatica-inglesa/reported.php
 https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbs-modals-have-to-must-not-3.htm
 http://www.englishpage.com/modals/haveto.html