2. z
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
1
Human development
Significant Changes in
Adolescence
2
Health Concerns
Concerns Related to Physical
Changes
3
Coping Skills
Health Appraisal and
Screening Procedures
3. zClarify new terms and concepts.
Ø Is it your responsibility
to use health information
wisely to guide your day
to day activities ?
Ø When do you start to
live a healthy and happy
life ?
Ø How do your health
habits and daily practices
greatly affect the status of
your future health ?
Ø How do you practice
positive health behaviors
based on knowledge and
healthy attitudes?
4. z
HEALTH
HEALTH – is a state
of physical, mental
or inteleectual,
emotional, social,
moral-spiritual and
environmental well-
being, and not
merely the absence
o disease or infirmity.
HEALTH – is a resource
for everyday life, not the
object of living, and is a
positive
concept emphasizing
social and
personal resources as
well as
physical capabilities.
5. z
zPhysical Health
It means how well your body
functions.
It is state of well-being when
all internal and external
body parts, organs, tissues
and cells can function
properly as they are
supposed to function.
It includes being physically
fit, eating nutriously, and
eating adequate rest and
sleep.
6. z
MentalHealth
• Means being a lifelong learner
bycontinuously wanting tp learn new
things and improve one's skills.
• A mentally healty person is open to
new ideas, and experiences that
can improve life, family, and
environment.
• HE / she is aware of his or her own
abilities, can cope normal stresses
in life, able to work regularly and
productively, and is also able to
contribute for the improvement of
community.
7. z
z
Social Health
Refers to how well you get along with other
people, how other people react and how you
interact with social institutions.
It involves your ability to form satisfying
interpersonal relationships with others.
It also relates to your ability to adapt
comfortably to different social situations and
act appropriately in a variety of situations.
8. z
z
Emotional
Health
Involves understanding and liking
yourself as well as accepting and
learning from your mistakes.
It refers to how well you meet the
demands of daily life and how you
adjust to new situations.
It also means expressing your
happiness, love, joy, and hope as
well as your sadness, anger, stress
and fear in healthful productive
ways.
9. z
z
Moral-
Spiritual
Health
Means being at peace and in a harmony with
yourself, others and a higher power.
It refers to your religion, principles, personal
beliefs, values and faith. It involves a sense that
life has meaning and purpose and that you are in
harmony with your purpose in life.
10. z
Environmental
Health
Means that understanding of the
effect to ourselves of the air, the
water, and the land that surround
us.
To recognize the impact of
environmental and human-
made hazards and the ability to find
ways on how to protect ourselves
and the ecological systems against
these hazards is important.
11. z
Health
Dimensions
Overall good health and wellness are inter-
dependent on six dimensions.
Being healthy is much more than a sick. Your
health is made up of physical, mental, social,
spiritual-moral and environmental resources
that allow you to live a satisfying and
productive life. Optimal health indicates a high
level of functioning and is often characterized
by vitality, a zest for life and a sense of
harmony with nature and humanity.
13. z Human development
Is a lifelong process of physical, mental, emotional, social ,
moral-spiritual and environmental growth and change.
In the early stages of life, from babyhood to childhood, childhood
to adolescence and adolescence to adulthood – great changes
to take place.
Throughout the process, each person develops attitudes and
values that guide choices, relationships, and understanding.
14. zSocial development of human beings
by Erik H. Erikson –a developmental psychologist
Infancy- First stage which starts at
birth to one year of age. An infant
is dependent and establishing trust
to one who takes care of him but
there is no fulfillment it will lead
into feeling of mistrust.
Early childhood- second stage,
focusing on developing a greater
sense of personal control. He or
she performs basic actions and
simple decisions that make him or
her secure and confident, while
those who do not are left with a
sense of inadequacy and self-
doubt.
15. z
Preschool children- need to
begin asserting control and
power over the environment.
In success stage, it leads to a
sense of purpose, the failure
results in a sense og guilt.
School age- develops sense of
pride in their accomplishments
and abilities, competence, and
beliefs in their skills. Those
who receive little or
no encourage from the others
will doubt their abilities to be
successful.
16. z
Adolescence- explore and develop a
sense of self. Those who remain unsure
of their beliefs and desires will feel
insecure and confused about
themselves and the future.
Young adult- stage in state of exploring
personal relationships, develops
closeness and committed relationships
with other. Those who are successful at
this step will form relationships that are
committed and secure. While those
poor sense of self tend to have less
committed relationships to suffer
emotional isolation, loneliness and
depression.
17. z
Adulthood- stage focuses
on career and family.
They feel that they are
contributing to the world
by being active in their
home and community.
Old age- is focused on
reflecting back on life if
with few regrets and a
general feeling of
satisfication.
19. zAdolescence
Is a stage to determine your identity.
Identity means how a person sees
himself in relation to his world. It
means a sense of self or individuality
in the context of life and what is
going to happen in the future.
The adolescent learns to …....
negotiate new responsibilities,
evolving relationships and a new
sense of self.
The process of adolescent can be
challenging and something
overwhelming.
As you grow up, being healthy is not
only your concern, it is also changes
in physical, mental, emotional, social,
moral-spiritual and environmental
dimensions which occur in
adolescent development. Try to
identify the general changes in your
adolescence period.
20. z
Significance
changes in
yourself
because you
are now in
another stage of
life-----
Adolescence
Physical changes
The reproductive organs of both boys and girls grow
and develop.
1. Primary Sex Characteristics – are those directly
related to sex organs, whereas secondary sex
characteristics include every changes that is not
directly related to sexual.
2. Secondary sex Characteristics—are changes not
directly related to sexual reproduction. Some of the
21. z
Physical changes
Boys Common
Changes
Girls
• - The voice becomes
deeper.
• - the adam's apple
become wider than the
hips.
• -grows on the face,
body and public area.
• -The skin on the upper
arms and thighs
becomes rough
• - There is a rapid
increase in height and
weight.
• The head, hands feet
grow faster, first, then
the arms and legs.
• Body composition-
muscles develop
rapidly
• Muscles grow
• Body fat increases,
although the increase
in girls body fat is more
than boys.
• Breast develop
• The hips become wider
than the shoulders.
• Hair gows on the under
arm and pubic area.
22. z
Boys Common
Changes
Girls
- There is sudden
increase in harmone
production.
- Bones develop and
become harder
- Sweat and oil glands
become more active.
23. z
Mental or
Intellectual
Changes
Adolescents are egocentric; they argue to
convince, and exhibit, independent, critical
thought.
Adolescents prefer active and cooperative
learning activities over passive learning
experiences.
Enjoy learning skills to apply to real life problems
and situations.
Have a tendency to become bored with routine
activities; they need to be challenged.
Capable of thingking critically helping them to
think thoughts with their actions.
24. z
Emotional changes
Have a erratic emotions and
behaviors, mood swings is mostly
experienced.
Have a emotions that are frightening
and poorly understood, often
triggered by harmonal imbalance,
may cause regression to more
childish behavior patterns.
As part of being moody and restless,
they are introspective and often feel
self-conscious, alienated and a lack
of self-esteem.
25. z
Easily offended and sensitive
to critism, vulnerable to one-
sided arguments.
Exaggerate
simple occurrences and
believe that personal issues
are unique to themselves.
Believe that nobody
understands them, striving
for a sense of
individual uniqueness in their
search for identity
Boys are also sexually active;
therefore, they are prone to
participate in risky behaviour
sue to the sudden increase in
the manufacture of hormones,
become more aggressive.
Girls become self-conscious
because of the changes that
are happening to them,
giving them a feeling of
insecurity and discomfort.
Early maturing boys are
usually taller and stronger;
they have a good body image,
so they are moree confident,
secure and independent.
26. z
Social
Changes
Adolescents experience social changes in
relationship with others. Personal-social concerns
dominate, while academics become secondary.
The adolescent is becoming more mature and less
like a child.
The adolescent may act out unusual or
drastic behavior. At times, he or she may be
aggressive, daring, boisterous and argumentative.
Being rebellious towards parents, but still strongly
depend on parental values.
Negative interactions with peers, parents, and
teachers may compromise ideals and commitments.
27. z
Desire love and acceptance from
significant adults.
Enjoy with friends, who share the same
interest with them so they stay longer
with them after school.
Loyal to peer group values and
sometimes cruel and insensitive to those
outside the peer group.
Idolize peers and media role
personalities as source for standards of
behavior, dress, and style.
28. zMoral- Spiritual Changes
Adolescents explore the moral and ethical issues
Explore and ask broad unanswerable questions about
the meaning of life.
They are reflective, introspective, and analytical about
their thoughts and feelings.
Depend on influences of home and religious
institutions for moral and ethical choices and
behaviors.
Try to find out who they are and analyze their
strengths and weaknesses resulting to
understand themselves better and learn to accept and
like themselves, including their weaknesses.
29. z
Learn that houses rules imposed by their parents and there to
promote order and harmony at home.
Begin to distinguish between rules that are negotiable and those
that are non-negotiable. Non-negotiable rules, like smoking, are
imposed because they are for their own good.
30. z
These are the
common questions
asked at your age.
You may
experience
significant changes
in yourself
because you are
now in another
stage of life-
adolescence
What are the common questions that
arise when you reach the puberty?
Do you worry about would be in the
future?
As an adolescent, what are the
problems that you encountered? What
are your ways to solve these
problems?
31. z Health concerns /
Concerns Related to Physical Changes
Health concerns
Concerns in Postural
Body Odor
Dental Problems
Lack of Sleep
Concerns Related
to Physical Changes
Health concerns related to
mental changes
Health concerns related to
emotional changes
Health concerns related to
sexual changes
32. z
z
Dealing with health concerns
Concern in postural
You notice a great variation in the size and
shape of adolescents of the same age.
This variation can be a source of concern
among teenagers who compare
themselves with others.
Good posture helps maintain body alignment.
It helps the bones and muscles to continue to
grow properly during adolescence.
33. z
Body odor
During the early teen years , the
sweat glands become more
active. When teenagers playb
actively or engage in sports or
other physical activities, they
tend to perspire profusely.
Sweat glands are
numerous under the arms and
any bacteria under the arms may
act on perspiration and cause an
unpleasant body odor.
34. z
If you do not practice proper hygiene, then
you might have body odor. Take a bath or
shower daily. Soap and water will remove
bacteria and excess oil on the skin. Apply
deodorant or antiperspirant daily. Be sure to
bring extra clothes and change when
needed. These may prevent unpleasant
body odor.
35. z
Dental
problems
The common dental problems of teenagers include dental carries or
tooth decay, halitosis or bad breath, and gingivitis or swelling of the
gums. Both dental caries and gingivitis can lead to halitosis.
It is important to remember that all these are brought about by not
bruishing, poor tooth brushing skills and drinking drinks and eating
sweets frequently.
36. z
Dental problems can
also be prevented
by doing the following:
Eating nutrious food.Eating
Limiting between-meal snacks, especially sweet and sticky foodsLimiting
Brushing and flossing to remove plaque or tartar
Brushing a
nd flossing
Visiting the dentsist regularly, at least twice a year.Visiting
37. z
Lack of sleep
While sleeping, the body
gets a chance to rest.
Although most body
activities slow down while
sleeping, some remain
active.
The pituitary gland
releases more harmones,
like growth hormones,
when one is asleep. Body
cells grows and
repair themselves more
rapidly during sleep.
38. z
Teenagers need to nine to ten hours sleep
each night to feel well and rested. So you
should refrain from staying late at night playing
computer games, watching television or just
staying awake doing something. Insufficient
sleep has negative effects on your growth and
development.
40. z Concerns with relationships
Effective communication involves exchanging ideas, feelings and viewpoints,
and talking and listening skills.
How skill applies to some events / situations in your lives.
If you and another person disagree on something, listen to what he/she has to
say and let her/him know your point of view. In this effective communication will
take place, thus preventing miscommunication.
If you are out with friends, let your parents know where you are. Let them know
and ask permission if you change of plans, like staying late with friends or
sleeping over in your friend's house. This will show your parents that you are
acting responsibly and safely. Communicating with them in that way will bring
about good relationship.
41. z
Health
concerns
related to
Mental
Changes
Your thinking skills develop, and you can see and understand
other people's point of view.
Mental health concerns in adolescents may be caused by
heredity, head injury or chemical imbalance. It may also be
caused by stress, death of a loved one, or separation anxiety.
Mental health concerns could be feeling things are hopeless,
being tearful or lacking motivation.
Having trouble coping with everyday activities, showing sudden
changes in behavior, avoiding friends or social contact, trouble in
eating or sleeping, poor performance in school.
Being aggressive or anti-social - for example, missing school or
stealing are some other characteristics.
42. z
Health concerns related to emotional changes
Your emotions and feeling also go through changes during adolescence and may experience
these problems:
Mood / swings intense
emotions.
You may be happy at
one moment, then feel
sad the next. This
mood swing might be
understood by friends
or family.
Moodiness among girls
may be due to
changes in their
estrogen level while
boys, it may be due to
testosterone levels.
These hormones can
cause emotions to be
very intense and
swings rapidly . These
emotional swings will
settle down as you
enter stage of your
growth and
development.
43. z
Health
concerns
Related to
Sexual
Changes
Adolescent boys experience "wet
dreams" or nocturnal emission. This is
involuntary ejaculation of semen during
sleep. Although this is quite
embarassing, this is common among
teenage boys during puberty. This
experience may cause stress among
teenagers so correct information.about
sexual changes will prepare them to
accept this change puberty.
44. z Adolscent girls may experience the onset of menstruation .
Girls having their menstrual period need to be more conscious
about hygiene. There is absouletly no reason why you should
not wash your hair,or take a bath or shower during
menstruation.
In fact, a nice warm bath can do a lot to relieve menstrual
cramps and premenstrual tension. You might want to avoid cold
water during peiod since it could, theoretically, cause uterine
constractions that could increase menstrual cramps.
46. z
Here are some of these popular Filipino
Myths or Menstruation.
During the very first
period, you must jump
from three steps so that
your menses will last
only three days.
---- the usual duration of
menstrual flow is three-
five days. Jumping or
withour jumping,
chances are period only
last three days.
52. z
Moral development process through which children develop
proper attitudes and behaviors toward other people in society.
Every child sometimes misbehaves and acts selfishly and
hurtfully. It is when acts are getting serious, impulses cannot be
controlled, or authority defiance becomes troublesome.
Self-centered behavior with lack of acceptance of
wrongdoing may lead to problem.
53. z
Risky behavior like drinking
alchol, smoking, taking drugs,
or engaging sexual behavior
related to peer pressure may be
a way to defy authority this
behavior are symptoms of
deeper psychological troubles.
If you experience puberty at
early age, don’t feel
embarrassed to talk about it.
Talking to your
parents, responsible adults,
doctor, or teacher is the best
thing to do.
Talking to a responsible adult
will help teenagers feel
comfortable with changes they
are expecting.
54. z
1. identify your problems that you've
encountered in your adolescence period.
2. Write your answer in your notebook.
3. then discuss it your friends.
When you experienced these problems,
what were your steps to solve these
problems?
55. z
z
What is coping
skills?
This will help you deal with
emotional problems like being
sad, difficult and stressful
situations or experiences in
your lives.
If you have developed coping
skills, you can prevent serious
problems resulting from these
experiences.
57. z
Support-Seeking
Strategies
1. Talking to a friend who can do
something about it.
2. Seek advice from responsible
family members or relatives.
3. Talk to someone to find out
more about the problem.
4. Look for someone who will
symphasize with you.
5. Seek professional help.
58. z
Positive
Problem-Solving
Strategies
1. Do not act hastily.
2. Make a plan of action.
3. Look at the problem as a
challenge.
4. Be creative in solving the
problem.
5. Come up with different
solutions to the problem.
60. zThese statements are useful when you
are under stress or facing a
challenges/problem:
A. When you are preparing for a stressful
situations; you can use any of these statements:
I know I can do it.
It’s easier once I get started.
I won't entertain negative
thoughts
When you are facing the challenges
or problem :
I can do it.
I can only do my best.
I can ask somebody for help.
61. z
c. When you are
coping with fear
I'll survive this.
Relax! It will end.
Take a deep breath.
I can always call someone
d. Self-
Congratulations:
I did it !
I did it well.
Next time, I won't have to
worry much.
62. zE. Affirmation:
I enter the day with a peaceful thought.
Every day in every way I grow stronger
and stronger.
64. z How many times do you
visit your barangay health
center?
Do you go with your parents
to attend the medical
program in your Barangay?
Can you identify the medical
test that you had since you
were in elementary grade?
66. z
Monitoring health status can be done
through regular checkups and screening
tests appropriate for you. It is very
important to know your health status.
As adolescents, you should always
remember that you are also responsible
for your own health.
67. z
Scoliosis
Screening
Scoliosis is a condition in which the
spine curves to the side. It is abnormal
lateral or side-to-side curvature of the
spine. This condition commonly
develops during the spurt of
adolescents.
It affects girls more than often. This
condition can be corrected if treated
early before the bones have fully
developed.
68. zThe following signs should be referred to
a doctor for treatment:
One of the shoulder blades is more prominent.
The head is not alligned to the center of the pelvis.
A hip appears higher or is more prominent than the other.
The rib cage is between.
The waist is uneven.
The entire body is leaning to one side.
69. z
In the school, your school nurse or your health teacher
can do the scoliosis screening test. During the test, the
school nurse will observe your posture for signs of
scoliosis. Early detection can prevent scoliosis from
progressing.
Remember that the school health personnel, so with your
barangay health personnel, are there to help maintain the
health of the students|people in the school or community.
Avail of any health service they offer.
71. z Summary
Our goal is to attain holistic health. It could be achieved through
developing all dimensions of health. The assessment of growth and
development is very helpful in finding out the state of health person.
These are many concerns that need to be addressed but with
correct and adequate health information, positive attitude, healthy
lifestyle practices and desirable coping skills will help in attaining
and maintaining holistic health. Continuous normal growth and
development indicate a good state of health a person.
72. z As an adolescent, it is responsibilty to use health
information wisely to guide day to day activities
because health habits and practices will greatly affect
the status of health in the future.
Overall good health and wellness are inter-
dependent on six dimensions. Health dimensions are
like separate pieces that need to be fitted together to
make meaning. Optimal health indicates a high level
of functioning and is often characterizrd by vitality, a
zest for life and sense of harmony with nature and
humanity.
73. z
The holistic changes
happen during puberty.
Health concerns and
problems brought by
changes should be dealt
properly to prevent
negative consequences.
These can be prevented
by learning coping skills
and self-management
skills to face these
chalenges positively,
74. z
Monitoring health status through regular health
checkups and appropriate screening tests is
important. The school health personnel perform
checkups and screening tests atb the beginning
and towards the end of the school year.
Holistic health can be achieved by practicing
good health habits and submitting to screening
tests.
76. z
Source: Grade 7 Health Learning Module 2011 and Physical
Education and Health –Grade 7 Learner's Material First Edition,
2017
Thank you and godbless !
