biomass gasification

1. Biomass Gasification
Nallapaneni Manoj kumar
PR13EE2012(M.Tech-RET)

2. Gasification
 Gasification is a thermochemical conversion process
 Gasification is achieved by the partial combustion of the biomass in a low
oxygen environment, leading to the release of a gaseous product
(producer gas or syngas).
 The gasifier can either be of a “fixed bed”, “fluidised bed” or “entrained
flow” configuration.
 The resulting gas is a mixture of carbon monoxide, water, CO2, char, tar
and hydrogen, and it can be used in combustion engines, micro-turbines,
fuel cells or gas turbines.
 When used in turbines and fuel cells, higher electrical efficiencies can be
achieved than those achieved in a steam turbine

3. Why Biomass Gasification
 Highly Efficient Process
 Can be used for thermal applications & electricity generation
 Low initial investment and cost of power production

4. Producer Gas Properties

5. Gasification Technologies
There are three main types of gasification technology
 Fixed bed gasifier : Three types
Up draft gasifier
Down draft gasifier
Cross draft gasifier
 Fluidised bed gasifier: Two types
Circulating type
Bubbling type
 Entrained flow gasifier

6. Gasification Process

7. Types of Gasifier
 Updraft Gasifier

8. Types of Gasifier
 Downdraft Gasifier

9. Types of Gasifier
 Twin-fire Gasifier

10. Types of Gasifier
 Cross Draft Gasifier

11. Types of Gasifier
Fluidised bed gasifier
 Circulating type
 Bubbling type
The gasification process occurs in a bed of hot inert materials suspended by an
upward motion of oxygen-deprived gas. As the flow increases, the bed of these
materials will rise and become “fluidised”.
Inert materials: sand or alumina

12. Advantages & Disadvantages