Please answer all questions. IMMUNIZATION Immunization or vaccination - what's the difference? The terms 'vaccination' and 'immunization' don't mean the same thing. Immunity is a state of protection from a particular infectious disease. Immunization is the process of producing a state of immunity in a subject. Vaccine is a preparation of immunogenic material used to induce immunity against pathogenic organisms. Vaccination is the term for the process of inducing adaptive immunity. Brief History of Immunization 1. The Chinese adopted a policy of deliberately infecting young children with particles of ground smallpox scabs from children who had survived mild cases by a procedure, called 2. developed the modern practice of vaccination when he inoculated people with cowpox virus to protect them against smallpox Active Immunization 1. The basic principle behind vaccination is to stimulate a response and a memory response that primes the immune system for future exposure to a virulent pathogen. 2. Active immunization involves different vaccine types: a. also called modified live vaccines contain weakened microorganisms; and generally provide lifelong immunity b. vaccines consist of killed bacteria or viruses which include i. , which are produced with inactivated but whole microbes. ii. which are produced with antigenic fragments of microbes. iii. For these vaccines, which cannot replicate or retain residual virulence, multiple doses must be administered to achieve immunity iv. May contain , which are chemicals added to increase their ability to stimulate active immunity. c. vaccines are chemically or thermally modified toxins that stimulate immunity against toxins rather than cellular antigens d. vaccines combine antigens from several pathogens that are administered simultaneously. e. vaccines use recombinant gene technology to remove virulence genes from microbes to create attenuated vaccines, to produce large quantities of antigens for use in immunizations, or to alter cells, viruses, or plasmids by introducing genes for antigens into them. .

1. Please answer all questions.
IMMUNIZATION Immunization or vaccination - what's the difference? The terms 'vaccination'
and 'immunization' don't mean the same thing. Immunity is a state of protection from a particular
infectious disease. Immunization is the process of producing a state of immunity in a subject.
Vaccine is a preparation of immunogenic material used to induce immunity against pathogenic
organisms. Vaccination is the term for the process of inducing adaptive immunity. Brief History
of Immunization 1. The Chinese adopted a policy of deliberately infecting young children with
particles of ground smallpox scabs from children who had survived mild cases by a procedure,
called 2. developed the modern practice of vaccination when he inoculated people with cowpox
virus to protect them against smallpox Active Immunization 1. The basic principle behind
vaccination is to stimulate a response and a memory response that primes the immune system for
future exposure to a virulent pathogen. 2. Active immunization involves different vaccine types:
a. also called modified live vaccines contain weakened microorganisms; and generally provide
lifelong immunity b. vaccines consist of killed bacteria or viruses which include i. , which are
produced with inactivated but whole microbes. ii. which are produced with antigenic fragments
of microbes. iii. For these vaccines, which cannot replicate or retain residual virulence, multiple
doses must be administered to achieve immunity iv. May contain , which are chemicals added to
increase their ability to stimulate active immunity. c. vaccines are chemically or thermally
modified toxins that stimulate immunity against toxins rather than cellular antigens d. vaccines
combine antigens from several pathogens that are administered simultaneously. e. vaccines use
recombinant gene technology to remove virulence genes from microbes to create attenuated
vaccines, to produce large quantities of antigens for use in immunizations, or to alter cells,
viruses, or plasmids by introducing genes for antigens into them.