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1. By
Jagadeep H Rabha
Natural resources of India

2. Natural Resource:
Any source of wealth that occurs
naturally,especially minerals, fossil
fuels,thimber etc.
Cassification:
In terms of the source of origin,natural
resources can be classified as
Biotic
Abiotic

3. A. Biotic resources:
 are obtained from the living and organic material.
 These include forest Product, wildlife, crops and
other living organisms.
 Most of the resources are renewable as they can
regenerate themselves.
 Fossil fuels are considered as biotic because they
are formed from decayed organic matter.
 Fossils fuels are nonrenewable

4. B . Abiotic resources:
 These resources come from non-living and non-
organic material.
 Some of the resources like water and air are
renewable
 Other resources like minerals are non-renewable
 and exhaustible as they cannot be regenerated
 Minerals have many categories like metallic, non-
metallic and minor minerals.

5. A. Biotic resources of India
1.Forestry:
• India’s land area includes with region
With high rainfall to dry desert’s
• Coastline to Alpine regions
• Around 21% of the total geographical
area consists of Forests
• Due to variation in climatic conditions
and difference in altitude,different
types of forest are present in India

6.  Including Tropical,Swamps,Mangrove and Alpine
 Forests are the main sources of Firewood, paper
Spices,drug etc.
 From checking of soil erosion to Wildlife
protection,rainfall,human recreation ,water sheds
and balance of nature
 Forests play a major role in enhancing quality of
environment
 Forest contribute significant amount to nation’s
GDP.

7. 2. Fish:
• India has rich marine and inland water
resources
• It has 8129km long coastline
• Inland fishery is carried out in
rivers,reservoirs and lakes
• In Indian rivers more than 400 species of
fish are found & many species are
economically important
• Major fish species available are
Carp,catfish, murrel,and weed fish.

8.  India is one of the leading fish producers
 In 2013-2013, 9 lakh tonnes of marine products was
exported.
3. Coal:
 Coal is the largest available mineral resource
 India ranks 3rd in the world after China and USA in the
realm of coal production
 The main centres of coal in India are the west
Bengal,Bihar,Madhya Pradesh,Odisha etc.
 Bulk of the coal production comes from Bengal,Jharkhand
coal field

9. Coal mine in Dhanbad district
of Jharkhand state
• They contribute 60 to 65%
of the total production
• Coal are mainly used for
power sector
• Other industries like
cement, fertilizer,
chemical and paper rely
coal for energy
requirements.

10. 4. Oil:
• India had about 750 million metric
tonne of proven oil reserve as April
2014
• Most of the India’s crude oil reserve
are located in the western coast &
in the northern part of the country
• It also located in the offshore Bay
of Bengal & in the state of
Rajasthan.

11. 5. Natural Gas:
 India has 1,437 billion cubic metres of confirmed
natural gas reserves as of April 2010
 A huge mass of India’s natural gas production comes
from the western offshore regions
 Particularly the Mumbai High complex
 Onshore fields in Assam,Tripura,Andhra Pradesh
etc. Are the major producers of natural gas.

12. B. Abiotic
resources of
India
a) Metallic Minerals:
1.copper:
 Copper has been used since ancient
times
 Details of copper mining & metallurgy
are available in ancient works like
Arthashastra.
 is Mainly used in Industrial
applications, Electrical/Electronic
equipments
 Consumer product such as utensils.
 Major resources of copper are
available at Rajasthan, Madhya
Pradesh, and Jharkhand.
 As on 2010,India had 1.56 billion
tonnes of copper ore
 India is one of the 20 Major copper
producers in the world.

13. 2. Lead and zinc:
 main deposits of lead & zinc are found
mostly in Rajasthan,
Meghalaya,Gujarat,west Bengal,Utter
Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil
Nadu,odisha and sikkim
 But 95% of known reserves are
centralised in Rajasthan and Gujarat.
 As per UNFC,on April 1,2005 were
estimated at 522.58 million tonnes
 With 7,207 thousand tonnes of lead
mental
 And 24,260 thousand tonnes of zinc
metal.

14. 3.Iron ore:
 India is the world’s 3rd biggest exporter of Iron ore
as in 2013
 India possesses high quality iron ore abundance
 Total reserves of iron ore are about 14.630 million
tonnes of haematite & 10,619 million tonnes of
magnetite
 Haematite iron is found mainly in Jharkhand,
Chattisgarh,Odisha,Goa,& Karnataka.
 The major deposit of magnetite iron is available
at Western coast of Karnataka.
 Minor amount of magnetite is found in
Assam,Meghalaya,Nagaland, Bihar etc.
 Fe is used for manufacturing of pig iron,sponge
iron,steel etc.

15. 4.Chromite:
 Is an oxide of chromium and iron
 It the only commercial source of chromium
 On 2010,India had 200 million tonnes of resource
 ranked 2nd in the world production
Major amount of resources are available from
Orissa(Cuttack district)
 It is also available from
Manipur,Nagaland,Karnataka, Tamil Nadu etc.
 Mostly mined in open cast method
 Is resistant to corrosion and mainly used on
metallurgical applications
 Also used in chemical application.

16. b)Non-Metallic minerals found in India:
1.Garnet group:
 Is a group of complex silicate minerals
and has similar chemical compositions
 There are 3 groups of garnet- Aluminum
garnet,Chromium garnet and Iron garnet
group.
 These minerals occurs in different rock
types
 Garnet are available in Andhra Pradesh,
Chattisgarh,Jharkhand,kerela,Orissa,Raja
sthan and Tamil Nadu

17. 2.Wollastonite:
 Is a meta silicate of calcium
 Mostly White in colour
 Occurs as bladed or needle like
crystals
 Most of the deposits are available in
Rajasthan
 Minor amount of deposits are found in
Gujarat and Tamil Nadu
 It is mainly used in ceramic industries
& metallurgical application

18.  In 2010,India produced 1,45,000 tonnes
 It is mined open cast method
 Central Building Research Institute has
found that wollastonite can be used as
substitute for chrysotile asbestos in cement
products.

19. 3.Sillimanite group:
 Is a group o metamorphic minerals
 Such as sillimanite,kyanite and andalusite
 3 minerals are calcined to form Mullite
 Mainly used as refractory materials
 As on 2010,India had 66 million tonnes
sillimanite 100 million tonnes of kyanite
and 18 million tonnes of Andalusite as
resource
 It is mostly found in Tamil Nadu,
Orissa,Utter Pradesh etc.

20. 4.Ilmenite:
 is a compound of Iron and Titanium
 Iron-black or steel-grey in colour
 It is non non-toxic material and used in
biomedical substances.
 Also used in production of Titanium
dioxide pigment
 It is available in Kerala,Tamil Nadu and
Orissa.
 India has 21% of the world’s reserves and
constitute 6% of the world production

21. 5.Pyrophyllite:
 Is a hydrous Alumino-sillicate
 It is used in refractories, foundry
dressing, pesticides, electrical
insulators, etc.
 India had 56 million tonnes of
resources in the year 2010
 It is mostly found in Madhya Pradesh
 Remaining resources are found in
Orissa,Utter Pradesh, Andra Pradesh
,Maharashtra etc.

22. C)Minor minerals:
 Minor minerals available are building stone,
marble,brick earth,granite,gravel,clay, sand etc.
 These are mainly used in building construction
1. Marble:
 Is a metamorphosed limestone formed by
recrystallization
 It is available in different colour and textures
 It is available in many state of india
 It is used in construction of Temples,Tombs,Palaces
etc.
 Economically important marbles are available in
Rajasthan, Gujarat, Haryana,Andhra Pradesh,
Madhya Pradesh and some parts of Meghalaya

23. Nuclear:
1.Uranium:
 India was able to extract 229 tonnes of
uranium in 2007
 Tumalapalli mine in Andhra Pradesh state of
India provided more than 170,000 tonnes of
uranium
 making it as the world’s largest uranium
mine.

24. 2.Thorium:
 On may 2013,country’s thorium
reserves were 11.93 million
tonnes
 With a significant majority found
in the three eastern coastal
states of Andhra Pradesh,Tamil
Nadu and Odisha.
 Both the IAEA and OECD appear
to conclude that India may
possess the largest share of
worlds thorium deposits.

25. THANK YOU ALL