4. k am´ c ` mKw
aqt ¶ mA Xne [ nI t amk am´ c h cI Ä
G Xpc- ph cI sf b pwapdn¡ p¶ Xv
Ht c A wi _ Ô ¯ ne mW v.
a
b
c
p
q
r
A:b:c = p:q:r A:b:c = p:q:r
a b c
p q r
5. aqt ¶ mA Xne [ nI t amk am´ c h cI Ä Hcp
h csb Xpe y` mK§ f mb n
apdn¡ pI b msW ¦ n , G Xph csb b pw
Xpe y` mK§ f mb n¯ s¶ apdn¡ pw.
a
a
a
p
p
p
q q q
a a a
6. {X nt I mW ` mKw
G X p{X nt I mW ¯ ne pwHcph i ¯ n p
k am´ camb nh cb v¡ p¶ h c, aäpc- p
h i § sf Ht c A wi _ Ô ¯ ne mW v
apdn¡ p¶ X v.
a
p
qb
b
a
pq
a:b = p:q a:b = p:q
7. G Xp{Xnt I mW ¯ ne pwHcph i ¯ n p
k am´ camb nasämcph i ¯ nsâ
a[ y_ nµ ph ne qsS h cb v¡ p¶ h c,
aq¶ mas¯ h i s¯ ap«p¶ XpwA Xnsâ
a[ y_ nµ ph ne mW v.
8. Hcp{Xnt I mW ¯ nsâ c- ph i § f psS
a[ y_ nµ p¡ Ä t b mPn¸ n¡ p¶ h cb psS
of waq¶ mas¯ h cb psS of ¯ nsâ
] I pXnb mW v.
9. G Xp{Xnt I mW ¯ ne pwHmt cmaqe b nÂ
n¶ pwF XnÀh i t ¯ ¡ ph cb v¡ p¶
e w_ § Ä Hä _ nµ ph ne qsS I S¶ pt ] mI pw
