Telemetry holds an important place in many in vivo physiology and neuroscience studies. Join Phil Griffiths, PhD for a technology overview of these unique small animal telemetry systems. In recent years significant technological advances have been made to improve the quality and fidelity of data collected via telemetry. This webinar will explore the benefits of using telemetry and discuss the specific advantages of ADInstruments’ new small animal telemetry systems, including wireless power technology for continuous, long-term recording and the integration of Millar Mikro-Tip® pressure sensors for increased accuracy and fidelity. Finally, Phil will highlight a number of common applications of the telemetry systems and showcase some exciting publications from existing users. These applications range from cardiovascular physiology and intracranial pressure measurements to epilepsy and stroke models. Key Topics Include: - What are the benefits of telemetry over other techniques for recording physiological parameters in vivo? - What are the advantages of wireless power technology in telemetry studies? - How does incorporating Millar Mikro-Tip® pressure sensors enhance telemetry studies? - How could ADInstruments telemetry fit into my physiology or neuroscience experiments?

1. Telemetry 101:
Exploring the New ADInstruments’
Small Animal Telemetry Systems
Phil Griffiths, PhD
Training and Technical Support Specialist
Support – Europe
ADInstruments

2. An application and technical expert
presents an overview of these unique
small animal telemetry systems.
Telemetry 101:
Exploring the New ADInstruments’
Small Animal Telemetry Systems

3. A little about me...
• BSc and PhD in Neuroscience from the
University of Bristol, UK
• 4.5 yrs post-doc experience using Kaha
Sciences pressure telemeters
• Telemetry Applications Specialist -
Europe for Kaha Sciences
• Joined ADInstruments in February 2021
• Training and Technical Support
Specialist in the European Team

4. Overview
• Why use telemetry?
• Advantages of Kaha Sciences
telemetry
• Integration with PowerLab
and LabChart
• Telemetry systems
▪ Rat
▪ Mouse
• Research applications and
publications

5. Telemetry measurements
Atrial
Pressure
Pulmonary
Artery
Pressure
Bladder
Pressure
Ventricular
Pressure
Intracranial
Pressure
Pressure
Gradients
Sympathetic
Nerve Activity
Heart
Rate
Aortic
Pressure
Cardiac
Function dP/dt
Ocular
Pressure
ECG*
EEG*
EMG*
EOG*
Tissue
Oxygen
*Mouse system is biopotential only

6. Acute recordings, Tethers or Telemetry?
• Invasive recordings in anesthetized animals – one-off measurements
• High-frequency, high fidelity sampling
• Recording time minutes-hours, continuous
• Non-invasive measurements – one-off or periodically repeated
• Time consuming
• Recording time – minutes, non-continuous
• Tethering – repeated over days
• Restricted movement, altered behavior, prone to infection
• Movement artefacts and noise
• Recording time – hours, days
SNA
9
8
BP
ECG

7. Telemetry advantages
• Conscious, unrestrained
• Fully implantable, less prone to infection
• Minimal day-to-day maintenance
• Multiple animals running simultaneously
• Long term recordings
• Weeks/months
• Capture long-term variation in physiological
parameters
• Reduce costs
• Fewer animals per group (Higher statistical power)
• Reduced staff maintenance

8. Kaha Sciences Telemetry from ADInstruments
• Telemetry Research formed ~15 years ago
• Purchased by Millar in 2014
• Kaha Sciences formed in 2017 taking the telemetry technology over from Millar
• ADInstruments purchased Kaha in February 2021

9. Kaha Sciences Telemetry from ADInstruments
• TR181 Smartpads
• TRM5 or TR5 series rat telemeters
• MT110 tBases
• MT10B mouse telemeters
Rat Telemetry system Mouse Telemetry system
Common to both
• TR190 configuration system
• PowerLab and LabChart

10. Wireless Power Transfer
• SmartPad and tBase use electricity to generate
magnetic wireless power field
• Field passes through non-metallic surfaces
• Pickup/Inductor coil in telemeter takes
power from the magnetic field and
converts it back into electricity.
• Telemeter electronics are powered
• 24/7 available power
• No telemeter refurbishment

11. Configurator system
• Telemetry hardware 100% software controlled
• 40 user selected independent transmission and receiving frequencies
• Monitoring and diagnostics of all hardware and telemeters
• Maintaining optimal recording conditions
• NOT required or used for data acquisition

12. Seamless integration with PowerLab and LabChart
• SmartPad and tBase analog outputs
connect to the analog inputs of
PowerLab
• Real-time data capture and analysis
with LabChart 8 and LabChart
Lightning
• LabChart Lightning includes unlimited
channels, custom calculations,
cross recording analysis and much
more!

13. Analysis Modules with LabChart 8 Pro
• Blood Pressure Module -
Automatically reports
cardiovascular parameters
from arterial or ventricular
pressure signals.
• The ECG (EKG) Analysis Module
for LabChart automatically
detects and reports PQRST
onset, amplitude and intervals
in real time, or after recording.
• Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is
determined by analyzing the
time series of beat-to-beat
intervals from an ECG.

14. PowerLab C
• Simple, reliable, low latency
connection between digital
devices
• Combined with Instrument
Interface to input
SmartPad/tBase signals into
LabChart
• The future of ADInstruments
data acquisition

15. Kaha Sciences Telemetry from ADInstruments
• Wireless Power Technology
• No experimental limitation due to battery
life
• Continuous recording - capture
unpredictable, spontaneous activity i.e.
seizures, arrhythmias
• Higher sampling rate (2 kHz)
• Data accuracy
• Software controlled
• Reduced handling/impacts of stress
• Easy integration with PowerLab
and LabChart
Rat Telemetry System
Mouse Telemetry System

16. Kaha Sciences
Rat Telemetry

17. Rat Telemetry System - Telemeters
• Pressure telemeters incorporate
Millar Mikro-Tip® solid state
pressure sensors
• Cohousing mode
• Telemeters have a backup battery
• Sampling up to 5m away from SmartPad
for 4-6 hours (Telemeter model
dependent)
• Ideal for behavioural studies
• All telemeters accurately measure core
temperature

18. The solid-state Millar Mikro-Tip® pressure sensor
• Solid-state pressure sensor (2 Fr) at the catheter tip
• Unrivalled long-term accuracy,
fidelity and reproducibility compared
with fluid or gel-filled catheters
• Records pressure accurately at source
- no signal attenuation over time
• No effect of gravity, animal movement,
catheter kinking or clotting
• Excellent frequency response (dP/dt)
• Unique applications - ICP, intravesical, compartment
pressure, LVP

19. Cohousing mode
NC3Rs on telemetry…“investigators should be aware of potential sources of pain and distress within telemetry
projects, including: distress induced by housing animals individually” - The NC3Rs is a UK-based scientific
organisation dedicated to replacing, refining and reducing the use of animals in research and testing
• Cohousing
• allows for recording from two implanted rats in one cage,
or
• Customized applications
• Two telemeters in one rat (>350g), mix and match
between any of the 7 Kaha sciences rat telemeters
to allow measurement of up to 4 signals
Examples
• TRM54PP2509 and TR57Y – allows measurement of
ICP, ABP and brain tissue oxygen

20. Rat telemeters - Models and parameters
*Standard Pressure catheter length 9cm – custom lengths of 15cm & 25cm available on request (extra cost)
Model Parameters
TRM54P Single Pressure*
TRM54PP Dual Pressure*
TRM54PB Pressure/Biopotential*
TRM56SP
Pressure/Sympathetic nerve
activity
TR50B Single Biopotential
TR50BB Dual Biopotential
TR57Y Tissue oxygen

21. Kaha Sciences
Mouse Telemetry

22. Mouse telemetry system
• Traditional mouse telemetry
• Limited recording time due to battery size/power
• Low sampling rate (preservation of battery)
• Cost of refurbishment
• ADInstruments mouse telemetry
• Battery-free telemeter
• Continuous wireless power
• 24/7 recording, 2kHz sampling rate
• Long term recording - disease progression and ageing
• Detection of spontaneous events - arrhythmia, seizures

23. Mouse biopotential telemeter - MT10B
• Contoured for subcutaneous implantation in mice
>22g
• 1.8cm3 volume
• Designed for single use
• Optimised wireless powering
• Record ECG, EMG or EEG at 2 kHz
• 3 outputs - biopotential, activity index, data received

24. Continuous and long-term recording with the MT10B
Mouse ECG during heart attack
Signal integrity 60 days post implantation –
2kHz, no filtering

25. Kaha Sciences
Telemetry Applications

26. Applications - Cardiovascular Physiology
• Hypertension
• TRM54P - ABP
• TRM54PB - ABP and ECG
• Cardiac Function and MI
• TRM54PB - LVP and ECG
• TRM54PP - LVP and ABP
• TR50B - ECG
• MT10B - ECG (mouse)
• Cardiovascular Control
• TRM56SP - ABP and SNA

27. Applications - Cardiovascular physiology
• Simultaneous recording of ABP and SNA
• Long-term, continuous recording
• High quality data for automated analyses
• Recording during surgery and behavioural
paradigms
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-03180-w#Sec74 Adapted from Extended Data Fig. 1

28. Applications - Intracranial Pressure
• Solid-state sensor is highly accurate, even at low pressure and sensitive to small changes in
pressure
• Ideal for intracranial pressure recording

29. Fig. 2b & c
Fig. 5a & b
https://fluidsbarrierscns.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12987-020-00199-z
• Pressure sensor implanted epidurally
• Accurate recording of low pressure
waveform
• Few movement artefacts
• Long-term stability
Applications - Intracranial pressure (50 days recording)

30. Applications - Intracranial Pressure
• Stroke
• Traumatic Brain Injury
• Migraine/Intracranial Hypertension
• Hydrocephalus

31. • TR50B, TR50BB and MT10B
• Continuous, long term recording
• High sampling rate (2kHz)
• Fewer movements artefacts, good signal quality
• Ideal for detection of spontaneous events
e.g. seizures and sleep
• 5m transmission range of telemeters supports
behavioural studies
• T-maze
• Water maze
• Fear conditioning
Applications - Neuroscience

32. Adapted from Fig 2
Applications - Epilepsy Research
Fig 1

33. Applications - Tissue Oxygen
• TR57Y tissue oxygen telemeter
• Unique chronic monitoring
• Renal physiology
• Neuronal activity
• Local ischemia

34. Applications - Cohousing mode
• TRM54PP2509 dual pressure telemeter
• TR57Y tissue oxygen telemeter
• Customisable experiments
• Unique combinations of parameters
• Maximising the use of each animal

35. Kaha Sciences Telemetry - Features and Benefits
• Wireless power from SmartPad
• No experimental limitation of battery-life
• Long-term and/or continuous recording
• 40 independent transmission frequencies
• Easy to use
• No interference between animals
• 2kHz sampling rate
• Improved temporal resolution
Rat system benefits
• Millar Mikro-Tip® pressure sensor
• Improved accuracy and expanded applications
• Cohousing Mode
• Incorporate the 3Rs to refine and reduce
• Unique and customisable experiments
Mouse system benefits
• Battery-free telemeter
• High sampling rate
• Continuous and long-term data collection
• Single-use
• Easy implantation/explantation

36. Thanks for attending!
• Dr. Phil Griffiths (Training and Technical Support Specialist, UK):
p.griffiths@adinstruments.com
• European Sales Team:
sales.eu@adinstruments.com
• USA Sales Team:
sales.us@adinstruments.com
• For more information visit our website:
adi.to/kaha QUESTIONS?

37. Phil Griffiths, PhD
Training and Technical Support Specialist
Support – Europe
ADInstruments
Thank you for participating!
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