Recommended
Recommended
More Related Content
What's hot
What's hot (20)
Similar to Dictionary of Natural products(DNP)
Similar to Dictionary of Natural products(DNP) (20)
Recently uploaded
Recently uploaded (20)
Dictionary of Natural products(DNP)
- 1. Topic Dictionary of Natural products DNP Introducti on Applicatio n Search Video Feature s USES 1
- 2. Introducti Applicatio n Search Video Feature s USES Dictionary: A reference book on a particular subject. Natural Products: Any substance produced by life Includes biotic materials (e.g. wood, silk), bio-based materials (e.g. bioplastics, cornstarch), bodily fluids (e.g. milk, plant exudates), and other natural materials that were once found in living organisms (e.g. soil, coal) Can also be prepared by chemical synthesis Natural products may be extracted from the cells, tissues, and secretions of microorganisms, plants and animals. 2
- 3. Introducti Applicatio n Search Video Feature s USES The following figure shows the distribution of natural products per kingdom of life; 3
- 4. Introducti Applicatio n Search Video Feature s USES Dictionary of Natural Products(DNP) Source of natural product informatio n The only comprehen sive database on natural products DNP organize, simplify and bring out the underlying structural and biosyntheti c relationshi ps of the compound s. DNP provides access to chemical, physical, and structural data on hundreds of thousands of natural products 4
- 5. Introducti Applications of DNP: Applicatio n Search Video Feature s USES Pharmaceuticals Stay current on changes in natural product information. Explore novel natural products as a source for new drugs Food Sciences Ensures the natural ingredients reach the right level of quality and trust of consumer Nutraceuticals Access the latest information to produce high quality nutritional products Cosmetics Develop more natural and organic products safely and efficiently Agriculture Help to develop new solutions and chemicals to facilitate agriculture industry 5
- 6. Introducti Applicatio n Search Video Feature s USES 6 Searc h DNP can be used either by software or website. The link is https://dnp.chemnetbase.com/ Information about Natural products can be searched by: Drawing the structure of the compound Through the properties of the compound Combining a chemical structure with another parameter Combining a chemical structure with another parameter To narrow the search down Boolean operators: Using Boolean operators greatly improve your search results, by making the results more specific. AND retrieves only those records that contain both items OR retrieves records containing either or both of the items, and thus broadens a search
- 9. Introducti Applicatio n Search Video Feature s USES Source CAS registry number Stereochemi cal convention Diagrams Molecular formula and weight Chemical names and synonyms Data presentation Type of compound 9
- 10. Introducti Applicatio n Search Video Feature s USES Data presentation and organization: The compounds in the DNP are grouped together into approx. 40,000 entries. In the database, closely related compounds are grouped together to form an entry Variants(stereoisomers) and derivatives of a parent compound are all listed under one entry. Example: Entry: (Parent compound) • Derivatives(hydrates, complexes, salt) • Variants(stereoisomer; R or S form) 10
- 12. Introducti Applicatio n Search Video Feature s USES Chemical names and synonyms: All the names discussed in DNP can be searched using the Chemical Name field. Compounds have been named by keeping the nomenclature as simple as possible. Example: Compounds containing both lactone and –COOH groups are often named using two principal functional groups: The term prenyl for the common 3-methyl-2-butenyl substituent, (H3C)2C=CHCH2–, is used throughout. Names which are known to be duplicated within the chemical literature are marked with the sign†. 12
- 13. Introducti Applicatio n Search Video Feature s USES CAS Registry Numbers: Also referred as CASRN or CAS Number. Identifying numbers allocated to each distinctly definable chemical substance. Assigned by the Chemical Abstracts Service(CAS). CAS registry label for each substance is independent of any system of nomenclature. Example: Azamerone: CAS Registry Number: 897385-39-6 Oleanolic acid: CAS Registry Number: 508-02-1 13
- 15. Introducti Applicatio n Search Video Feature s USES Diagrams: In each entry display there is a single diagram which applies to the parent entry. Separate diagrams are not given for variants or derivatives. Structures for derivatives can be viewed in Structure Search For example: Sugars have been standardized as Haworth formulae In complex structures, the rings are oriented in the standard Haworth manner so that structural comparisons can quickly be made 15
- 17. Introducti Applicatio n Search Video Feature s USES Stereochemical conventions: Absolute configuration Where only one stereoisomer is referred to in the text, the structural diagram indicates that stereoisomer. Wherever possible, stereostructures are described using the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog sequence-rule (R,S) and (E,Z) conventions In cases where these are cumbersome or inapplicable, alternatives such as the α,β-system are used instead 17
- 19. Introducti Applicatio n Search Video Feature s USES Molecular formula and molecular weight: The elements in the molecular formula are given according to the Hill convention The molecular weights given are formula weights and are rounded to one place of decimals. Example: Laudanosine M wt.= M 357.449 Source: The taxonomic names for organisms given throughout are in general those given in the primary literature Standards used are: Brummitt, R.K. (1992) Vascular Plant Families and Genera, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Gozmany, L.(1990) Seven Language Thesaurus of European Animals, Chapman & Hall London; Chemical Abstracts Service 19
- 21. Introducti Applicatio n Search Video Feature s Importance/Uses USES Appearance Melting points and boiling point: Optical rotations: Densities and refractive indexes: Solubilities: pKa values: Spectroscopic data: Toxicity and hazard information: RTECS® Accession Numbers: Bibliographic References: 21
- 22. Introducti Applicatio n Search Video Feature s USES 22 Appearance: Natural products are considered to be colorless unless otherwise stated. If chromophore lead to a visible colour of the product, the DNP entry will mention this fact. Melting points and boiling point: The policy followed in the case of conflicting data is as follows: When the literature melting points are closely similar, only one figure is quoted. Where two or more melting points are recorded and differ by several Degrees, the lower figure is given in parentheses, thus: 139° (134–135°).
- 23. Introducti Applicatio n Search Video Feature s USES Optical rotations: These are given whenever possible, Where available an indication of the optical purity (op) or enantiomeric excess (ee) of the sample measured now follows the specific rotation value. Densities and refractive indexes: Densities and refractive indexes are now of less importance for the identification of liquids But are quoted for common or industrially important substances (e.g. monoterpenoids), Or where no boiling point can be found in the literature. Densities and refractive indexes are not quoted for an undefined mixture of stereoisomers. 23
- 24. Introducti Applicatio n Search Video Feature s USES Solubilities: Solubilities are given only where the solubility is unusual. pKa values: pKa values are given for both acids and bases. The pKb of a base can be obtained by subtracting its pKa from 14.17 (at 20°) or from 14.00 (at 25°). Spectroscopic data: Spectroscopic data are given only where the spectrum is a main point of interest Or where the compound is unstable and has been identified only by spectroscopic data Toxicity and hazard information: Toxicity and hazard information is highlighted by the sign It has been selected to assist in risk assessments for experimental, manufacturing and manipulative 24
- 25. Introducti Applicatio n Search Video Feature s USES RTECS® Accession Numbers: Many entries in DNP contain one or more RTECS® Accession Numbers. Possession of these numbers allows users to locate toxicity information on relevant substances from the NIOSH Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances, • which is a compendium of toxicity data extracted from the scientific literature. Bibliographic References: Facilitate to locate more detailed information about a particular compound. References are given in date order References to spectroscopic library collections, which sort at the top of the list Those to hazard/toxicity sources which sort at the bottom The content of most references is indicated by means of suffixes, known as reference tags. 25
- 27. Introducti Applicatio n Search Video Feature s USES Description of Natural Product Structures by DNP : Alkaloids Antibiotics Flavonoids Carbohydrates Tannins Terpenoids Steroids Polyketides Polypyrroles Lignans and neolignans Amino acids and peptides Natural products of unknown structure 27
- 28. Introducti Applicatio n Search Video Feature s USES Overview of the Dictionary of Natural Products database In the following figure displays the; Distribution of the main chemical classes of natural products in each kingdom of life 28