Over the past two decades, an increased prevalence of risk factors associated with cardiovascular illnesses such as poor diet, physical inactivity, and obesity has affected young adults under 40 years living in developed countries such as the United States of America.

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Heart Disease in Young Adults Under 40 Years
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Heart Disease in Young Adults Under 40 Years
Over the past two decades, an increased prevalence of risk factors associated with
cardiovascular illnesses such as poor diet, physical inactivity, and obesity has affected young
adults under 40 years living in developed countries such as the United States of America. An
increasing rate of substance abuse such as cocaine, opioids, anabolic steroids, and electronic
cigarettes is increasingly prevalent among young adults. The occurrence of cardiovascular
illnesses among younger individuals has either increased or been steady compared to the trend
towards the subordinate frequency of heart diseases experienced by young adults. Current
observations are crucial in forecasting the potential epidemic of heart disease in the near future
as the young adult population ages amid risk factors for heart failure, ischemic heart disease,
sudden cardiac death, and artificial fabrication.
The Roles of Professional Nurses in Health Promotion Activities for Young Adults with
Heart Disease
Istifada and Rekawati (2019) define health promotion as an effort towards improving
health status in the community. The enactment of health promotion is an effort aimed at
plummeting the mortality rate of heart disease. Notably, cardiovascular illness is the cause of
death with a prevalence rate of 45 percent compared to other non-communicable illnesses. The
significant risk factors associated with heart disease include alcohol consumption, smoking,
unhealthy diets, and physical inactivity. This condition can be averted through maintaining
healthy behavior and acquiring support from professional healthcare providers through the
improved success of healthcare interventions.
Professional health nurses are responsible for improving healthy behavior among
community members through implementing health promotion (Istifada & Rekawati, 2019). The

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prevention of heart disease among young adults under 40 years can be implemented through
training and counseling to improve physical activity, healthy lifestyle, and nutritional balance.
Nurses play a crucial role in increasing knowledge to enhance the quality of health promotion
implementation (Istifada & Rekawati, 2019). Health promotion can be achieved by providing
education in media leaflets and training to increase knowledge concerning the causes and
prevention of heart disease. The provision of health education to the community stimulates
nurses to create a healthy lifestyle for their patients. As further noted by Istifada and Rekawati
(2019), nurses also play a significant role in knowledge sharing with peer nurses to facilitate
increased motivation for carrying out self-development. A good leader for nurses should
appreciate other staff members, open opportunities for developing themselves and other nurses
and provide advice during team evaluation. Conducting health promotions concerning healthy
behaviors among nurses is crucial for maintaining health and preventing cardiovascular heart
disease among patients.
Nurses’ Role in Working with Various Populations with Heart Diseases
Professional health nurses working with heart disease patients are responsible for health
promotion, disease prevention, health preservation, health restoration, and reintegration of
patients. Establishing a good relationship between nurses and heart disease patients helps reduce
the days of hospital stay for patients. It enhances the satisfaction of patients and the quality of
healthcare services (Molina-Mula & Gallo-Estrada, 2020). An equitable power distribution
enhances the autonomous acquisition of decision-making concerning disease and health
processes based on professional advice. The relationship between nurses and patients should not
be focused on pursuing change in customs and values of patients but instead place the healthcare

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professionals as witnesses of the experiences of illness and health processes between heart
disease patients and their families (Molina-Mula & Gallo-Estrada, 2020).
Healthcare nurses play a crucial role in health promotion by providing health education to
heart disease patients. According to Whitehead (2018), this can be achieved through teaching
treatment-based skills to patients, elaborating the importance of observing blood glucose levels,
and providing support sessions concerning the importance of healthy nutrition for heart disease
patients from low-income groups (Whitehead, 2018). Healthcare scholars and researchers
emphasize the importance of distinguishing between health education and the provision of
health-related information. Health education for young adult heart disease patients should
incorporate well-resourced, long-term, carefully evaluated, and planned programs. However,
encounters involving heart disease patients, carers, and families are usually reactive, short-term,
and opportunistic to facilitate efficient health education processes (Whitehead, 2018). The
effective strategies for ensuring adequate health education programs include negotiating goals,
realistic goal-setting, follow-up process evaluation.
Health Promotion Strategies for Heart Disease throughout the Lifespan of Young Adults
The use of digital health technologies and lifestyle changes are crucial for improving the
outcomes of heart diseases in many ways. According to Santo and Redfern (2020), the use of
smartphone applications, text-messaging programs, and wearable devices are effective in
reducing the risks of heart disease and enhancing medication adherence. Studies concerning the
use of wearable devices have shown positive outcomes in health promotion for young adults with
heart disease in terms of arrhythmias detention and physical activity (Santo & Redfern, 2020).
To date, scientific evidence supports using these digital technologies in the management and care
of cardiovascular diseases. The use of text messaging has become the most studied digital health

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intervention for heart disease. It is a frequent, convenient, and cheap way of communication that
requires no internet connection (Santo & Redfern, 2020). Within the healthcare setting, text
messages can be sent to many people using limited human input and automated software. The
advent of tablets and smartphones has facilitated the growth of digital health interventions (Santo
& Redfern, 2020). The use of mobile applications can educate heart disease patients through
visual and written information and manage and monitor the health situations of the patients
through automated reminders and in-build diaries.
Lifestyle strategies such as physical activity and the observation of diet and weight are
also crucial health promotion strategies for young adults with heart diseases. Healthcare scholars
and researchers emphasize the importance of adherence to positive lifestyle factors in preventing
cardiovascular diseases and improving the well-being of patients (Rippe, 2019). Establishing
ways to improve observance of known strategies for reducing risk factors associated with heart
disease among young adults under 40 years represent a crucial challenge for the imminent of risk
decline of heart disease.
Conclusively, the manifestation of cardiovascular illnesses among younger individuals
has either increased or been steady compared to the trend towards the subordinate frequency of
heart diseases experienced by young adults. Professional health nurses are responsible for
improving healthy behavior among community members through implementing health
promotion. Healthcare nurses play a crucial role in health promotion by providing health
education to heart disease patients. Digital health technologies and lifestyle changes are crucial
for improving the health outcomes of heart diseases. Physical activity and diet, and weight
observation are crucial strategies for health promotion among young adults with heart disease.

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References
Istifada, R., & Rekawati, E. (2019). THE HEALTH PROMOTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR
DISEASE PREVENTION BY COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSE IN PRIMARY
HEALTH CARE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW. International Journal of Nursing and
Health Services (IJNHS), 2(3), 22-31.
https://ijnhs.net/index.php/ijnhs/article/view/113/58
Molina-Mula, J., & Gallo-Estrada, J. (2020). Impact of nurse-patient relationship on quality of
care and patient autonomy in decision-making. International journal of environmental
research and public health, 17(3), 835. https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/3/835/htm
Rippe, J. M. (2019). Lifestyle strategies for risk factor reduction, prevention, and treatment of
cardiovascular disease. American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, 13(2), 204-212.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6378495/pdf/10.1177_15598276188123
95.pdf
Santo, K., & Redfern, J. (2020). Digital health innovations to improve cardiovascular disease
care. Current Atherosclerosis Reports, 22(12), 1-10.
https://homeworksolutions.blog/
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11883-020-00889-x.pdf
Whitehead, D. (2018). Exploring health promotion and health education in nursing. Nurs
Stand, 33(8), 38-44. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Dean-
Whitehead/publication/328620381_Exploring_health_promotion_and_health_education_
in_nursing/links/5c70d0e6458515831f67cbac/Exploring-health-promotion-and-health-
education-in-nursing.pdf

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