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Html
- 2. ABOUT HTML 10-08-2015HYPER TEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE 2 • HTML or HyperText Markup Language is the standard markup language used to create Web Pages. • HTML is written in the form of HTML elements consisting of tags enclosed in angle brackets (like <html>). HTML tags most commonly come in pairs like <h1> and </h1>, although some tags represent empty elements and so are unpaired, for example <img>. • The first tag in a pair is the start tag, and the second tag is the end tag.
- 3. HISTORY OF HTML 10-08-2015HYPER TEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE 3 • In 1989, Berners-Lee wrote a memo proposing an Internet-based hypertext system. Berners-Lee specified HTML and wrote the browser and server software in late 1990. The first publicly available description of HTML was a document called "HTML Tags", first mentioned on the Internet by Berners-Lee in late 1991. It describes 18 elements comprising the initial, relatively simple design of HTML. Except for the hyperlink tag, these were strongly influenced by SGMLguide, an in-house Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML)-based documentation format at CERN. Eleven of these elements still exist in HTML 4.
- 4. HOW TO CREATE AN HTML DOCUMENT? 10-08-2015HYPER TEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE 4 • Open Notepad by clicking START > ALL PROGRAMS > ACCESSORIES > NOTEPAD. • The Notepad window will appear. Type the HTML coding in. • Click on FILE > SAVE menu option. The SAVE AS dialog box will appear. Save the file with all necessary details. Write the name of our file by putting extension ‘.html’ or ‘.htm’. • Click on SAVE Button.
- 5. HTML TAGS 10-08-2015HYPER TEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE 5 • HTML is written in the form of HTML elements consisting of tags enclosed in angle brackets (like <html>). HTML tags most commonly come in pairs like <h1> and </h1>, although some tags represent empty elements and so are unpaired, for example <img>. The first tag in a pair is the start tag, and the second tag is the end tag (they are also called opening tags and closing tags). Initially these are mainly of two types: 1. Container Elements 2. Empty Elements
- 6. TYPES OF TAGS 10-08-2015HYPER TEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE 6 1. Heading Tag - Used to define different heading levels from <h1> to <h6>. 2. Paragraph Tag - Used to display text in form of paragraph. 3. Center Tag - Used to center the text. 4. BR (Break) Tag - Used to break line and displays text from next line.
- 7. CHANGING APPEARANCE OF TEXT 10-08-2015HYPER TEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE 7 • Font style Tags - Used to change appearance of text. 1. Bold - Used to emphasize the text. 2. Italic - Marks the text in italic style. 3. Underline - Underlines the text.
- 8. CHANGING FONT, SIZE, TEXT COLOUR ,BACKGROUND AND MARGINS 10-08-2015HYPER TEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE 8 1. Font - To change typeface or name of the font. 2. Font Size - Used to change size of the font. 3. Font Color - Changes the colour of the text. 4. Background Color - Changes background colour. 5. Top margins - Used to set top margin of the web page. 6. Left margins - Used to set left margin of the web page.
- 9. ORDERED AND UNORDERED LIST 10-08-2015HYPER TEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE 9 • ORDERED LIST <OL> - Used to display items in a specific order. • UNORDERED LIST <UL> - Used when items not to displayed in any order. • LIST ITEM <LI> - Can display the listed items in an Ordered or Unordered list.
- 10. CREATING A TABLE 10-08-2015HYPER TEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE 10 • Tables arrange data in rows and columns and provide an attractive way to represent information. Here is an example of table: • <table style="width:100%"> <tr> <td>Jill</td> <td>Smith</td> <td>50</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Eve</td> <td>Jackson</td> <td>94</td> </tr> </table>
- 11. ATTRIBUTES OF TABLE TAGS 10-08-2015HYPER TEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE 11 • Border Tag - Draws a table around the table. • Bordercolor Tag - Used to set colour of the table. • Bgcolor - Used to specify the background colour of the table. • Align - Used to specify the alignment of the table. • Cell padding - Sets the margin within a cell. • Cell spacing - Used to set minimum distance between two adjacent cells. • Height and Width - By default the size of the table is as large as the data that is entered.
- 12. ATTRIBUTES OF THE <TR><TD>AND <TH> TAGS 10-08-2015HYPER TEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE 12 • BORDER COLOR AND BG COLOR We can set the border colour and back ground colour for the cells by using the border colour and BG colour attributes of <TR> or <TD> tags. We can give different colours to every cell in the same row by specifying different colours or a hexadecimal values, using <TD> or <TH> tags.
- 13. LINKING THE WEB PAGES 10-08-2015HYPER TEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE 13 HTML Links - Hyperlinks • HTML links are hyperlinks. • A hyperlink is an element, a text, or an image that you can click on, and jump to another document. HTML Links - Syntax • In HTML, links are defined with the <a> tag: Link Syntax: • <a href="url">link text</a> Example: • <a href="http://www.w3schools.com/html/">Visit our HTML tutorial</a>
- 14. INSERTING IMAGES 10-08-2015HYPER TEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE 14 • In HTML, images are defined with the <img> tag. • The <img> tag is empty, it contains attributes only, and does not have a closing tag. • The src attribute defines the url (web address) of the image: <img src="url" alt="some_text"> Example How to insert an image: • <img src="smiley.gif" alt="Smiley face" height="42" width="42">
- 15. 10-08-2015HYPER TEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE 15