This document summarizes a student group's site visit to a construction site. It introduces the group members and outlines their presentation, which includes an introduction to construction sites, information about the specific site visited, materials used, construction methods, and a conclusion. The site is located in Adnan Garden, Kamoke, covers an area of 2 Kanal, and is a 2-story building. Materials observed included bricks, blocks, cement, mud, and clay. Construction methods included concrete and masonry building techniques.

2. Introduction
• Submitted To:
Engr. Hadhi
• Submitted By:
Muhammad Usman (2017-UET-CCET-CIVIL-10)
Hassan Ur Rehman (2017-UET-CCET-CIVIL-18)
Roveed Raees Dar (2017-UET-CCET-CIVIL-29)
Taimoor Ahmed (2017-UET-CCET-CIVIL-23)

3. Presentation Sequence
• Introduction To Construction Site.
• Information About Construction Site.
• Material Used In Construction Project.
• Methods Of Construction.
• Conclusion.

4. Introduction Construction Site
• Construction is the process of constructing a building or infrastructure.
Construction differs from manufacturing in that manufacturing typically
involves mass production of similar items without a designated purchaser,
while construction typically takes place on location for a known
client. Construction as an industry comprises six to nine percent of the gross
domestic product of developed countries.
• Construction starts with planning, design, and financing; it continues until
the project is built and ready for use.

5. Information Of Site
• Location:
Adnan Garden, Kamoke.
• Area:
2 Kanal
• Storey:
2 Stories

6. Our Visited Construction Site

7. Materials Used In Construction
• Building material is any material used for construction purpose such as
materials for house building. Wood, cement, aggregates, metals, bricks,
concrete, clay are the most common type of building material used in
construction. The choice of these are based on their cost effectiveness for
building projects.

8. Materials Used In Construction Site
• Brick & Block:
A brick is a block made of kiln-fired material, usually clay or shale, but also
may be of lower quality mud, etc. Clay bricks are formed in a moulding (the
soft mud method), or in commercial manufacture more frequently by extruding
clay through a die and then wire-cutting them to the proper size (the stiff mud
process).
• Bricks were widely used as a construction material in the 1700, 1800 and
1900s. An important low-cost material in developing countries is the
Sandcrete block, which is weaker but cheaper than fired clay bricks.

9. Materials Used In Construction Site

10. Materials Used In Construction Site
• Cement:
• Cement is a binder and is perhaps
the crux of all kinds of
construction across India. It offers
strong resilience to the
construction and overall integrity
of the building.

11. Materials Used In Construction Site
The advantages include:
• Massive and are better at accumulating heat – a longer warming/cooling cycle
• Easily manufactured
• However, cement brings in several disadvantages when you look at the environment
side of the issue. They have:
• High carbon footprint
• Weather quickly – suck up dirt and dampness

12. Materials Used In Construction Site
• Mud & Clay:
The amount of each material used leads to different styles of buildings.
The other main ingredients include more or less sand/gravel and
straw/grasses. Soil and especially clay is good thermal mass; it is very good at
keeping temperatures at a constant level.
Homes built with earth tend to be naturally cool in the summer heat and warm
in cold weather. Clay holds heat or cold, releasing it over a period of time like
stone.

13. Materials Used In Construction Site

14. Methods Of Construction
• There are several methods to construct house some of them discussed with
detail here:
• Concrete.
• Masonary

15. Methods Of Construction
• Concrete:
• Concrete homes can be constructed from cast-in-place concrete, precast panels or
insulated-concrete forms that contain integral insulation. No matter which of these
methods you choose, concrete homes provide long-lasting durability and strength
with very little maintenance.
• They offer a high level of fire and pest resistance and are heavy enough to
withstand high winds and tough storms. Concrete homes tend to cost more than
wood or metal framing and often require experienced builders to ensure a safe
structure.

16. Methods Of Construction

17. Methods Of Construction
• Masonry:
Masonry homes include those built from block, stone or brick. Block often
serves as a basic framing material in areas subject to storms or high winds that
would be too damaging for wood or steel framing. Its heavy weight provides
strength and durability as well as excellent insulation and sound-blocking
properties. Block may be covered with siding or stone veneer, or even clad with
stucco for an easy and cost-effective finish.

18. Methods Of Construction

19. Methods Of Construction
• The concept of a brick or stone home has changed over the years. A century
ago, brick homes consisted of two rows of brick separated by a wall cavity.
The cavity kept water and air out of the home and served as a space for
insulation and waterproofing materials.
• Today, brick homes are rarely built this way and typically include an inner wall
of block and an outer brick or stone veneer wall. In some cases, brick or
stone veneer is simply adhered to the inner framing wall using mortar, while
in others it's offset by metal brick ties or straps.

20. Conclusion
• We visited this site and learned a lot. In This site 1st class brick is used. Type
of cement is Portland cement. This is 3 storey building. Its area is 2 Kanal

21. Thank You