Rapid population growth in India has led to issues such as depletion of natural resources, environmental degradation, high cost of living, rising unemployment, conflicts, increased crime and poverty. While progress has been made through initiatives like the Green Revolution, around 50% of Indian children remain malnourished and maternal mortality remains high. Efforts are needed to continue public awareness campaigns, empower women through education, and meet family planning needs to help reduce population growth and its negative effects on India.