How a country's economy effected by high population?

1. Economics
Topic: Hazards of High Population
Created By
Dipanway Bhabuk
DM14D15
CORE MARKETING

2. WHAT IS OVER POPULATION?
Human overpopulation occurs if the number of people in a group exceeds the carrying capacity of a
region occupied by that group. Overpopulation can further be viewed, in a long term perspective, as
existing when a population cannot be maintained without the rapid depletion of non-renewable
resources or without the degradation of the capacity of the environment to give support to the population.
Current population of the world- 7.125 billion (2013)

3. 1.252
billion
Total Male Population in India 2012
628,800,000 (628.8 million)
Total Female Population in India 2012
591,400,000 (591.4 million)
Total Population in INDIA
Source:
www.prb.org

4. Urban vs Rural
 833.5 million persons live in rural areas as per Census 2011, which was more than two-third of
the total population,
 377.1 million persons live in urban areas.
 Urban proportion has gone up from 17.3 per cent in 1951 to 31.2 per cent in 2011.

5. Causes of over population
The two main common causes leading to over population are:
 The birth rate is still higher than the death rate. We have been successful in declining the death
rates but the same cannot be said for birth rates.
 The fertility rate due to the population policies and other measures has been falling but even
then it is much higher.

6. EFFECT OF RAPID POPULATION GROWTH
• Unemployment: Generating employment for a huge population in a country like India is very
difficult. The number of illiterate persons increases every year. Unemployment rate is thus showing
an increasing trend.
• Manpower utilization: The number of jobless people is on the rise in India due to economic
depression and slow business development and expansion activities.
• Pressure on infrastructure: Development of infrastructural facilities is unfortunately not keeping
pace with the growth of population. The result is lack of transportation, communication, housing,
education, healthcare etc. There has been an increase in the number of slums, overcrowded houses,
traffic congestion etc.
• Low GDP: If there are too many people compared to a country's economic capacity, the country will
experience low GDP per capita. It will probably have poor human resources (lack of education) and
will have low productivity.

7. • Resource utilization: Land areas, water resources, forests are over exploited. There is also
scarcity of resources.
• Decreased production and increased costs: Food production and distribution have not been
able to catch up with the increasing population and hence the costs of production have
increased. Inflation is the major consequence of over population.
• Inequitable income distribution: In the face of an increasing population, there is an unequal
distribution of income and inequalities within the country widen.
• Shortage of food: One of the main economic problems for any country with an overpopulation
problem is the shortage of food, minerals, fuel and other resources. This applies particularly to
third world countries where harvest failure and famine are frequent.
Contd….

8. How to control over population?
• Controlling the growth of population, by adopting family planning and making people educated
about the ill effects of the over population.
• The mid-term objectives are outlined as aimed at bringing the total fertility to replacement levels ⎯
two children per couple.
• Strict enforcement of Child Marriage Restraint Act
• Rewards for couples below poverty line, who marry after legal age, have first child after the mother
reaches 21, accept small family norm and undergo sterilization after birth of two children.
• Controlling Illiteracy rate

9. THANK YOU
Presented By
Dipanway Bhabuk
DM14D15
CORE MARKETING