Week one lecture- Multimedia and Digital Publishing

BI 456
Multimedia Publishing
Week One Lecture

Learning Outcomes for Unit One:
At the end of this unit, you will:
1. Define publishing
2. Distinguish between traditional publishing and
digital publishing
3. Explain the merit and demerits of Traditional
publishing and Digital publishing
4. Identify the types of Digital publishing
5. Define Multimedia and Multimedia system
6. Understand and explain the terminologies in
Multimedia

What is Publishing?
• Publishing is the process of production and dissemination
of literature or information -the activity of making
information available to the general public. In some
cases, authors may be their own publishers, meaning:
originators and developers of content also provide media
to deliver and display the content for the same.
• The whole concept of publishing is about knowledge
management.
• The knowledge must go through value added editorial
processes.
• Must be disseminated to a target audience
• How to get information to the audience
– Analogue or Print-Media
– Electronic or Digital Media

Traditional or Analogue Publishing?
• Traditionally, the selection, preparation, and distribution
of printed matter—including books, newspapers,
magazines, and pamphlets Engraving using the early
Gutenberg press during the 15th century.

Merits of Analogue Publishing?
• Visually Appealing
• Tangible and durable
• Higher perceived value
• No access to technology required
• Greater quality control
• Accepted norm
• Valuable, certifiable and collectable;
• Does not require a power source.

Demerits of Analogue Publishing?
• Books are expensive
• Difficult to find a publisher
• Costly to publish
• High printing costs
• Restricted in Multimedia
• Distribution is labor intensive and costly
• Limited number of copies printed
• Require large storage place
• Lower profit margin for the author
• Concept of Electronic publishing

Concepts of Electronic Publishing and Web
Publishing?
Electronic 0r Digital Publishing
• Electronic publishing (also referred to as ePublishing or
digital publishing) includes the digital publication of e-
books, EPUBs, and electronic articles and the
distribution of written-information digitally through
CD-ROMs, DVDs, portable document files (PDF), or
online over the internet or other networks.
• Creation, distribution and sharing of digital content
through a variety of electronic media (web, CD-ROM,
disk). True digital publishing - takes advantage of
networking tools and multimedia capability.

Publishing?
Web Publishing
• Web publishing (also known as online publishing )
• The Web is a truly revolutionary advance in ability to
disseminate information.
• Web publishing has disadvantages, however; some
temporary, some inherent.
• The medium for dissemination is the internet It isn’t
free: initial and ongoing costs.
• If you publish on the Web, do it for the right reasons.

Publishing?
Electronic Publishing products
• CD-ROM, e-journals (Electronic or Online newspaper
article), e-books, Online Catalogue, Directories on the Web.
Online News Sources QR code Collaborative software Audio
, Video File sharing, digital libraries, Database, Wikipedia,
Mobile apps, Twitter, RSS (Really Simple Syndication ), E-
mail, Facebook, Blog, YouTube, Online Questionnaires e.t.c

Advantages and Disadvantages of Electronic
Publishing
Advantages of e- Publishing
• Speed, easily searchable Rapid communication between
the participants in the network and communicate with each
other. for example, Articles can be put on the Web as soon
as they are ready, without having to wait maybe months for
a space in a journal issue. Provide Capabilities make it easier
for users to search and access data and information
required directly and very quickly.

Publishing
• Interactive: Electronic interaction with the buyer or user of
an electronic publication, the producer can collect valuable
market- research data very cheaply. The rapid turnaround
time means that articles can be read, commented on by the
journals readers, and amended much more quickly than can
be done with print.

Publishing
• Lower costs of review, change and added: It is easy to
conduct audits and their modifications (add or delete) the
material published electronically, and get the updated
version for publication without significant cost. Electronic
publishing has removed much of the cost and risk involved
in print publishing.

Publishing
• Accessibility: Electronic publishing are accessible to all users
regardless of geographic location. it is far cheaper for these
researchers to get one computer with Internet access than
to subscribe to many journals, so electronic journals will be
a tool for further breaking down the barriers to democratic
research.

Publishing
• Links, added value Links are the mainstay of the hypertext
format, and should be exploited: Not only can papers link to
those they have cited, but with a bit of effort, they can be
linked to those that cite them. Rather than just recreate a
print journal in exact format, which many of the commercial
publishers are doing, advantage should be taken of all the
possibilities of the Web to add value, for example by using
animation, virtual reality and interactive mathematical
charts.

Publishing
• Save Time & Storage: More information can be stored
electronically than on paper and e- Published material
can be sent across the globe in a few seconds. The
actual time it takes for a book to get published is much
faster than in traditional publication.

Publishing
• Keep Rights: Where paper publishers usually try to obtain
as many rights as possible, the e-Publisher usually retains
none. That means the writer keeps the rights to his work
and even has the option to take it to a paper publisher at a
later date.

Publishing
Disadvantages of e- Publishing
• Temporary disadvantages: Web services not yet available
everywhere. Many people will need training to us e this
resource, etc.
• Inherent disadvantages: requires computing equipment to
use etc. Multiplicity of Platforms (Web -pages can
experience inconsistency of appearance between different
computer architectures) Updates may not be applicable to
all Pages.

Publishing
• Theft of literary and scientific: The existence of this
vast amount of information on the Internet makes it
easy to carry out piracy and robbery.
• Comfort: the print paper can be read in any place and
on any position relaxes the reader but the book
published electronically cannot benefit from it but only
the existence the computer. The main disadvantages
of digital information are the limitations of the
computer monitor. This leads to problems with
reading, particularly over four or five screens,
annotation and portability; however, with the advent
of smart technology this may not always hold.

Publishing
• Perishable citation Once printed, the details of a paper
journal remain constant, thus finding them again is
straightforward, however web sites change their URLs or
frequently disappear altogether.
• Costly to publish: It’s true that the overheads are lower for
the publisher, but that doesn’t mean the cost of the book
itself is less.
• Sales for e-books: are not as great as they are for paper.
• Cost: There are financial and time costs related to the use of
electronic publishing. The user must have a computer
monitor, software, service provider and browser

Publishing
• Technical difficulties: The reader must possess some basic
computing and networking skills in order to take advantage
of electronic
• Format: E-publishing initially required readers to have
certain software for e-books.

Types of e- publishing
A - According to the medium:
• Hard Discs
• Other magnetic media: Magnetic Tapes.
• CD-ROMs, Disks and multi-purpose media and CD- DVD &
Blu-ray.
• USB (Universal Serial Bus)
• SD card memory - SD (Secure Digital)
• MP3 (MPEG-1 Audio Layer 3)
• MP4 ( MPEG-4 Part 14 )

B - According to the types of databases:
• Bibliographic Databases
• Full-Databases
• Reference Databases
• Statistical Databases or Numerical Databases

C - According to points of access and methods of access to
information
• Local, Specialized, National Network of any documents and
information sources that can be obtained from
the collaborative networks at the level of a specific
geographic area (ministry, city ... etc.).
• Wide Area Network which networks on a regional
level specific.
• The Internet for public users.

D - According to points processing
• there are two points -of processing the information
available electronically, and they are:
1. Commercial sources, institutions and
businesses distributed in various regions of the world,
which seeks to profit from
the material made available to the information.
2. Sources of institutional non-profit organization, such
as universities, research institutes and documentation
centers.

“Multi”- “Media” defined
• Multi:
– Many or Multiple
• Media:
– Ways or channels of communication
– Tools that is used to represent or do a certain things,
– delivery medium, a form of mass communication –
– newspaper, magazine or TV
– Distribution tool & information presentation – text,
– graphic, voice, images, music and etc.

Multimedia, what is it?
• It is any woven combination of text, art, sound, animation,
and video delivered to you by computer or other electronic
or digitally manipulated means.
• the combination of various digital media types, such as text,
images, sound, and video, into an integrated multisensory
interactive application or presentation to convey a message
or information to an audience.
• It is richly presented sensation.
• When you weave together the sensual elements of
multimedia, you can electrify the thought and action
centers of people’s minds.

• When you allow an end user - also known as the viewer of a
multimedia project - to control what and when the
elements are delivered, it is called interactive multimedia.
• When you provide a structure of linked elements through
which the user can navigate, interactive multimedia
becomes hypermedia.
• The people who weave multimedia into meaningful
tapestries are called multimedia developers.
• The software vehicle, the messages, and the content
presented on a computer, television screen, PDA (personal
digital assistant), or mobile phone together constitute a
multimedia project.

• If the project is to be shipped or sold to consumers or end
users, typically delivered as a download on the Internet but
also on a CD-ROM or DVD in a box or sleeve, with or
without instructions, it is a multimedia title.
• A multimedia project need not be interactive to be called
multimedia: users can sit back and watch it just as they do a
movie or the television. In such cases a project is linear, or
starting at the beginning and running through to the end.
• When users are given navigational control and can wander
through the content at will, multimedia becomes nonlinear
and user interactive, and is a powerful personal gateway to
information.

• Determining how a user will interact with and navigate
through the content of a project requires great attention to
the message, the scripting or storyboarding, the artwork,
and the programming.
• Multimedia elements are typically sewn together into a
project using authoring tools. These software tools are
designed to manage individual multimedia elements and
provide user interaction.
• Integrated multimedia is the “weaving” part of the
multimedia definition, where source documents such as
montages, graphics, video cuts, and sounds merge into a
final presentation.

• The sum of what gets played back and how it is presented
to the viewer on a monitor is the graphical user interface,
or GUI (pronounced “gooey”).
• The GUI is more than just the actual graphics on the
screen—it also often provides the rules or structure for the
user’s input.
• The hardware and software that govern the limits of what
can happen here are the multimedia platform or
environment.

Multimedia System
• A Multimedia System is a system capable of processing
multimedia data and applications.
• A Multimedia System has the capability of processing,
storing, generating, manipulating and rendering of
information.

Characteristics of Multimedia System
A Multimedia system has four basic characteristics:
1. Multimedia systems must be computer controlled.
2. Multimedia systems are integrated.
3. The information they handle must be represented
digitally.
4. The interface to the final presentation of media is
usually interactive.

Digital Media Types
Also known as sensual elements or components of
multimedia:
• Text
• Audio
• Images/Art
• Video
• Animations

Tools to Edit Digital Media Types
• Text
– Applications for creating or editing text include Word
Processing Applications, Adobe InDesign, Adobe
InCopy, open office, libre office, LateX, Quark Express
etc.
– Text can be written, spoken or sung
• Sound
– Tools for creating or editing sounds include Cubase,
Fruity Loops, Adobe Audition, Adobe Sound Booth,
Cool Edit Pro etc.
– Also called audio can be voice over, sound effect or
music

• Graphics
– Also termed as images or art. Images can be
raster/bitmap or vector
– Applications for crating and editing graphics include
Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Light room, Adobe
Illustrator, CorelDraw, GIMP, Pixlr, etc.
Images may be Drawings, Charts, paintings, diagrams,
photographs, etc.

• Video
– Applications for creating videos include Lightroom,
Windows Movie Maker, Pinnacle, Adobe Premier,
Adobe After Effect, Ulead Video Studio, techsmith
Camtasia, etc.
Videos can be live (real time) or recorded (non-real
time)

• Animation
– Application for creating and editing animation include
Toon Boom Studio, Adobe Flash etc.

Multimedia Productions
What are the types of multimedia productions?
• Presentations
• Tutorials
• Games
• Simulations
• Web pages

What are Presentations
• Presentations are sequences of slides, also called pages
or screens, that usually incorporate text, sound,
graphics, and animation.
• Used by:
– Businesses to present information
– Teachers or students in classrooms

What are Tutorials?
• Tutorials are computer-based instructions that teach
skills or procedures.
• Can be used by:
– Businesses to train their employees
– Schools and colleges to teach or review subject
matter

What are Simulations?
• Simulations are computer-based models of real-life
situations.
• Can be used for:
– Training
– Entertaining
– Informing

What are Games?
– Entertaining
– Training
What are Webpages?
– Training
– Entertaining
– Informing

The Value of Multimedia in Society
There are a number of fields where multimedia could be of
use. Examples are:-
• Business
• Education
• Entertainment
• Home
• Public Places

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