A presentation to guide students in the above topic

1. LIQUID STATE OF
MATTER IN RELATION TO
PHARMACY
By:
GROUP ONE (1)
SECOND YEAR
DIPLOMA IN PHARMACY

2. OUTLINE:
INTRODUCTION
LIQUID STATE OF MATTER
PROPERTIES OF LIQUID
LIQUID STATE OF MATTER IN RELATION TO PHARMACY

3. INTRODUCTION
Liquids are forms of matter that has definite volume but no defined shape
which takes the shape of the containers into which they are put/place.
What do you think of when someone mentions a liquid, what's comes in your
mind probably H2O but other examples are: Milk, gasoline, blood, urine,
wine and cooking oil
However, in the field of pharmacy liquids are really important .a huge
amount of medication are in the liquid state (solutions).examples include
1. Injections
2. IV fluids
3. Syrups
4. Disinfectants and much more

4. LIQUID STATE OF MATTER
Firstly lets disintegrate some terms ,what's is /are ;
1. Liquid &Liquid state of matter
We ask the questions ,what's a liquid?
Answer ； Liquid is one of the four common states of matter. The
three others are gas, solid, and plasma. There are also some other
exotic states of matter that have been discovered in recent years

5. PROPERTIES OF LIQUID
1. COMPRESSIBILITY: They are incompressible as the molecules are
closed together to the extent that atmospheric pressure does not
decrease
2. VISCOSITY: This is the measure of the resistance to follow.
Molecules with complex structure, smoothly pass each other and
polar, molecules tend to have higher viscosity than non – polar
liquids. Examples of a polar substance is water and for non – polar
substance is petrol gasoline etc.
NOTE: The temperature the for atmospheric pressure is 180mm/Hg
3. SURFACE TENSION: This is the measure of attractive molecular
force at the surface of a liquid.
Surface Tension decreases as temperature increase. Surface
tension have a direct proportion to the polarity of the molecules.

6. PROPEERTIES OF SURFACE
TENSION (LIQUID)
1. SURFACTANT: These are activate agent or substance which when
added decreases or reduce the surface tension of the liquid, therefore
increasing its spreading and wetting properties. In the dyeing of
textiles, surfactants help the dye penetrate fabric evenly. A Common
surfactant is soap (that is detergent of soap decreases water surface
tension) These promote the interaction between grease and dirt
making it easier to remove.
2. VAPOUR PRESSURE: boiling point, condensation, evaporation are
related. However Vapour pressure is defined as the pressure exerted
by vapour in thermodynamic equilibrium with its condense phases at
a given temperature in closed system.
3. VANDER WAALS FORCES: Is a general term used to defined the
attraction of intermolecular forces between molecules. There are two
types of vandar Waals forces(weak) dipole - dipole forces (stronger)

7. Milk is a type of liquid. A liquid takes on the
shape of the container it is in. The milk has the
same shape as the glass. Liquids have a surface.
The surface of the milk is near the top of the
glass where the milk meets the air above it.

8. Liquid State Of Matter In Relation To
Pharmacy
For us to establish the importance of liquids in relation to pharmacy lets
consider these case scenarios
1. A young baby got sick
2. A guy drop from an hypoglycemic attack
3. An unconscious patient
4. A cholera patient
Which kind of treatment route will you reasonable choose for this cases
a) Tablets
b) I v fluids / Syrups/injections

9. However , let discuss each case
• For case 1 - the patient is a young child ,so he cant chew or swallow a paracetamol tablets , but luckily
there is a paracetamol syrup/injection so administering liquid medication is a very wise idea and help the
child to heal faster
• Case 2-the guy who dropped because of hypoglycemia attack is unconscious and he cant respond to take
a tablet ,so perhaps administering iv fluids (example dextrose or D5%/glucose) will save that patient
• Case 3- for an unconscious patient just like case 2 I v fluids/injections are the best option. e.g..
Administering ringers lactate or NS
• Case 4
• For a cholera patient we know that they are dehydrated and weak and one of the first step is to hydrate
the patient using fluid(liquids )
• So now we all can agree that liquids are live saving substances and very important in pharmacy

11. THANK YOU ALL