This document discusses the use of GFRP (glass fiber reinforced polymer) rebar, also known as MST-BARTM, as an alternative to steel rebar in concrete structures. It notes that corrosion of steel rebar is a major problem that costs governments and taxpayers money. MST-BARTM offers several advantages over steel rebar like higher strength, lighter weight, zero corrosion, longer lifespan, and lower lifetime costs. The document provides test data comparing the properties of MST-BARTM to steel. It also discusses codes, standards, applications, and cost analyses related to the use of GFRP rebar in infrastructure like bridges, marine structures, and buildings.

1. ENGINEERED REBAR
FOR
CONCRETE STRUCTURES
Made in Canada

2. OUTLINE
i. Why Corrosion is a problem & Typical examples
ii. What is an alternative solution (use GFRP Bar)
iii. Mechanical & physical properties of MST-BAR™
iv. Main advantages of MST-BAR™ over Black Steel
v. Approvals & Certificates
vi. Codes, Designs & Standards
vii. Typical Applications
viii. Cost Analysis
ix. MST-BAR™ Physical Properties Test Results

3. • Why Corrosion is a problem?
What justifies the use of MST-BAR™ in today's infrastructures
• Governments & Taxpayers can no longer afford to pay concurrently for replacing,
maintenance and expansion of infrastructure
• Corrosion is a dangerous and extremely costly problem and is draining the economy
silently
• Safety of infrastructures can become problematic when subjected to harsh
environmental conditions
• Steel is an old material, it’s great but often does not fit some applications!

4. • Typical example of Corrosion on bridges & Seawalls

5. • Typical example of corrosion on bridge decks

6. • Typical example of corrosion on Marine Structures

7. • Typical example of corrosion on Marine Structures

8. MST-BAR™ -Mega Strength Bar
Mechanical & Physical Properties of Straight GFRP

9. Stress-Strain Curves
Steel’s maximum stress level is 500MPa and GFRP is above 1000MPa for the same
diameter. That is twice the load capacity of steel.

10. Stress-Strain Chart
Comparison of MST-BAR with Steel and Carbon bar
Actual Test Curve of MST-BAR for 16mm diameter bar

11. Fatigue Comparison GFRP/CFRP/STEEL
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
100 1,000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000
No. of Cycles (Nos.)
CrackWidth(mm)
Comparison of GFRP, CFRP and STEEL Reinforced Slabs
Cycles to
Failure
@ 60 t
23,162
198,863
Cycles
420,684
Cycles
Failur
e@ 60 t
23,162
Cycles
STEEL
Punching Shear
Failure Mode
STEELSTEEL
CFRP
GFRP
Fatigue under 60 t LoadFatigue under 60 t Load Punching Shear
Failure Mode
STEEL
GFRP
CFRP

12.  Zero corrosion: 100% resistance to any & all harsh environmental factors, No rusting
 High chemical resistance: Impervious to salt and other chemical attacks
 High tensile strength: 2 x stronger than steel with tensile strength of 1000MPa
 Light weight: 4 x (i.e. 73%) lighter than steel, (2100 Kg/m3 vs.7800 Kg/m3), Ease of transportation
 Long life span: over 100 years life span (GFRP) vs 25 years (Black Steel)
 High fatigue life: 20 x higher resistance under cyclic loading (440,000 cycle vs. 40,000 cycle)
 Non Conductive, & Non-Electromagnetic: Ideal for high electrical field, e.g. power stations
 Non Magnetic: Ideal for hospitals, MRI rooms, laboratories & other uses
 Radar Transparent: ideal for Airport
 Low thermal conductivity: Makes it suitable for use in hot and cold environments, power plants
 Low thermal expansion: Very low thermal expansion factor results in compatibility with concrete
 High bonding strength: Much greater bonding strength to concrete (20 Mpa)
 Ease of cutting & handling: Faster & cheaper installation and site handling
 Fire rated: Capacity to stand for more than 3 hours in direct fire with minimum concrete cover
 Sustainable to environment: Environmentally friendly, less Green House Gases while transporting
 High durability & performance: No maintenance required, No additional project cost, Major savings
 Min. concrete cover: requires minimum concrete cover i.e. 38mm, (2 ½ x less cracking of concrete)
 Detection by GPR : Easily detected by GPR
 No waterproofing: For bridge decks, unique saving for future
Advantages of MST-BAR™ Over Steel Rebar

13. Dis-advantages of MST-BAR™ Over Steel Rebar
CONCLUSION:
MST-BAR® it is proven for its long-term saving with life of over 100 years
vs Black steel of 25 years
MST-BAR® with its proven higher performance not only will not add
additional costs to the project; it will certainly result in major savings

14. Approvals
 American Concrete Institution (ACI-440.3)
 ASTM D7957
 Canadian Standard Association (CSA-S807)
 ISO 9001:2008 Quality Control BSI-British Standard Institution
 MTO qualified for Grade III(DSM)
 FDOT Approved GFRP manufacturing plant

15. Canadian Design Guide for use of GFRP Bar
Canada -Highway Bridge Design Code Canada – FRP design guide

16. USA Design Guide for use of GFRP Bar
AASHTO design guide ACI design guide

17. Standards & Codes
International
ASTM D7957-17 “Standard Specification for Solid Round Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Bars for Concrete
Reinforcement”
Canada
CAN/CSA-S807 (R2015) “Specification for fibre-reinforced polymers” Canadian Standards Association
CAN/CSA-S6-06 (2006) Fibre Reinforced Structures, “Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code” Canadian Standards
Association, pg.693-728
CAN/CSA-S806-02 (R2007) “Design and Construction of Building Components with Fibre-Reinforced Polymers” Canadian
Standards Association
The Structural Innovation & Monitoring Technologies Resource Centre (SIMTReC):
Manual No. 3 (Version 2) ”Reinforcing Concrete Structures with Fibre Reinforced Polymers (FRPs)”, Dr. Sami Rizkalla, Dr.
Aftab Mufti
Manual No. 4 “Strengthening Reinforced Concrete Structures with Externally-Bonded Fibre Reinforced Polymers (FRPs)”,
Dr. Kenneth Neale
Manual No. 5 ”Prestressing Concrete Structures with FRPs” Dr. Ivan Campbell
USA
ACI 440.1R-06 (2006) ”Report on Fiber Reinforced Poly. (FRP) Reinforcement for Concrete Structures”, ACI Committee
440, American Concrete Institute
ACI 440R-07 (2007) ”Report on Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Reinforcement for Concrete Structures” ACI Committee
440, American Concrete Institute
ACI 440.5-08 (2008) ”Specification for Construction with Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Reinforcing Bar” ACI Committee 440,
American Concrete Institute
ACI 440.6-08 (2008) “Specification for Carbon and Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Bar Materials for Concrete
Reinforcement,” ACI Committee 440, American Concrete Institute
AASHTO GFRP-1 (2019) ” AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Guide Specifications for GFRP-Reinforced Concrete Bridge
Decks and Traffic Railings”, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials

18. Applications
 Bridge Decks & infrastructures, Transportation, Highway paving
 Road side Barriers, Bridge parapets, Paving, Concrete slabs
 Precast structural elements; e.g. deck panels, culverts, piles, columns, Pipe rings
 Retaining walls, Box culverts
 Marine & waterfront Structures, e.g. seawalls, docks, ports, dams, coastal etc.
 Tunneling; e.g. TBM ring precast segments; Soft eye
 LRT’s & Heavy Rail (electrical mitigations), rail traverse (plinth) 100% GFRP Bars
 Structural Strengthening & rehabilitation, bridge Deck replacement
 Waste water treatment plants
 Multi-story RC Parkades slabs
 Nuclear Power Plants & Electrical power plants & Chemical Plants
 MRI Rooms & Hospitals
 Airport runway
 Mining

19. Typical applications for use of GFRP Bars
Bridge Decks Power Plant
Marine & Waterfront Structures
Tunneling (Soft eye)
Hospitals & MRI Rooms

20. Application of GFRP on RC bridge decks & road paving

21. Application of GFRP use on RC bridge decks

22. Application of GFRP use on RC Seawalls & RC Bridge

23. Application of GFRP use on RC Piles

24. Application of GFRP use on RC Precast elements

25. Application of GFRP use on Various RC projects

26. Application of GFRP use on RC parkade & footings

27. Use of MST- BAR on bridge rehabilitation in Panama

28. Other Applications: RC Walls, Floors, Paving
Power Plant

29. Cost Study: BLACK STEEL
Chloride ions, moisture and salts will penetrate through the membrane and begin
corroding its top reinforcement
CONCLUSION: 25 years after the road construction, its asphalt surface will have
to be rehabilitated, the membrane would require replacement and the upper
reinforcement would corrode needing to be replaced. Considering the life span of
MST-BAR® at well over 100 years, the savings that it brings to any and all
construction projects is undoubtedly substantial.
Deck with use of Black Steel Rebar

30. Reducing Your Corrosion Protection by MST-BAR
 When using MST-BAR the following protection can be removed by
CSA Code
 Membrane
 Reducing concrete cover from 70mm to 40mm
 Removing C.N.I.
 Reducing or Removing Asphalt completely
With Steel With MST-BAR

31. COST SAVINGS OF MST-BAR™
 Transportation Costs, 4 times lower due to its 73% lighter weight
 Minimum required concrete cover, 38mm for bars #2 -5 and 50mm for bars #6 -8,
(the regular steel bar concrete requires 65mm)
 Increase in labor performance and less fatigue for labors during placing the bar
result in faster installation
 MST-BAR® price with its proven higher performance will not add any extra cost to
the project however it will result in saving.
 40-60% less expensive than stainless steel rebar while MST-BAR® has much higher
performance than the most expensive Stainless-Steel
 No water proofing membrane, a unique cost-saving feature
 NEVER Epoxy coat paint, re-patch the concrete or replace the rusted bars is no
longer needed
 MST-BAR, does not required any maintenance

32. Initial Cost Comparison
Black Steel Galvanized/E
poxy Coated
Stainless-
Steel
MST-BAR
Size #5(16mm) #5(16mm) #5(16mm) #5(16mm)
Corrosion
Resistance
Extremely weak
in corrosive
environment
weak in corrosive
environment
Very Good in
corrosive
environment
Excellent in
corrosive
environment
Strength 450 MPa 450 MPa 500MPa >1000MPa
Weight 7850 kg/m3 7850 kg/m3 8400 kg/m3 2100 kg/m3
Corrosion
protection
options
requirement
MUST MUST Optional Optional
Price $1.57/m-
Not installed
$2.82/m -
installed
$2.9/m-
Not installed
$3.77/m
installed
$9.5/m
Not installed
$12.56/m
installed
$3.1 /m to $4/m
Not installed
$4/m
installed
Required maintenance every 15-20
years
>75 years >100 years

33. Typical Initial Cost of Slab with 6.5m length
With Black Steel With MST-BAR
Unit Cost Per Slab
Concrete
with
inhibitor
250$/m3 406$
Formwork 120$/m2 780$
Topping
60$/m2
Membrane
+35$/m2
Asphalt
618
rebar
1850
$/Tons
260
Sub Total 1804 Note: All the prices are
Including installation
Unit Cost
Per
Slab
Concrete
with no
inhibitor
220$/m3 315$
Formwork 120$/m2 780$
Topping
Single Membrane:
25$/m2
Asphalt Optional
150$
rebar #5 @ 3.1$/m 578$
Sub Total 1823
Required maintenance
after 10-15 years
Doesn’t Required major maintenance
for over 75 years

34. • MST-BAR™ - Advantages For Fabricators?
Why use of MST-BAR™ in today's infrastructures
1. MST Bar FRP Manufacturing strong relation with our customer
2. Working hand to hand & in parallel with our customer during estimation
to ensure the minimum error
3. Engineering and Testing Report
4. No Minimum quantity!
5. Any size and shape available
6. Ease of handling & installation because of fully ribbed profile
7. Competitive and Flexible pricing
8. Strong QC/QA program
9. Many years of experience in composite industry

35. BENT MST-BAR™
All sizes of bent MST-BAR may be
produced only in the production
plant and not at the construction
site, in a specifically dedicated
machinery, with an entirely different
process in accordance with the
engineering specifications &
drawings.
35