Analytical Profile of Coleus Forskohlii | Forskolin .pptx
Expression of Immunoglobin gene
1.
Group Members
• Maria Idrees
• Hafiz Jamil
• Abdul Manan
• Muhammad Sajawal
• Bilal Naeem
Topic
• Expression_Of_Immunoglobulin
Gene(Ig)
2.
Definition :-
Protein produce in response to an antigen stimulus
with the capacity to bind specifically to the antigen.
And after bind antibody eliminate foreign particle or
antigen.
Antibody is also known as Immunoglobulin
gene(Ig).
Antibody
3.
It is large Y shaped protein produced mainly by
Plasma cells that is used by the Immune System to
neutralize pathogens, such as pathogenic bacteria
and virus etc.
When pathogenic attack Y shaped of antibody bind
with antigen.
Antibody has specificity, a specific antibody can bind
with its specific antigen.
Introduction of
Antibody
5.
Antibodies are Y shaped protein in nature.
(glycoprotein)
Each tip of the Y of an antibody contain a Paratope
that is specific for particular Epitope of an antigen.
One end of antibody is Amino terminal(NH3) where
an antigen bind.
And one end is carboxylic(COOH)
Amino terminal end of antibody bind with
carboxylic end of antigen.
Structure Of Antibody
6.
Antibodies are Y shaped glycoprotein and consist of
basic structural units:-
1. 2 identical heavy polypeptide chain
2. 2 identical light polypeptide chain
3. Different type of crystalline fragments(Fc)
4. Fab region
5. Hinge region
Structure of Antibody (Continue..)
8.
Chains ( heavy and light ) of antibody are connected by
Disulphide bond.
HEAVY CHAIN
5 type of mammalian Ig heavy chain.
IgA, IgD, IgG, IgE, IgM
IgA and IgG contain approximately 450 amino acids
IgM and IgE contain approximately 550 amino acids
Heavy chain have 2 regions
i. Constant region
ii. Variable region
Explanation
9.
LIGHT CHAIN
In mammals 2 types of Ig light chain.
a) Lambda
b) Kappa
2 domains constant and variable.
Approximate length 211-217 amino acid.
Kappa and Lambda are present in mammals.
Other types like iota chain are found in vertebrates
like sharks and bony fish.
Explanation (Continue..)
11.
Fab
The arms of Y , contain the sites which can
bind to antigens are known as Fab (
Fragments antigenic binding regions )
Fab have
a) One constant domain
b) One variable domain
Explanation (Continue..)
13.
The base of the Y plays a role in modulating immune
cell activity, this region is called Fc(Fragments
crystallization) region.
Composed of 2 heavy chain.
And chains contain 2 or 3 constant domains.
Fc
14.
Processing of primer transcript to remove
intervening sequence including non coding introns.
And J gene segments not lost during v-(D)-J
Rearrangements.
Remaining exons are connected by a process called
splicing.
Final mRNA products is then exported from nucleus
and then translated by ribosomes into complete
Heavy or Light Chain.
Expression
15.
Immunoglobulin can exist on either membrane
bound or secreted from.
Processing can yield different mRNA’s
This processing explains the production of secreted
or membrane bound forms of a particular
immunoglobulin.
And the simultaneous expression of IgM and IgD by
a single B-Cell.
Processing of Heavy Chain
16.
Mature B-Cell produce only membrane bound antibody
Plasma cell secreted antibody.
Expression of membrane bound Ig
Controlled by different RNA processing.
If the heavy chain transcript is cleaved and
polyadenylated at site 2 after the Cu exons,
then RNA will encode the membrane form of micro
heavy chain.
Where membrane bound or
secreted Ig formed ?
17.
If polyadenylation is instead further downstream at
site 4, after the Cs exons.
Then RNA splicing will remove intervening Cu exons
and produce mRNA encoding the membrane form of
the Gemma heavy chain.
Continue..
19.
The initial pre-mRNA transcript is synthesized.
Importantly, the pre-mRNA transcripts have two
poly-A sites within the Cu gene segments.
If the M1, M2 exons are spliced out, mRNA for
secreted IgM is produced.
Expression of membrane bound Ig
and secreted Ig
