Language acquisition the 8th Lecture. Ms.Hajar ALmansour

1. LEARNING STRATEGIES
Ms.Hajar Almansour
8th Lecture

2. A Learning Strategy is a person’s approach to
learning and using information. Students use
Learning Strategies to help them understand
information and solve problems. Students who do
not know or use good learning strategies often
learn passively and ultimately fail in school.
Learning Strategy instruction focuses on making
students more active learners by teaching them
how to learn and how to use what they have
learned to be successful.
LEARNING STRATEGIES

3. Show students how to be better
learners.
Build students’ self-efficacy.
Increase student motivation for
learning.
Help students become reflective and
critical thinkers.
WHY TEACH LEARNING
STRATEGIES?

4. O’Malley & Chamot (1990)
Metacognitive
Cognitive Socio-
Affective
Three-way classification

5. Metacognitive strategies
 processes learners consciously use to
supervise or manage their language
learning.
 allow learners to control their own
cognition by planning what they will
do, checking how it is going, and then
evaluating how it went.

6. (Metacognitive)
 （advance organizers）
 （directed attention）
 （selective attention）
 （self-management）
 （advance preparation）
 （self-monitoring）
 （delayed production）
 （self-evaluation）

7. Cognitive strategies
the learning strategies of
identification, grouping, retention,
and storage of language material,
as well as the language use
strategies of retrieval, rehearsal,
and comprehension or production
of words, phrases, etc.

8. (cognitive)
 （repetition）
 （translation）
 （grouping）
 （note-taking）
 （key word）
 （contextualization）
 （elaboration）
 （transfer）
 （inferencing）

9. Affective strategies
strategies for regulating emotions,
motivation, and attitudes;
strategies for reduction of anxiety
and for self-encouragement.

10. Social strategies
strategies for interacting with
other people for learning and
practice

11. (social/affective)
 （co-operation）
 (questioning for clarification)
 （questioning for help)