Grenoble Electrical Engineering Laboratory (G2Elab) Schneider Electric Utility Innovation

2012
Grenoble Electrical Engineering
Laboratory (G2Elab)
Schneider Electric Utility Innovation
• 1
FROM FIT&FORGET TO #IoT DRIVEN DISTRIBUTION NETWORK
THE IMPORTANCE OF STANDARDIZATION & DECENTRALIZATION
Increase Summer School 2015
Gaspard Lebel - VPP & Smart Grid Innovation
Gent – Belgium - July 15th
gaspard.lebel@g2elab.grenoble-inp.fr gaspard-lebel @gaspardlebel

Gaspard Lebel | G2Elab | Schneider Electric Innovation | July 2015
MSc in Energy systems and associated markets
First experience of Demand Response aggregation
of TSOs services supply
Industrial PhD in ancillary services supply to the Utilities
based on DER coordination (VPP)
From Business Analysis to Field Test demo.
Involvement in 3 European Projects & Innovation initiave.
Formal meeting with major European DSOs Innovation managers
Presentation
• 2
gaspard-lebel
gaspard.lebel@g2elab.
grenoble-inp.fr
@gaspardlebel
FromenergymarketanalysistoDSOsoperation
@

Foreword | Grid Automation Roadmap | Challenges | SGAM | Dream FP7 use casesForeword
Outline
The Smart Grid back in its context
The history of feeder automation & the illusion of
100% Smart Grid functions roll-out
The decentralization & standardization as keys
challenges to come
The opportunity of SGAM standardization commitee for
interoperability
The application of decentralized Smart Grid functions
in
• 3
Grid Automation Roadmap Challenges Dream FP7 use casesSGAM

Foreword
The political & societal reality should be kept in mind
for any R&D contribution in Power Networks:
Decarbonisation of the power production assets
Trends of electrification of things to handle
(Heat Pumps, Electrical Vehicles)
… to be satisfied at the cheapest cost for the Society
• 5
Role of the Grid:
Minimization of the non feed-in energy through:
Maximization of market coupling
Power quality regulation & congestion management

Foreword
Need for pragmatism & cost minimization at the
scale of the public society
• 6
?
3kW
x400hr
PV
Grid
reinforcement
Hot
water
+ Intelligence
Study EWI: 10%
curtailment enables
to double the grid
integration ability
RES-E
curtailment
Thermal
Storage
+ Intelligence
Chemical
Storage
/ /

Foreword
• 7
Grid
reinforcement
100%
+ +
90%
+ +
= x MWh/y
= z MWh/y
x
z
?
Additional
Capacity
Hot
water
+ Intelligence/

Technical Road Map of Network
Automation

Technical Road Map of Network
Automation
• 9

Challenges

Challenges of decentralization
• 18
20172015
Not yet really
DSO-operated
in FR
5% roll-out + high
operation delay (≈ 4hr)
No LV measurement neither DSO-controlled assets
No precise MV current
& voltage sensors No MV/LV
OLTC
10-15% of remotelly
controlled switch gear
But:
Anectodal
(100-150MW)
Full feeder automation capability coming soon…
…but with which roll-out?

100% Smart Grid roll-out scenario
100% of:
Smart Meters :
MV/LV substation RTU :
MV/LV OLTC :
+ Standardization cost, ICT cost, etc.
• 19
170 €
+ 100 €
+ 200 €
= 500 – 700 €
= 17 – 24 B€
per end-user
for ErDF
9 – 12* GW
of on-shore
wind power
*2€/W installed cost
France Sept. 2014:
8.8GW installed
100%
Smart-Grid

Challenges of decentralization
Blind LV networks especially
from the DMS view
Only down the meters flexibility
available in the LV
Uncertainties around the Smart
Meters
No short-term massive network
automation roll-out
At short term, still surgical
action of DSO for constraint
management
While technology is almost there!
• 20
Claim
Decentralized solution
Not DMS-related
Based on step-by-step
automation
Involving the down the
meters flexibility
unknown
• Effective DSOs’ need?
• Interoperability
Centralized Real-time
delay in FR: ≈4hr

Challenge of standardization
New paradigm & opportunity of standardization:
DSOs as private ICT network operator
= opportunity of ICT channel sharing to connect DER
DSOs as manager of non DSO-owned assets
= need for communication capability between RTUs & DERs
Perspective of too many DER to connect
= need for DMS & RTUs compliant connectivity
Presence of too large DER critical size to pay-back business-as-usual
load controller
= opportunity of standardization for cost leverage through native
protocol embedment.
• 21

Issue of going through the meter:
• 22
DMS
Power Power
ICT (PLC) ICT (RX/TX)
ICT (TCP/IP)
Regulatory issue
Server
- 8-2
ADSL box
Energy BoxSmart MeterMV/LV RTU

Issue of going through the meter:
• 23
Power Power
ICT (PLC) ICT (RX/TX)
ICT (TCP/IP)
Server
- 8-2
ADSL box
Energy BoxSmart MeterMV/LV RTU

SGAM

SGAM
Developped by under Mandate
M/490 of the European Commission
Driver: « Interoperability is seen as
a key enabler of Smart Grid »
Interoperabitily is not only technical
• 25
Arnaud Ulian Business Use
Case definition
GridWise Architecture Council
(GWAC)
Deliverable 2.1 Business Use Cases
Definition and Requirements

SGAM
Interoperability Layers
• 26
GridWise Architecture Council
(GWAC)
SGAM

Interoperability Layers
SGAM
• 27
Physical distribution of all participating components:
System actors + power system equipment + network infra.
Protocols & mecanism for interoperable information exchange
Recap information exchanged between function, services &
components
Represent the business view of the information exchange
related to Smart Grid function
Describe function & services + their architectural relationship
=> Function represented independantly from actors and
physical implementation Function = use case functionality
Informationdriven

SGAM
• 28
Smart Grid Plane
Hierarchical level for the
management of the
electrical process –
thanks to information
Power System Management
electrical process OR information management
Energy Conversion
Chain

SGAM
• 29
DG only (MV)
Prosumer (DG+DR)
Physical process & associated equipment
(generators, transformers, cables, loads)
Protection, Control & Monitoring equipment
(protec. Relays, bay controllers, RTUs, etc.)
Companies’ commercial & org. processes
and services (asset manag. work force manag.,
customer relation, billing & procurement)
SCADA systems
(DSM, ESM, VPP & DER controllers)
Adressable Markets
(wholesale, retail, ancillary services, etc.)
Aggregation entities
(data concentration, functionnal aggregation, etc.)
Smart Grid Plane
Real-time functions

SGAM
• 30
x
SGAM Framework
Smart Grid
Plane
Interoperability
Layers
SGAM Framework

SGAM
• 31
SGAM Framework
SGAM Framework
Development methodology
1
2
3
5
4
Use case

SGAM
Application of SGAM
on a use case of
Reactive Power
Control based on DER
• 32
1 Component Layer
CEN-CENELEC-ETSI Smart Grid Coordination Group
Smart Grid Reference Architecture – November 2012
Example:

SGAM
Application of SGAM
on a use case of
Reactive Power
• 33
1
2
Component Layer
Business Layer
Example:

SGAM
Application of SGAM
on a use case of
Reactive Power
• 34
1
2
3
Component Layer
Business Layer
Function Layer
Example:

SGAM
Application of SGAM
on a use case of
Reactive Power
• 35
1
2
3
4
Component Layer
Business Layer
Function Layer
Information Layer
Example:

SGAM
Application of SGAM
on a use case of
Reactive Power
• 36
1
2
3
4
Component Layer
Business Layer
Function Layer
Information Layer
Example:

SGAM
Application of SGAM
on a use case of
Reactive Power
• 37
1
2
3
5
4
Component Layer
Business Layer
Function Layer
Information Layer
Communication Layer
Example:

LV4MV:A CONCEPT OF VOLTAGE MANAGEMENT
USING DER FLEXIBILITY

Network Operation Driver: - assuming a 2015 network
• 39
Decentralized solution
Not DMS-related
Based on step-by-step
automation
Involving the down the meters
flexibility
Over voltage feedback
Assets Management
Driver:
- solve LV voltage violation induced by PV
Voltage violation on the
distribution network are
induced by PV
80% of PV connection points
occur in LV Grids
The LV is a « blind word »
Paradigm:

3 Secondary Substation RTU
• 40
Material:
Process
#IoT connected LV voltage sensor17
8
Smart Metering10
MV/LV OLTC
End-user Energy Boxes
9
11 Distributed Generation Curtailment Controller
OR:
OPTIONNAL:
11
8
10
9
3
3
17
17

• 41
Process
11
8
10
9
3
3
17
17

• 42
11
8
10
9
3
3
17
17
€ €
Process

• 43
11
8
10
9
3
3
€
17
17
€
Process

• 44
11
8
10
9
3
3
17
17
Process

• 45
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
1
1.01
1.02
1.03
1.04
1.05
NodesVoltage(pu)
Voltage profile in the MV network, h=1.30pm
Network losses
minimization on a real
MV network
ErDF profiles, S26,j4
(last week of June, 2011)
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
0.98
1
1.02
1.04
1.06
1.08
1.1
Nodes
Voltage(pu)
Voltage profile along the LV network, h=1.30pm
Phase 1
Phase 2
Phase 3
Vadm=[0,91;1,070]
2 4 6 8 10 12
0.98
1
1.02
1.04
1.06
1.08
1.1
Nodes
Voltage(pu)
Phase 1
Phase 2
Phase 3
Vadm=[0,91;1,035]
Solution: Determination of the MV admissible voltage
ranges at the critical MV/LV substations
At MV/LV transformers…
Are voltage profiles
compliant down the LV
feeders?0,91 pu
1,070 pu
0,91 pu
1,035 pu
1,040 pu
© E.Vanet, G2Elab
No
Should be used instead
LV still ok?

• 46
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
1
1.01
1.02
1.03
1.04
1.05
NodesVoltage(pu)
Voltage profile in the MV network, h=1.30pm
0,91 pu
1,070 pu
2 4 6 8 10 12
0.98
1
1.02
1.04
1.06
1.08
1.1
Nodes
Voltage(pu)
Phase 1
Phase 2
Phase 3
Vadm=[0,91;1,035]
-0.01 -0.005 0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025
0
10
20
30
MV admissible voltage ranges with respect to DER activation
Flexibility amount (pu)
BidPrice(c€)
0.9
1
0.9
0.92
0.94
0.96
0.98
1
1.02
1.04
0.9
0.92
0.94
0.96
0.98
1
1.02
1.04
0.9
0.92
0.94
0.96
0.98
1
1.02
1.04
0.9
0.95
1
1.05
MVadmissiblevoltagerange(pu)
+ Step-by-
step LV DER
activation
process
At MV/LV transformers…
Are voltage profiles
compliant down the LV
feeders?
Solution: Determination of the MV admissible voltage
ranges at the critical MV/LV substations
Network losses
minimization on a real
MV network
ErDF profiles, S26,j4
(last week of June, 2011)
© E.Vanet, G2Elab
Vadm=[0,91;1,050]
Activating 0.016pu of Flexibility for 0.29€ enable to
increase the MV admissible voltage range
0,91 pu
1,035 pu
1,040 pu

DER-coordinated self-healing

Be Smart-Grid-Pragmatic
Conclusion

Thanks for your attention

Open Discussion

Grenoble Electrical Engineering Laboratory (G2Elab) Schneider Electric Utility Innovation

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