Research on landscape architecture

1. iIntro to Construction
Rough research:
- What is a landscape architect?
Someone who designs natural landscapes, landform, water and planting
surrounding the man-made structures like buildings and paving. They also
involve with town planning, transport, parks, forestry, agriculture and mineral
extraction.
They design the environments, combine arts with sciences. Typ
http://www.gardenvisit.com/landscape_architecture/landscape_debate/definition
_eid
http://www.gardenvisit.com/landscape_architecture
- How do they work?
- What are their responsibilities?
- What does a landscape architect design?
Construction Process:
Before construction:
1. Design Stage:
Schematic Design Phase (Also known as Preliminary):
Schematic Design Phase is the stage where the landscape architects start doing
and prepare the drawings for the clients after consulting them. While doing
this, they will start to design by knowing the requirements of the site.

2. Sometimes in the phase, a Master plan may be created and needed if the site is
too large. Throughout this stage, these are what they will do:
- Site Analysis
 In site analysis, landscape architects must do a site survey, vegetation survey, soil
survey, environmental studies and reports. As they do these surveys and studies,
they will have to measure the boundaries, plot buildings, plot certain trees and
any other landscape features they wish to include in the construction site.
http://www.goomlandscapes.co.nz/gooms-professional-landscape-design-service-__I.113
Drawings: They make site analysis drawings to show the structures and certain features
that might affect the landscape in the site.
Based on the site analysis, the landscape architects will do:
- Conceptual plan:
In Conceptual plan, the landscape architects will start doing landscape designs. Their
designs will consist of structures, planting and other certain features needed.
The landscape architects will do some rough free hand concept drawings such as
sketches, elevations and perspectives.
http://dblandscaping.biz/landscape-arch/
Elevations are drawings that look at one or more sides at a certain landscape even also
at bird’s eye view.
http://steveharbourlandscapes.com/2012/08/the-many-types-of-landscape-architecture-
and-design-documents/
Perspectives are drawings that are drawn from one point. In this type of drawing,
landscape architects must show the colours, textures, lightning and depth of the design.
http://steveharbourlandscapes.com/2012/08/the-many-types-of-landscape-architecture-
and-design-documents/

3. http://www.mtmlandscape.com/services.html
In this way, they will make and prepare a schematic design which shows the forms of
the landscape in the site.
These drawings above will create a concept plan that will show the hardscape and
softscape elements in the landscape design. They support the size and position of the
features drawn for the clients.
http://steveharbourlandscapes.com/2012/08/the-many-types-of-landscape-architecture-
and-design-documents/Ĥ
http://www.bockholtlandscapearchitecture.com/homepage/how-we-design-landscapes/
the-process/concept-development/
Bockholt Landscape Architecture. Site & Landscape Concept Development.
[webpage] http://www.bockholtlandscapearchitecture.com/homepage/how-we-design-
landscapes/the-process/concept-development/
2. Design Development:
In this second stage, the landscape architects will have to combine the design in
a form of an order to support the design development of this project.
While they working in this process, they will focus and pay more attention into
the construction details. These details consist of measurements and materials
required on how to construct certain items and features needed in the design.
Features like hardscape and softscape features.
http://www.goomlandscapes.co.nz/gooms-professional-landscape-design-service-__
I.113
Not only that, they will also have to be attentive on the scale and relationships
between the features. In this way, it will help them to acknowledge the
materials and costs of this projects from the budget needed using the budget
they have.

4. However, if the client wishes to put more additional designs or features, it can
affect the landscape architects’ budget along with the schedule of the project
depending on the amount of changes they want.
http://dblandscaping.biz/landscape-arch/
Drawings: The types of drawings that these landscape architects do are known
as construction details.
Construction details are detailed drawings that present a certain element of the
landscape in either a side, front or top view. These drawings are scaled, it’s
where they start listing the materials and methods needed in order to build
and construct the landscape. However, these construction details must show the
most important features needed in the landscape design.
Hardscape Drawings:
http://www.google.com.my/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=7&ved
=0CDEQFjAG&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pavilionconstruction.com%2Fuploaded-files%
2FSweeney%2520School%2FPlans%2F20110712%2520Landscape%2520

5. Drawings.pdf&ei=Okf9U5SdC9OjugS34IDICg&usg=AFQjCNE9Ycpb1ZJkNaBGC5
DCGN4spQp9ug&bvm=bv.73612305,d.c2E
Atkin Olshin Schade Architects. (2011) Landscape Drawings. [web document]
http://www.google.com.my/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=7&ved
=0CDEQFjAG&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pavilionconstruction.com%2Fuploaded-files%
2FSweeney%2520School%2FPlans%2F20110712%2520Landscape%2520
Drawings.pdf&ei=Okf9U5SdC9OjugS34IDICg&usg=AFQjCNE9Ycpb1ZJkNaBGC5
DCGN4spQp9ug&bvm=bv.73612305,d.c2E
They are consisted of plans such as:
 Grading and drainage
 Irrigation
 Site furnishings
 Lightning (Show lightning fixtures and locations of them)
 Signage
http://www.bockholtlandscapearchitecture.com/homepage/how-we-design-landscapes/
the-process/design-dev/
Bockholl Landscape Architecture. Design Development. [webpage]
http://www.bockholtlandscapearchitecture.com/homepage/how-we-design-landscapes/
the-process/design-dev/
- These drawings show the dimensions and materials of the design.
- The details in these drawings should describe the materials and
installation methods needed in this design.
http://www.sksimms.com/company/design-process/

6. SKS Studio. Design Process|SKS Studio. [webpage]
http://www.sksimms.com/company/design-process/
Softscape Drawings:
http://www.google.com.my/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=7&ved=
0CDEQFjAG&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pavilionconstruction.com%2Fuploaded-files%
2FSweeney%2520School%2FPlans%2F20110712%2520Landscape%2520D
rawings.pdf&ei=Okf9U5SdC9OjugS34IDICg&usg=AFQjCNE9Ycpb1ZJkNaBGC5D
CGN4spQp9ug&bvm=bv.73612305,d.c2E
They are consisted of planting plans.
http://www.bockholtlandscapearchitecture.com/homepage/how-we-design-landscapes/
the-process/design-dev/
 Planting plans are a type of drawing which landscape architects select
and rearrange the plants in the landscape.
 This drawing is needed to lay out the plants to create an appealing and
healthy environment.
http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ep456#FOOTNOTE_2

7. Hansen, G. (2012). ENH1195/EP456: Landscape Design: Drawing a Planting Plan.
[web document] http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ep456#FOOTNOTE_2
These two types of drawings are prepared in AutoCAD and may consist of hand
drawn sketches.
http://www.sksimms.com/company/design-process/
http://steveharbourlandscapes.com/2012/08/the-many-types-of-landscape-architecture-
and-design-documents/
References:
 Atkin Olshin Schade Architects. (2011) Landscape Drawings. [web
document]
http://www.google.com.my/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=
7&ved=0CDEQFjAG&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pavilionconstruction.com
%2Fuploaded-files%
2FSweeney%2520School%2FPlans%2F20110712%2520Landscape%
2520Drawings.pdf&ei=Okf9U5SdC9OjugS34IDICg&usg=AFQjCNE9Ycpb1
ZJkNaBGC5DCGN4spQp9ug&bvm=bv.73612305,d.c2E
 Bockholl Landscape Architecture. Design Development. [webpage]
http://www.bockholtlandscapearchitecture.com/homepage/how-we-design-
landscapes/the-process/design-dev/
 Bockholt Landscape Architecture. Site & Landscape Concept
Development. [webpage]
http://www.bockholtlandscapearchitecture.com/homepage/how-we-design-
landscapes/the-process/concept-development/
 db Landscaping LLC. Landscape Architecture. [webpage]
http://dblandscaping.biz/landscape-arch/
 Goom Landscapes. Goom Landscapes Design Process Consultation
Construction Specifications Planting Garden Maintenance. [webpage]

8. http://www.goomlandscapes.co.nz/gooms-professional-landscape-design-service-__
I.113
 Hansen, G. (2012). ENH1195/EP456: Landscape Design: Drawing a Planting
Plan. [web document] http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ep456#FOOTNOTE_2
 Harbour, S. (2012, August). The Many Types of Landscape Architecture
and Design Documents.
http://steveharbourlandscapes.com/2012/08/the-many-types-of-landscape-
architecture-and-design-documents/ iok
 MTM. Landscape Architectural Service from MTM Landscape Architects
providing planning and design of external environment services.
[webpage] http://www.mtmlandscape.com/services.html
 SKS Studio. Design Process|SKS Studio. [webpage]
http://www.sksimms.com/company/design-process/
http://sjlandscapearchitects.com/process/
Introduction to Drawing
Project 1 Research:
Topic: Landscape Architecture
Stages:
1. Design stage:
- Site analysis
- Bubble plan
- Plot plan
- Concept images
- Renderings (Perspectives)

9. - Planting plan
- Elevations
2. Design Development:
- Construction Details
- Hardscape
- Softscape
3. Tender Documentation:
- Tender drawings and documents
4. Contract Development:
- Change tender drawings into contract drawings based on tender
negotiation.
5. Project Implementation:
6. Completion and Defects Liability Period:
7. Final account:
http://dblandscaping.biz/landscape-arch/
Prac scope services doc:

10. http://www.google.com.my/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=4&ved
=0CC0QFjAD&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aila.org.au%2Fpracticenotes%2Fdocume
nts%2FPrac-2-
scopeservices.doc&ei=Pjj0U5OVLMueugTn24Jg&usg=AFQjCNFFUwEzdDm4Eby2
dnA_cB4eRsxpkQ&bvm=bv.73373277,d.c2E&cad=rja
http://www.mtmlandscape.com/services.html