Beyond Boundaries: Leveraging No-Code Solutions for Industry Innovation
2015.10.05 ANRA Keynote - Giovanni Cecconi
1. Giovanni Cecconi
Director of Active Knowledge Centre
Consorzio Venezia Nuova- Ministry of Infrastructure and Transport
The MOSE System
Technology, Innovation and
Development for
Environmental and Flood
Protection.
Improving Resilience for
Adaptation to Climate
Change and Global Sea
Level Rise
3. BRUSSELS, 20-21 October
www.ferma.euFORUM 2015
Venice, Italy 4-7 October
Venezia TokyoEdogawa
Flooding in Coastal Cities by2070:Potential for ecosystem based defence
Ecosystem Based Defence Green -> Intermediate Yellow ->Blu Conventional Structures
Red Existing examples
From S. Temmerman, P. Meire, T. J. Bouma, P. M. J. Herman, T. Ysebaert & H. J. De Vriend 2013
4. BRUSSELS, 20-21 October
www.ferma.euFORUM 2015
Venice, Italy 4-7 October
DRR AND ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
A PROCESS OF
LEARNING AND WORKING WITH NATURE
BASED ON ECOSYSTEM SERVICE
IN COASTAL PLANNING AND PROTECTION
BY MEANS OF SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL CONNECTIVE TOOLKIT
FOR ENABLING PASSIONATE TRANSFORMATIONS
PRESERVING LOCAL IDENTITIES
5. BRUSSELS, 20-21 October
www.ferma.euFORUM 2015
Venice, Italy 4-7 October
1923 Kanto Earthquake
Structural
Mitigation
1995 Kobe
Response
Preparedness
2011 Tohoku
Recovery and
Resilience
National Science Museum
6. BRUSSELS, 20-21 October
www.ferma.euFORUM 2015
Venice, Italy 4-7 October
Kobe 1995 Tohoku 2011
Magnitude 7 Magnitude 9
Death 6 434
Building and infrastructure:
Severely damaged 249 180
Debris tons 20 000 000
Homeless >1week 320 000
Interim Housing 60 000
Loss billion euro 75
Municipalities 20
Death 18 715
Building and infrastructure:
Severely damaged 264 035
Debris tons 27 000 000
Homeless >1week 360 000
Interim Housing 110 000
Loss billion euro 130
Municipalities 227
9. BRUSSELS, 20-21 October
www.ferma.euFORUM 2015
Venice, Italy 4-7 October
RESILIENCE For DRR in Safer Communities
Before
After
Sea
Sea
Housing, Industry,
Tourism FacilityHill
Hill Housing, Public Facility Green Belt
Industry, Tourism
Facility
Highland
Evacuation
A: Worst Class Tsunami
B: Frequent Tsunami
Minami-Sanriku Town Recovery Basic Plan
10. BRUSSELS, 20-21 October
www.ferma.euFORUM 2015
Venice, Italy 4-7 October
Boston Flooding in 2070
Total Resilience Approach by Venice Laboratory, Thetis
Winner of Boston Living with Water Competition June 2015
11. BRUSSELS, 20-21 October
www.ferma.euFORUM 2015
Venice, Italy 4-7 October
Total Resilience Approach by LNLT Learning with Nature Living Toolkit
Winner of Boston Living with Water Competition June 2015
12. BRUSSELS, 20-21 October
www.ferma.euFORUM 2015
Venice, Italy 4-7 October
RESILIENCE For DRR in Safer Communities
Managed retreat from the areas at risk (whenever
economically viable and politically accepted).
Super-levee eco-city, such as the one under completion in
Edogawa-Tokyo, and Ecosystem bio-stabilization of large
sediment input for dunes, dikes, escape place, water
injection for elevation recover.
Mobile barriers : Venice, Nederland, Russia, U.K., New
Orleans, and Kainan city, Japan, to protect harbor entrances
from tsunami.
13. BRUSSELS, 20-21 October
www.ferma.euFORUM 2015
Venice, Italy 4-7 October
Ecosystem Creation
Flood protection by ecosystem creation and restoration can provide a
cost-effective and ecologically sound alternative to conventional coastal
engineering not sufficient for protecting coastal cities against extreme events !
14. BRUSSELS, 20-21 October
www.ferma.euFORUM 2015
Venice, Italy 4-7 October
Super-levee eco-city
A high standard river embankment with a broad width which can withstand even if
overflowed, integrated with a green urban development
19. BRUSSELS, 20-21 October
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Venice, Italy 4-7 October
SEA LEVEL RISE 1,27mm/yr (former estimate in Venice - linear trend)
GEOLOGICAL SUBSIDENCE 0,4mm/yr (liner trend). It likely reflects the consolidation of Holocene,
whose average rate of about 1.3 mm/yr during the natural evolution stage of the lagoon, dropped
over recent centuries, reaching the current figure 0-0.5 mm/yr
ANTROPHOGENIC SUBSIDENCE - variable rates. It has been induced (1930 -1969/70) by groundwater
withdrawal from the aquifer system located in the upper 350 m
REBOUND of ~ 2cm followed the well closure
20. BRUSSELS, 20-21 October
www.ferma.euFORUM 2015
Venice, Italy 4-7 October
LAND SUBSIDENCE DUE TO
GROUNDWATER PUMPING IN
VENICE
Evolution vs time of the piezometric head in Venice
& in the industrial area (after Carbognin et al., 1995)
Evolution of the well number for the various aquifers
in the Venice industrial area (after Serandrei, 1972)
21. BRUSSELS, 20-21 October
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Venice, Italy 4-7 October
Average land subsidence in mm/yr at Venice over various time intervals
(after Tosi et al., 2002, 2013)
1961-1969 1973-1993
1992-2002 2003-2010
gentle
rebound
22. BRUSSELS, 20-21 October
www.ferma.euFORUM 2015
Venice, Italy 4-7 October
Evolution vs time of the
piezometric head (above) and
land subsidence (below) along
the A-B alignment connecting the
mainland with Venice (after
Carbognin et al., 1995)
rebound
piezometric
recovery
Land subsidence
in the Venice
Lagoon after the
well closure
(after Tosi et al.,
2000)
25. BRUSSELS, 20-21 October
www.ferma.euFORUM 2015
Venice, Italy 4-7 October
Anno
Profondità
media
del fondale
(m)
Crescita relativa
dell'azione
erosiva dovuta al moto
ondoso da vento
1800 0.45 100
1900 0.60 200
2000 0.95 800
2100 1.25 1600
RSLR WAVE EROSION
26. BRUSSELS, 20-21 October
www.ferma.euFORUM 2015
Venice, Italy 4-7 October
STATE OF REFERENCE PRESENT STATE
Only opportunistic species
(reduced biodiversity) in
anoxic sedimentOxidized layer
Deep channel
ShoalsLow depth (0.5 m b.s.l.)
Low waves
Siltation of channel
Abundance of eel – grass
and of benthic species
High waves
High turbidity
Agitated waters
Sediment resuspension
No shoals,
deepening and flattening
of the tidal flat (>1.0 m b.s.l.)
Low turbidity
Calm waters
RSLR HABITAT LOSS
33. An evolving landscape :
from 50 year old salt- marsh (on the right)
to 5 year old new shoals (on the left)
artificial landscape by compaction of sediment fills
34. In 28 years 1987-2015
20.000.000 m3 sediments
from maintenance dredging
has been re-used on 15 km2
35. Re-use of dredged sediments in confined areas for
constructed salt marsh habitat
50. Queste esperienze hanno contributo al piano di protezione di New York dopo l’uragano Sandy
USACE North Atlantic Division, Dir. J. di Vietri Washington Workshop Nov. 2013
52. BRUSSELS, 20-21 October
www.ferma.euFORUM 2015
Venice, Italy 4-7 October
Mean sea level,cm, Median IPCC-AR5 RCP8.5 scenario, in blue
N° of flooding > 110 in red
>120 in black
53. BRUSSELS, 20-21 October
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Venice, Italy 4-7 October
RIUSO DEI SEDIMENTI DI DRAGAGGIO RIPASCIMENTO PROTETTO SPIAGGE
Grandi volumi di sedimento negli Interventi di Salvaguardia
RIALZO DELLE RIVE
54. BRUSSELS, 20-21 October
www.ferma.euFORUM 2015
Venice, Italy 4-7 October
Fresh water wetland
Salt marsh
Dune (Ammophila littoralis)
Microbial mats
Eel-grass
Oyster reef
Six Bio-Engineers
55. BRUSSELS, 20-21 October
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Ecological Services
Overtopping and Wave protection
Natural adaptation to RSLR by accretion
Sequestration of polluted sediments and CO2
Biodiversity, Landscape conservation, biological production of
commercial species
58. BRUSSELS, 20-21 October
www.ferma.euFORUM 2015
Venice, Italy 4-7 October
Water exchange
reduction
Water exchange
increase
Water exchange variations due to the closure of Lido inlet
closureno
closurenoclosure
Salinity
SalinitySalinity
change
63. Queste esperienze hanno contributo al piano di protezione di New York dopo l’uragano Sandy
USACE North Atlantic Division, Dir. J. di Vietri Washington Workshop Nov. 2013
75. BRUSSELS, 20-21 October
www.ferma.euFORUM 2015
Venice, Italy 4-7 October
Venezia – the Piazza San Marco
quayside before works
Improvement of urban resilience
Urban adaptation to face the sea level rise
76. BRUSSELS, 20-21 October
www.ferma.euFORUM 2015
Venice, Italy 4-7 October
Venezia – the Piazza San Marco
quayside after works
Improvement of urban resilience
Urban adaptation to face the sea level rise
77. BRUSSELS, 20-21 October
www.ferma.euFORUM 2015
Venice, Italy 4-7 October
Chioggia, before works
Gates Canal Vena
Improvement of urban resilience
Urban adaptation to face the sea level rise
78. BRUSSELS, 20-21 October
www.ferma.euFORUM 2015
Venice, Italy 4-7 October
Improvement of urban resilience
Urban adaptation to face the sea level rise
Chioggia, after works (gates Canal Vena)
79. BRUSSELS, 20-21 October
www.ferma.euFORUM 2015
Venice, Italy 4-7 October
Venezia – the Zattere quayside before works
Improvement of urban resilience
Urban adaptation to face the sea level rise
80. BRUSSELS, 20-21 October
www.ferma.euFORUM 2015
Venice, Italy 4-7 OctoberVenezia – the Zattere quayside after works
Improvement of urban resilience
Urban adaptation to face the sea level rise
82. BRUSSELS, 20-21 October
www.ferma.euFORUM 2015
Venice, Italy 4-7 October
MOSE
Gate
in operation
Gate in stand by
Hinge
Gate foundation
< Lagoon Sea >
How does it work
99. BRUSSELS, 20-21 October
www.ferma.euFORUM 2015
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Other barrier against floods
Schelda barrier
(the Netherlands)
Thames barrier
(the United Kingdom)
Rotterdam barrier
(the Netherlands)
Ijsselmeer barrier
(the Netherlands)
100. BRUSSELS, 20-21 October
www.ferma.euFORUM 2015
Venice, Italy 4-7 October
Venice Learning with Nature Adaptive Strategy
Act, Connect, Act, Connect
Early definition of problems bridging Technological and Humanistic culture
Holistic Approach
Any solution need to be integrated with the social economical and ecological landscape
Empower by D.D.O: Deliberatively Developmental Organizations
aimed atsafeguarding Venice and its lagoon as an inclusive World
Heritage
International cooperation based on re-inventing the Socio-Ecological Venice Lab:
A world catalist for innovation and global transformations
101. BRUSSELS, 20-21 October
www.ferma.euFORUM 2015
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CONCLUSION
Adaptive Strategies for Disaster Risk Reduction a
Positive prospects in managing our present hope of future
Living Toolkits: a laboratory to learn and built with nature:Tec/Soc.Ecol./Gov.
Multi-Risk Standards to be set and updated
Protect - Avoid - Reduce
Multi-functional Design:“Too-much,too-early” :
to integrate DRR with urban development and conservation
to disclose socio-ecological prospects and added values
Multi-governance, finance and law: institutional change