This is a complex issue with reasonable arguments on both sides. Ultimately, there is no clear right or wrong answer as reasonable people can disagree on how to balance competing priorities.

1. The Rise of
Stalin
1. Reasons for the rise of Stalin
2. Impact of Stalin’s rule-
economic

2. Where Is Soviet Union?
Soviet Union’s land mass is so big that it spans two continents:
Europe and Asia.
Asia
Europe

3. Soviet Union
Soviet Union

4. Quick Background
Until 1918, Russia was a monarchy. The King was known as the Tsar and
the Queen as the Tsarina.
The last Tsar of Russia was Nicholas II.
The royal family and
the aristocrats lived a life of great
luxury; however, the vast majority of
Russians lived in poverty.
Furthermore, 1.7 million Soviet Union
soldiers were killed in World War I.
This led to revolution.
a country ruled by a king or queen
In modern time, is
there a country
you know that has
a great divide
between the rich
and the poor?

8. “Before we judge,…
first,
we must understand”

9. The Russian Revolution
A group of people called the Bolsheviks believed that Russia should not
be ruled by a monarchy.
In 1917, they seized power by taking
control of government buildings and
Tsar Nicholas abdicated.
when a king or queen
gives up their power.
Nicholas, his wife and their five
children were killed in 1918.
Vladimir Lenin- founder of the Bolsheviks

10. Bolshevik
Russian word for majority
working class

11. Led by Lenin and Trotsky

12. Soon, Lenin fell ill and died in 1924

13. Who is the next successor?

14. 6 main contenders to replace Lenin

15. Quick Recap!
How was
life under
the rule of
Tsar?
What type of
governance
did Soviet
Union used
to have?
What led to
the
revolution?
Who was
the founder
of
Bolsheviks?
Choose a colour.
The king of
Soviet
Union was
known as…

16. How did Stalin
rise to power?

17. Reasons for Stalin’s Rise to Power
Non-
disclosure of
Lenin’s
testament
Trotsky’s
unpopularity
Stalin’s
manipulation
• Lenin had become
suspicious of Stalin
• made his views known in
his Testament
• criticised his leading
successors and advised
Stalin to be removed as
Secretary-General
• testament was not made
public as Lenin had
criticised all of them
• seen as arrogant-
outspoken and argued
with Lenin
• difference in beliefs-
Soviet Union to incite
other countries to rise
in revolution but
many Soviets were
sick and tired of wars
• pretended to be closed to
Lenin- to give impression
he was the favoured one
• exploited the ideological
divisions
• position as the Secretary-
General of the Party
meant he had power to
promote his supporters
and demote opposers
Testament= a legal document to express one’s wishes after their death

18. Stalin- The Manipulator

19. What do these
tactics show you
about Stalin?

20. Video Summary

21. So now that Stalin is in power,
what did he do?

22. Stalin aimed to modernise
the Soviet Union towards
becoming a self-sufficient and
military strong communist
state.

23. Economic
Political
Social

24. Before Stalin
Lenin’s New Economic Policy
(NEP) -
• Farmers allowed to own land
• Allowed to sell extra for profits
• A new class of wealthy peasants formed-
KULAKS
• Some kulaks hoarded crops to increase
profits** People in cities affected

25. Stalin focused on
Rapid Industrialisation
Industrial
Collectivisation
Agricultural

26. - To modernise the USSR
- Achieve the same economic and military
levels as the Western powers
- Stalin wanted the USSR to be an autarky
(self-sufficient), without depending on
trade with other countries
“We make good the difference in 10 years
or they crush us”
Collectivisation
- merging of small
farms into larger
collective farms
- farmers worked
as paid labourers
Economic Policies
Rapid
industrialisation-
3 Five-Year Plans
(set targets for industrial
and agricultural
developments)

27. Overview of Stalin’s Five-Year Plans for
Rapid Industrialisation
1st Five Year Plans: 1928-1932
– Concentrated on expanding industry such as coal, iron and steel productions
– Expand transport
– Expand power supply
2nd Five Year Plans: 1933-1938
– Set high targets for everything under first plan
– Expand the production of manufactured products
3rd Five-Year Plan: 1939-1942
- Allowed the production of ‘luxury’ goods such as bicycles and radios
- Interrupted by war
- Became geared towards war production such as developing armaments, tanks
and weapons

28. How were the Five-Year Plans carried out?
• Loyal party members ran the
committees that were set up and
supervised all levels of industry
 To ensure that people would work
hard
 Gave out ration cards for food, paid
the workers and allocated housing.
• Food was rationed by the state
• Rewards for meeting targets
 Extra rations
• Punishment for not meeting targets
 Cut rations

29. Economic Impact: Collectivisation
• Merging of small individual farms into larger collective farms
known as Kolkhozy

30. Economic Impact: Collectivisation
• Land owned by state
• Equipment provided by state

31. Economic Impact: Collectivisation
• Working hours, wages and
quantity produced were fixed
by state
• Excess crops exported
to raise funds for
industrialisation

32. Economic Impact: Collectivisation
State provided
equipment-
increased
efficiency
Fewer farm
workers
needed
More Russians
can work in
factories in the
city

33. So, was
Collectivisation
Beneficial or
Not?

34. Collectivisation
• Hundreds of new factories were built>
workforce expanded
• Factorises in cities would produce
equipment for the mechanisation of
farming
• Emphasis placed on heavy industries –
coal, iron, steel electricity > base for
powerful arms industry
• Working hours and wages fixed

35. Collectivisation
• Food shortages in grain production
and livestock- production was low
because there was no incentive to
increase productivity and harvests sold
at fixed price; tractors frequently broke
down
• The Great Famine- peasants killed their
livestock and burnt or hid their crops to
prevent them from being taken away
by the state
• Little growth in consumer industries

36. Did Stalin’s Economic Policies
HELP or HURT the Soviet Union?

37. Did Stalin’s Economic
Policies HELP or HURT the
Soviet Union?

38. Video Summary

39. Impact of Stalin’s Rule
Economic Political Social
 Wanted to rapidly
industrialise the
Soviet Union to
achieve the same
economic and
military levels as the
Western powers
 Collectivisation
 Rapid
industrialisation
Great Terror
Propaganda
State control of society
Living in fear
Impact of policies on
various social groups

40. Quick Recap!
What was
Stalin’s
focus?
Name 2
main
impact on
the Soviet’s
economy.
Name one
positive
outcome of
Stalin’s
economic
policies.
Name one
negative
outcome of
his
economic
policies.
Choose a colour.
How many
5-year
plans did
he have?

41. 2.1Challenges in deciding
what is good for society

42. Being a part
of
Singapore
Society
Chapter 1:What
does it mean to
be a Citizen of
my Country?
Chapter 2:How
do we decide
what is good for
society?
Chapter 3:How
can we work for
the good of
society?

43. DifferingNeeds and
Interests
DifferingPriorities
UnequalSharingof
Costs

44. The Principal has given every class the sum of
a month for
to spend on furniture and upgrades to your classroom.

45. 1. What would you spend the money on?
2. Which would you buy or upgrade first?
Number your listaccording to priority.
3. Would every item on your list benefit everyone
?

49. Physical
comfort
Better
facilities/
equipment
More study aids/
materials
Things related to
their interests
More
entertainment

60. 1.Two or more goals cannotbeachievedat the sametime.
2.Only one can,so the other goal/smust be discarded.

62. Singapore has a limitedland area.

63. Jobs Housing Transport
Recreation
Water catchment
Nature and
environment
conservation etc.
This land must satisfy manyneeds

64. When land is used for one purpose,
like transport, then it can nolongerbe
usedfor other purposes.

66. A new road was proposed to easetrafficcongestionon LornieRoad
This road would cut through one of Singapore’soldestcemeteries

67. Over 5 000 graves of Singapore
pioneers, some dating back to
1833, would be destroyed.
The habitat of over 30
endangered species of animals
would be reduced.

69. The Casefor
PreservingBukit
BrownCemetery
TheGovernment’s
Response
1. Singapore’s precious
history and heritage
2. Singapore’s shrinking
natural environment
3. Singapore’s shrinking
animal species
4. Alternative plans or
locations not
properly considered
1. Easetraffic congestion
on Lornie Road
2. Easetraffic congestion
on the nearby PIE
3. Reducetravel time
4. New highway will serve
futurehousingprojects
near the Bukit Brown
area

70. Do youthinkthatthegovernment
madethe
right decisionregardingBukit
BrownCemetery?