Hello Dear, I'm an Engineer Aamir Khasru Mohammad Chowdhury. Nick name Aryan Khasru. I'm a Civil Engineer (B.Sc In Civil Engineering). But I am also working or interested as like as ​Architecture, Interior Design, Exterior Design, Event Management and made Model Making Idea, Handicraft & Handmade Design Idea for Home Decorate & Life Style etc. I come from Chittagong, Bangladesh. That's all about myself.

1. Today is Our Presentation Topic Name Is –
Water Logging
Mohammad Khasrul Alam.
ID No. : 003-18-23.
Department Of Civil Engineering.
Southern University Bangladesh.
Mohammad Sakil Ahamed.
ID No. : 003-18-45.
Department Of Civil Engineering.
Southern University Bangladesh.

2. Index
 WATER LOGGING –
 WATERLOGGINGFIGURE–
 TYPES OF WATER LOGGING
 EFFECTS OF WATERLOGGING ON PLANT GROWTH –
 EFFECTS OF WATERLOGGING ON PLANT GROWTH FIGURE –
 MAJOR WATER LOGGED AREAS
 PREVENTION OF WATER LOGGING
 PROBLEMS DUE TO WATER LOGGING
 CAUSES OF WATER LOGGING
 CAUSES OF WATER LOGGING FIGURE
 MEASURES TO CONTROL WATER LOGGING
 MEASURES TO REDUCE IT
 LET'S SEE HOW THE RAIL TIES AND HOW TO MAKE DIFFERENT PARTS
OF IT…
 END

3. WATER LOGGING -
 1.The soil whose surface layers are saturated with water is called
as water logged soil.
 2.The phenomenon of rising of water table is known as water
logging.

4. WATER LOGGING FIGURE -

5. TYPES OF WATER LOGGING
 1)Water logging due to permanent submersion of land. Such as
ponds, rivers, etc.
 2)Water logging from periodical submersion such as coastal &
estuarine land inundation by soil water or runoff of fresh water
over lands etc.
 3) Temporary water logging by stagnation of water as a result
of heavy rainfall.
 4)Water logging by coming out of water table to the surface &
swampy areas in valleys are mostly caused by the
phenomenon.
 5)Water logging from artificial irrigation of agricultural lands
in polders areas.

6. EFFECTS OF WATER LOGGING ON
PLANT GROWTH
Some important effects of water logging on plant growth are given below :
 i. The air in the soil pore is replaced by water ,leading to oxygen
deficiency and hence reduce the plant growth.
 ii. In waterlogged soil transport of gases is reduced disturbing
normal growth.
 iii. Limited exchange of gases increase amount of CO2 which
affect transpiration and water absorption.
 iv. In absence of oxygen, microbes produce toxis substances
such as methane and effects growth of plants.

7. EFFECT OF WATER LOGGING ON PLANTS
GROWTH
 v. In waterlogged soil major form of nitrogen
is ammonia which is toxic to crops
 vi. Under waterlogged condition the
concentration of phosphorus, iron,
manganese, silicon increases and that of
decreases. The increase in ferrous ion
concentration is toxic to many crops.

8. EFFECTS OF WATER LOGGING ON PLANT
GROWTH FIGURE -

9. MAJOR WATER LOGGED AREAS -
 The chanal Beel in Natore.
 The Haor basin, the eastern part of Sylhet,
Mymensingh & Moulovibazar.
 The Kaptai Lake in Chittagong.
 Riverine flood plains of Ganges, Brahmaputra,
Meghna, Tista & other small rivers of the country.
 Haors, Beels, baors & other natural & artificial
ponds.
 The coastal areas of Chittagong, Cox are Bazar,
Noakhali, Patuakhali, Barisal & the Sunderbans.

10. PROBLEMS DUE TO WATER LOGGING -
 It creates anaerobic condition in soils for which
microbial activity is hampered.
 The availability of nutrient elements in soil is
reduced & leaching loss is higher.
 Increases soil pH in coastal & dry area which
leads salinity & alkalinity.
 Pollutes soil water & favors excessive weed
growth.

11. CAUSES OF WATER LOGGING -
1. Seepage of water from canal system
 The main cause of waterlogging in pakistan is seepage of
water from network of canal system. 40 - 50% water is lost
from main canals, seeps through soil and rised the ground
water.
 In some cases the water table has risen upto root zones or
even surface of soil.
2. Poor surface runoff and slow drainage
 The soil surface of pakistan is flat so surface runoff is poor
and hence slow drainage, result in accumulation of water on
soil surface and move to the water table under the influence
of gravity.
 The water table has risen causes water logging

12. CAUSES OF WATER LOGGING -
3. Interruption of surface runoff.
 Construction of irrigation networks and housing colonies in
the path of natural drains interrupted surface runoff,
resulting in accumulation of water in rainy season
contributes to waterlogging through seepage.
4. Rainfall.
 After heavy rainfall rain water percolates down the pores
between soil particles under the action of gravity.
5. Floods.
 Flood water spreads on the surface of soil in plains. Due to
inappropriate drainage system, this water percolates in soil
and raise water table cause waterlogging.

13. CAUSES OF WATER LOGGING -
6. Poor water management
 Sometimes farmers use their land unscientifically.
 Excessive irrigation
 Lack of inadequate drainage system.
7. By breaking hardpan at a canal bed.
 During cleaning season ,the digging of canals breaks the hardpan of the
soil at canal bed. It enhances the seepage of water.
8. Railway lines /Roads.
 The construction of railway lines and roads in food plains interrupted
the passage of runoff water ,water collected in rainy season in the form
of ponds, percolates to soil, Result in waterlogging.

14. CAUSES OF WATER LOGGING FIGURE -

15. MEASURES TO CONTROL WATER
LOGGING -
 Providing efficient surface Drainage.
 Reducing percolation(the slow passage of a
liquid through a filtering medium) from canals.
 Restriction of unwanted irrigation.
 Adoption of sprinkler method for irrigation
 Removing obstructions in natural drainage.

16. MEASURES TO REDUCE IT -
 Construction of dams & embankments along the
coast to restrict saline to enter the agricultural
lands.
 Could be an effective measure of reducing the
water logging.
 Providing adequate number of bridges & culverts,
along the roads, railroads, highways, across the
canal etc could be a handy measure against water
logging.

17. PREVENTION OF WATER LOGGING -
 1.Reducing percolation from irrigation
channels
 2.Reducing percolation from water courses
and fields
 3.Encouraging economical use of water
 4.Increasing outflow from the ground water
reservoir

18. Let's see…
 How to prevent water logging and crop failure during the floods

19. Thank You
See you again any other class and
any other presentation.
End