1. GCSE Resistant Materials
‘A’ Grade
Task 1: Bird house for a domestic
garden

2. Context and Design Brief
Analysis of Context
Research into Existing Products
Materials research and their properties
Finishes for my product.
Ergonomics and anthropometrics
Designs of inspiration
User profile
Analysis of research
Specification
Initial ideas
Design strategy
Aims of product
Development
Developmental Changes
Testing / changes of shape
Modelling and testing
Exploded view
Step by step plan
Cutting list
Manufacturing dairy
Evaluation, Modifications and Changes to product
Life Cycle of Product

3. Context 1
A garden centre wishes to sell products to encourage wildlife
into domestic gardens. Design and make a small product that
could be sold in the garden centre.
Design Brief
The product I am going to develop and manufacture is a bird
house that can be sold in a high street retailer, like IKEA or
even a garden centre. The product will be able to be crafted
and developed by hand in class, but it will also be able to be
mass produced in a factory, by using CAD/CAM to produce it
rather easily, at low cost.

4. FUNCTION? The product will need to store seeds
for the birds; a small bird bath and a decent sized space
for a short period of time.
WHERE? The product will be designed for a
domestic garden at the back of a house. It will be
designed to hang on a fence or an alternative wall in a
garden; higher than cats reach.
HOW WILL IT BE MADE? The bird house will be
manufactured using a range of production methods. I
will try to make it using the Boxford router, laser
cutter, vinyl plotter etc to make sure it is commercially
viable and easy to mass produce if manufactured. Then
other flat wooden panels must be attached to the
flexible plywood by using wood joints to make sure I
practice my hand skills.
RECYCLING? The materials I plan to use is HIPS
for the small bird bath as it can be vacuum formed and
then it can also be recycled after long period use. The
main material I could use is plywood, so it is strong,
easy to shape and durable when used outdoors in
weather conditions.
CAD/CAM USED? The design will not be too complex to
make commercially, because if it is too hard to make, the
CAD/CAM, it cannot be made commercially, so it has to be
not so complex; however if it is too simple it would be too
boring. CAD/CAM is important in mass production because
without CAD/CAM, production would be a lot slower and
not as accurate in results of products made and therefore cost
the company more in the long run to manufacture. Will use as
much CAD/CAM as possible for accuracy.
COST? The materials I have chosen to use are not expensive,
because flexible plywood, HIPS and steel are not a rare
expensive material selection, which will help my cost
restrictions issues because cheaper materials are just as high in
quality overall in production. However the cost restrictions
may influence my design to be a little bit different in some
areas.
SHOP AIMED AT? The sort of retailer that would have this
product, would be a garden centre or a big, common retailer
like B&Q , or just a local pet shop that has domestic products
for birds and has an interest in this product, for birds. I will
therefore ensure the product is small enough to fit on shop
shelves accurately to avoid damage and allow for ease of
stacking.

5. Its function is to attract small birds for a short period of
time, in a tropical looking holiday hut.
Its finish will be possibly Danish oil or polish, to protect it
for a short period of time. The roof would be made from
thick straw, that will be tightly packed, to protect it from
rain, over a long period of time.
The construction of the beach house style bird house is
possibly teeth or finger joints, however it looks like the wood
is being tightly fastened and glued together. The roof would
have been glued on tightly.
The material choice is thick straw for the roof, and the base of the
house is possibly ply wood or pine wood, because it is cheap to but
and very solid. I LIKE THIS DESIGN DUE TO IT’S CREATIVE AND
QUIRKY APPEAL.
Its function is to attract common, small birds into a
humble, hotel styled bird box for a short period of time
for the birds to live in.
Its finish is in a thick paint coat that makes it feel more durable,
and protects the wood for a period of time. The wood has been fix
together with finger joints, and the wood it made from materials
that are not expensive, because expensive wood is rare and hard
to keep protected outdoors.
The construction is bold finger joints that have
been solidly glued on, and the roof is tightly
screwed on in place.
The material choice is possibly plywood or pine wood,
because these two woods are relatively cheap to buy
and very strong, over a long period of time. I LIKE
THE GEOMETRIC SHAPE. IT’S VERY SIMPLE, YET
EFFECTIVE.
It s function is to attract more birds, than just
one into a bird house, with this large sized bird
house, so more birds can fit inside of it, and
more comfortably.
Its finish is possibly pine or oak wood, like the luxury bird house before, but it
is less expensive because it is made from less wood. Danish oil may have
been used for protection.
Its construction is not finger joints, but possibly just wood that has been glued
and fastened together to make it adhere properly.
This bird houses function, is to fit, only small, common birds, and possibly only one bird at a
time. The function is to also be a humble home for birds, for a short period of time.
The material choice is most likely to be pine or oak, for a solid and strong finish, with great
aesthetics as well, because no paint has been used, to cover up the pleasing grains of the
wood, which is a good thing. I THINK THIS IS OLD FASHIONED AND I WANT MY
DESIGN TO BE MUCH MORE MODERN AND CONTEMPORARY IN APPEARANCE.
Its finish is a solid and durable paint, that would
make it a little more protected to corrosion and
rotting to rain, than bare wood.
Its construction is possibly pine or oak wood, because
it looks more professional and more solid than most
bird houses. The joints must be teeth joints.
The material choice is possibly oak or pine, because it
looks solid and expensive. These material choices are
very expensive, and can be ruined in the rain, if not
protected properly. THIS IS TOO TRADITIONAL AND
BORING, ALTHOUGH I LIKE IT BEING HIGH ON IT’S
OWN STAND.

6. Its function is to attract more than one small
bird into this uniquely styled bird house. The
living time will only be for a short period of
time.
Its finish looks like a Danish oil, or another
type of oil to protect it from corrosion or rotting
away, over time from the outdoor weather.
The construction looks rather complex and
very solid, because it looks like a hard wood. A
lot of methods of holding it together would
have been used, because its complex shape
would need a lot of glue, nails and fasteners.
The material choice is possibly a hard wood
like oak or walnut, because this complex
shape would need to be very strong. TOO
DETAILED
Its function is to attract one to two birds,
into a roomy, airy bird house. It function is
to also blend in with a domestic house
garden.
It`s finish looks like Danish oil because the
bird house shines, and Danish oil makes
wood shine, when coated. Danish oil is a
good choice because it durable and water
proof, so the wood does not corrode and
decompose over time, outdoors.
Its function is to attract birds to more tropically styled bird
houses, and possibly live there for a short period of time.
Its finish looks like Danish oil, which protects the wood
from corrosion, even though, over time you have to
recover it over time.
Its construction does not look very solid, because it has
been made from straw and pine, as it looks, and it is
being held together by some glue and it has been
strapped together by string, and the roof has been held
on by stitching or string.
The material choice would have been a soft wood such
as pine or fern, because it looks like a soft. The roof is
made from straw, and the rest of the bird house looks like
pine, because of the straight grains. IT REMINDS ME OF
BEING ON HOLIDAY ON A TROPICAL ISLAND, SO
THIS WOULD APPEAL TO THE BIRDS!
Its function is to attract only one small, bird to eat and drink,
but not live there for a short period of time, because the bird
house is too small for that.
It finish looks like finger joints, and the roof is nailed and
glued on for a secure fitting. The wood looks like a soft
wood like pine or fern wood. Danish may have been used
for protection.
Its construction is finger joints, so the walls are solidly put
into place, and the roof looks like it has been nailed in, but
glued on before hand.
The material choice would have been a soft wood because
it looks dark and soft around the edges, more than hard
wood. Soft wood doesn`t last as long as hard wood, and can
be decomposed much more easily in outdoor weather.
The good points is that it is very small and has a light weight
wooden case, which is strong and tough. Another good
point is that it is interesting to look at and has cheap price
point. The bad points, is that its is too small for a regular
sized bird , and in bad weather it will be knocked about,
because of its light weight. THIS IS NOT LARGE ENOUGH
FOR THE EFFECT I AM TRYING TO ACHIEVE.
The construction looks like a finger
joint or a dowel joint, to solidly hold it
together for a long period of time, so
you can get the most out of it for
birds.
The good points is that it is a strong structure, and has a nice finish because it has a
coat of Danish oil on it, for a shine, and some protection, at low cost as well. The
bad points is that it looks like a trash can, and it makes it unappealing in the
aesthetics, and the bird house could have a stand as well, so it can be hung on a
fence, or it could be on a stand, in your back garden, because it has non of them.
The material choice could be pine or
plywood because it doesn`t look like an
expensive wood like oak or walnut. The
material choice is a hard one because, if
you use oak, it will last a long time, but if
it is not protected properly, it will be
ruined over time out doors.
The style represents a trash can, which is not interesting or aesthetically pleasing
and a bird should look like something more interesting like a rocket or even just a
big posh house, which would interest some one into buying one. I LIKE THE
ORIGINAL SHAPE BEING ROUND. I WILL TRY AND BE MORE CREATIVE AND
STYLISH WITH SOME OTHER IRREGULAR SHAPE.

7. Its finish looks like Danish oil or a another type of common polish
that would be used on a bird house, to protect it from cold and wet
weather. It also looks like it has been given teeth joints to solidly
hold it together for a long period of time. The teeth joints would have
been tightly glued together to hold the teeth joint together, because
teeth joint s on there own are not strong enough.
The construction of this bird house could not be simpler
because the wood has been cut out into the square
shapes, and the has been sanded down enough to give it
a high quality finish. Then the pieces are joined together
with teeth joints, with some glue as well to make it more
solid, and last a lot longer in it present shape.
The materials that have been used is possibly
pine wood for the whole base, stainless steel or
mild steel being used for the hook to hand it up
onto a fence. The other material that has been
used is also steel or aluminium nails for a
tighter fit as well.
The good points about this bird house is that it was very simple and relatively
cheap to make with the materials used to make it. The bad points is that it would
be too small for some birds to use, and the construction is rather boring to look at.
It also has no stand for the bird, before it enter the hole
Its function is to attract small domestic garden birds to find shelter or consume
seeds to eat. It would be used day to day, by blue birds or thrushes. THIS IS
TOO PLAIN AND NEEDS MORE CREATIVE DESIGNING.
It`s finish is solid paint, and it looks like it was to cover over the wood, which may be cheap, like MDF,
so the unpleasing finish will be hidden away fully. The paint finish makes it look like an upper class type
of bird house, and it makes it look smooth, clean and efficient.
The construction of this bird house look like the walls were done on a laser cutter, and so were the
windows, because it would take a great amount of time to finish the windows to the high quality
standard. The roof looks very well made and finished. It looks like it was made from pine wood, then
coated with Danish oil, and during construction, the woods were over lapped, to give it a ridged look,
like on a cottage
It function is to accommodate large birds as the hole is rather large, the style of this bird house will also have great attraction. The upper class
look is very attractive and brings birds to attention. The materials that have been used is, what looks like pine wood for the roof, walls and
floor, for a light and strong structure. Pine wood also doesn`t split or soften up either. The good points about this bird house, is that it looks
very upper class, and high in quality as well, so it should last a long time, in harsh weather. It looks very detailed and solid. The bad points is
that it is possibly expensive to make, and to buy as well. However it is a very good bird house overall, because of quality and finish. I REALLY
LIKE THE OVERALL SHAPE AND STYLE OF THIS HOUSE WITH EXTRA MATERIALS ADDED TO MAKE THE WINDOWS. I WILL TRY
AND USE THIS IN MY DESIGNING.

8. Stainless steel
Plywood
Plywood is a cheap wood to
purchase, which is important to
my project, because expensive
materials
means
expensive
prices if the product would go on
sale in a garden centre. Plywood
can also be very flexible, so it
can bent into the desired shape
that you want. (flexible plywood).
This wood has an odd number of
layers of different woods, and
unlike MDF, it doesn`t split or
soften up in rain
HIPS
HIPS plastic looks great when laser cut and vacuum
formed into shape. This will obviously store the bath
water for the birds to soak in. HIPS is very strong
and doesn`t wear away quickly. It will be a great
material to work with when I make my project. This
can be recycled easily and is only 2mm thick so it is
much better than acrylic as that uses more crude oil
in the manufacture of the product.
Stainless steel is a great material to
work with because it looks
aesthetically pleasing when polished
and it doesn`t corrode because
there is no iron in it. I shall be using
this material in my bird house
project. I am using stainless steel
because it has a great finish, and
because my project is an outdoor
based product, it needs to be
corrode free. The stainless steel will
be used for the handles and the
hook, to hang it on a fence.
I have chosen to use these materials because for one reason, stainless steel is a
very good metal to work with. It isn`t too expensive and has a great finish when
polished. Stainless steel will be used in my project on the hook that will enable my
bird house to hang on a wall, secondly it will be used to make stylish rim on the
edge. This will give it a luxury and high quality look. The next material I am using is
ply wood and flexi plywood to make most of the box. Plywood is a very cheap to
purchase type of wood, however it is a great type of wood to be using on my bird
house because it is strong, and flexible. It is also light weight, which means it would
hang on a fence easily enough. Many bird houses use plywood because it is low
cost, durable and light. The ply wood will be used for the open top lid, the floor and
walls of the bird house.
The HIPS plastic will be used for the bird bath. The stand on the outside of the bird
hole, will also be made out of acrylic plastic. I will use transparent HIPS if I can
access it, because it is more aesthetically pleasing. This plastic is very strong and
durable. It separates it apart from any other bird house in terms of style. This is
much better for the environment as it can be recycled at the end of it’s useful life
unlike thermosetting plastics.

9. My bird house will need a finish for it to give it a high quality standard, and smoother
finish, and there are a huge choice of finishes for wooden bird house, however I have
chosen to use Danish oil, because it is not very expensive like most wood polishers
and protectors because it is more common and not rare like some others and can be
used on just about any type of wood. This can be applied using a cloth or brush.
The Danish oil would have to be applied on the bird house about once every year, to
re condition it and keep protecting it, because over time the weather does wear it
down, to keep protecting the wood properly, so it lasts much longer and therefore
customers get better value for money and will re-think about using my company’s
products again.
Danish oil is the most sensible polish to use because is protects the wood and It will
also give it a shiny and high quality coat. Without Danish oil, to wood will mould, swell
or decompose over time. Danish oil is also environmentally friendly, as it has very little
amounts of VOC`s, so it is better to the environment . If I used varnish, the VOC`s
would make the bird end up dying and it causes negative impact on the ozone layer
which is something designers / manufacturers need to consider.
To hold the walls in place, I will use PVA glue to hold them tightly. To enable the
hinged open top lid, I will use hinges, and a stainless steel handle, with another
handle underneath to have a pad lock on it to lock it , to protect the birds from cats
and other animals that may harm them. Also the locked, hinged door, will help in
strong windy weather, so it won`t open up and swing about in the wind.

10. Ergonomics means the studies of people and animals, with the environment around them, so they fit with products perfectly well,
so they can use products comfortably.
Anthropometrics means the study of humans and animals and its movements, with products.
After searching the RSPCB website and measuring holes in garden centres on current nesting boxes I found that the bird house
needs to be a decent size so the bird can nest and live in the bird house for short of time comfortably. The hole needs to be around
30 to 35mm wide and tall, so only small birds can get in. Birds like bluebirds, or thrushes can only fit through the hole, so no large
birds can intrude and ruin a nest that a small bird has made. The young birds can also be much safer with a smaller hole because
they cannot be harmed by large birds. The height of the bird house will be 250 mm, so the head room will be good and the length of
the nesting box will be 320mm. The width, from rear to front will be 200mm.
The entrance hole will need to be only large enough for blue birds and thrushes. The height off the ground will also be very
important, because cats will try and disturb and the birds, and put them in danger. A stainless steel hook, will be screwed on the
back, to keep it away from cats, and the small hole will also help with protection from cats. It will be a size that a cat`s claw can not
fit into. The most important measurement is the hole, because each bird is a different size, so the hole needs to be the correct size,
for these requirements. This is the information gathered from text books. I converted this to mm.
320 mm
Primary photographs taken by me in garden centre
250m
m
200mm
60.3mm
2.5
inches

11. After completing some further research these two designs will give me inspiration for my bird box,
because the two side of the bird box will be angled, like the cocktail shaker, has on its sides, however the
angle will be pushed out a little bit further, so it doesn`t look similar to a box. The tea and coffee tower has
inspired me because I want the roof to be curved and brought up by at least 30mm, so it has a high
quality look and feel.
The stainless steel metal cocktail shaker has also inspired me to put a stainless steel rim on the edge of
the top of the bird box. Even though it doesn`t sound like much, it does make a difference by giving a look
of luxury and quality. The bowls, on the tea and coffee tower has inspired me for the shape of the bird
bath, next to the open top, curved door as well.

12. The general interests of the target audience of this product are most likely, going out
into the country side and enjoying the fresh and do some bird watching. A second
interest could possibly be gardening and making their back garden perfect for them
selves.
The age range would be around 25-55 years of age, because it is aimed at a more
mature age range, because wildlife products are mostly bought by consumers, who are
of this age range. The cars that they would possibly drive, are SUVs, because they like
to drive in the country side and in forests, by lakes and through forestation, to find and
watch rare birds in their natural environment that they live in. The people who enjoy
driving through forests and exploring wildlife, normally are mature and sensible people
who enjoy having lunch in the outdoors, taking in fresh air and enjoy spending their
week ends at wildlife attractions, owned by landlords, who like to keep the their forests
standing and helping the environment. They normally also spend the night or two at
small lodges in the hills or in the near by forests.
They tend to like the out doors, and enjoy the experience every weekend, and they like
driving in mud ruts, over broken log, damp hills, and through forests to find rare birds, to
watch. They tend to dislike big, busy and congested cities like London, new York on
even Liverpool.

13. Research into existing products
• I found that bird boxes are priced from as low as £2 to as much as £30 to buy, so mine will compete with these prices
• Most of them are made from cheap and light woods like plywood or MDF wood. Not a lot are made from plastic as wood
will last must longer
• Most of them are readymade, although they can be disassembled and some can be DIY built within 30 minutes
• Most bird houses do not have large bases for support, because they do not need it because they hang off fences or trees,
so I will make mine hang off a tree so there’s no waste materials used on a larger base
• Many are featureless and plain, with no real details to them so again I will try and keep mine as simple as possible not to
put the birds off staying
• Only some have a bird bath and a nut feeder with them, so that is why they are cheaper to buy
• I will make sure that my design is original and stylish so that it is professional enough to sell and attracts customers when
they see the birdhouse. I won’t use too many different materials to keep it simple and better for the environment as
unnecessary materials are not being wasted / used
Materials and their properties
I researched into different types of materials, to find the right one to use on a bird box project. After long research, I have
discovered that the best type of wood to use is in deed plywood, because it is relatively strong and cheap to buy, as well as
positively light, which means it will easy hang a tree branch or a fence, without falling off because of weight. Plywood may
swell up, if the wood is not protected, and re coated and that is why I am going to use Danish oil to protect it from rain.
Ergonomics and Anthropometrics
The Ergonomics is very important in the design of my bird box because if the ergonomics are not great and un comfortable
for humans to use and hold, then it would not sell well because of bad design. The ergonomics of the bird box project will
most important on the size of the hole and the measurements of the bird house, so the certain birds can only get in, and so
they have enough room for a real living space, so the birds can live there a small period of time, and then it can be used
again. The Anthropometrics is also just as important because the movement of the lid opening and closing needs to be
smooth and not stiff. It must open straight and not be uneven, because over time it may get broken or loose. Also the lid
must not rub against the bird bath, as this will show buyers uneven measurements and poor quality.
Finishes for my bird house
The finish is very important because it stops the bird box from decaying away and swelling up in rain and heat. The finish will
be Danish oil and it will give it a protective barrier. However the bird box will need to be re coated about once every year, so
it stays protected. To finish it off, I will apply a lock to my bird house to stop the lid from swinging about in the wind, and to
stop cats getting inside the bird box and harming the birds and nesting.

14. My design must:
•Meet the targeted age group of 25 and over, both male and female, so it is for both genders and has a multi sex theme. It must meet
people who like wild life in their back garden
•Have a maximum size hole of 40mm x 40mm so that it is suitable for only small birds like blue birds or thrushes, and not large birds,
so the hole must be small to meet this target
• Not be heavy, because it would not hang on a tree branch or a fence easily
•Not offend any other races or religious beliefs, with offensive graphics on the product
•Be suitable for use in an environment that is surrounded by common wildlife and natural environments like trees and flowers; where
birds live
•Have a protection on that will make it last a decent amount of time (3 to 5 years or longer if possible)
•Must be interesting and creative to look at using a creative shape to attract the buyer
•It must have a variety of materials used, like plywood for strength and HIPS for the birdbath so it’s easy to clean. I will use a good
amount of these materials, so they can be recognised visually and complement each other in a modern way
•Reflect the designs of inspiring famous designers such as Alessi to reach a wider audience and look creative / original
•Have been made by hand, by laser cutter and some of it by vacuum former to make sure it is easy to mass produce commercially
•Have built in the amount of time given in the project; which is a maximum of 40 hours for the whole project
•Include strong joints so that it is durable for the user and they good quality for money and so it protects the birds from predators
•Have some sort of hanging device so it can hang off a tree or wall easily.

15. This bird bath is made out of
transparent green Acrylic plastic,
which is 30mm deep. It would be
made on the vacuum former, to
get this curved shape on the
sketch picture.
The structure is mainly made from ply
wood, because it is cheap to buy, light
and has decent durability as well. It can
also be shaped by steam forming into the
shape of the open top lid on this design.
The dowel bird stand will also be made
from plywood as well.
The rims around the bird bath , lid and
bird hole is a stainless steel rim, which
adds to quality and a luxurious look as
well. Stainless steel doesn`t rust
(corrode) either. This would be cut to
the desired shape and then sanded
down, as well as polished, for a high
quality look.
The main material that is used for the structure is ply wood,
because it can be bent by using steam forming, to achieve this
shape with ease. Plywood light in weight and is very cheap to buy,
as well as strong, because it is made from layers of different
woods, being left as waste.
The stainless steel rim on the bird hole, adds to a
high quality look, and a more classless finish as
well. It would be formed by cutting out the desired
shape and then sanding it and polishing it.
The use of plastic, is the bird bath and open top lid.
The bird bath is made from transparent green Acrylic
plastic and is 40mm deep. It would be shaped on the
vacuum former, for this deep dish look and depth. The
open top lid is made from normal green, Acrylic plastic,
and has been formed by shaping it on the laser cutter,
the sanded down, to get rid of sharp and rough edges.
The bird bath is 40mm
deep and is made
from normal green
Acrylic plastic. The
shape will be achieved
by using vacuum
forming. Also the
transparent feature,
allows me to see if a
bird or two is inside
the bird, so I know
when to clean it out,
without harming them,
while they are inside.
The main material for the structure
is plywood and it is light weight
and cheap to buy. It will also be
used for making the curved open
top lid as well, by using steam
forming to achieve this shape.
The stainless steel rim on the bird hole and on the tope of
the bird box is to add a luxurious look and high standard
of quality. Many manufacturers use this metal rim detail
on their own products as well for a luxurious look as well.
The large bird bath will is made
from a darker shade of solid green
Acrylic plastic, and the shape
would easily be achieved on the
vacuum former, to get this curved
shape. Acrylic plastic is a very
good type of plastic to use
because, it looks great with a shiny
finish and is very durable, so it
should last long. The hatch door is
also made green acrylic plastic, but
it is light green and transparent. It
is cut out on the laser cutter, and
then it is polished and sanded
down.
The large piece of stainless steel, designed to look like a door, is
cut into a thin piece and shaped to look like a door. The hole is
drilled out and then thorough work is done to sand it down and
polish it for luxurious look. The window is also made from stainless
steel, but in very small strips of it, by cutting it to the shape desired
and then polished and sanded down.
The main material used
here is pine wood because
it is strong and relatively
cheap to buy, if not as
cheap to buy as plywood. It
would also look great when
coated in Danish oil. It is a
soft wood, so it can be cut
and shaped very easily.

16. The open top lid, is made from transparent green
Acrylic plastic, so you can see inside, if there are
birds inside, so you can clean it when birds are not
The stainless steel
inside of it. It also has a pleasing appearance,
rim on the bird
when sanded down and polished. It would be cut
hole, is cut to the
on the laser cutter and then smoothened down.
desired shape and
The main material used is plywood and pine
then sanded and
wood for the flat surfaced pieces of wood. The
polished until ultra
curved top piece is plywood, because it can be
smooth and shiny.
shaped and bent by using steam forming to
This adds a lot to
achieve this easily. The advantages of using
the high quality and
pine and ply wood, is that they are light weight
luxury look as well.
and cheap to buy as well. They both have nice
and shiny finish as well, when coated in Danish
oil.
The two bird baths are
made from stainless
steel and are glued inbetween laser cut solid
The bird stand is made out of
green Acrylic plastic,
high quality stainless
by hot gluing them on.
stee,because it is very strong
Before that though,
and it doesn`t corrode, in rain
they are sanded down
and oxygen in the air. It would
and polished to
be cut out into shape, then
perfection.
thoroughly sanded and
polished.
The shape is inspired by the shape of
a coffin / fish combined. The main
material used is plywood and the
curved shape can easily be done by
using steam forming to achieve this.
The pieces of wood on the front back
and sides are cut clean to the perfect
shape and then they are sanded down
thoroughly, for high quality, smooth
finish as well.
The two are formed on the vacuum
former and are made from texture solid
green Acrylic plastic. One of them is
hinged and held upwards by a plastic tag,
and it drops down until the flat side hits
the bird house.
ns on the sides are vacuum
The bottom piece or wood and
solid green Acrylic plastic is done
on the vacuum former and the
wood is steam formed to the
desired shape needed. They are
attached by using a hot glue gun.
The feet on the bottom are vacuum
formed into shape on the vacuum
former. They are made out of
Transparent green Acrylic plastic.
This shape is
inspired by a radio.
The bird hole is
made from textured
green Acrylic
plastic, and is
shaped on the
laser cutter, and
then sanded down
to a smooth finish.
The main structure is
wood, because the
curved back piece could
be easily shaped into
that curve needed, by
using steam forming.
The front piece would be
cut on the laser cutter,
and the sanded down
thoroughly for a smooth
finish. The other pieces
would be done by hand,
and then sanded down
to the same standard as
the back and front piece.
The fake speaker is made transparent, green Acrylic plastic, and it is
shaped on the vacuum former, and then sanded down to shiny and
smooth shape. Then it is plated with stainless steel cross rims, that
have been chipped off a larger piece of stainless steel and then
sanded down to a shiny and high quality finish.
The bird bath is the fake radio dial in the middle, and it formed by
using the vacuum former and then it is sanded down to a perfect
smooth shape and feel. The depth of the bird bath 40mm. The
fixed, fake controls are made from textured green Acrylic plastic,
and shaped on the vacuum former and they are then sanded
down to a perfect feel of quality, even though they do nothing at
all.
The main structure is
made from plywood
because it is light
weight, and strong, as
well as flexible when
steamed. It is also
rather cheap to buy,
so it would keep the
cost down if it did go
on sale. The curved
top can easily be
formed by using steam
forming and then
sanded down to a
smooth and high
quality shape.

17. The bird hole is made out of solid, light
blue Acrylic plastic, and it would be
shaped on the laser cutter and then
sanded and polished to a fantastic and
high quality finish.
The main material used is plywood because
plywood is light weight and flexible, so the
curved shape could be easily achieved by
using steam forming in the design. To joint the
pieces tightly, teeth joints would be used in
this area. Before joining them together, I would
sand them down and polish them for high
quality finish.
The material that is most used here is plywood
because of it light weight and cheap prices.
However, because this bird house is essentially
a sphere, it needs to be made out of a wood
that is flexible, and plywood is. That is why it is
needed in this design. Plywood can easily be
shaped and curved, by using steam forming.
The bird bath is made from textured,
solid red Acrylic plastic, which is
30mm deep and would be shaped by
using the vacuum former. Then it
would be attached on to the bird
house by using stainless steel
hinges, so they don`t corrode over a
long period of time.
The stainless steel rim around the bird hole, would
add to a high quality and luxurious finish. It would
be cut out and then sanded down, as well as
polished, to get out its fantastic and shiny finish.
Also stainless steel doesn`t corrode, so it would
look great all the time.
The hatch on the right hand
side, is made from
transparent, orange Acrylic
plastic, which has been heated
up, intensely, to get the curved
shape, and it has been cut
clean by using a laser cutter.
Then before attaching it on
with stainless steel hinges, it
would have been sanded
down and polished.
The noticeable stand on the bottom, is made
from textured, light blue Acrylic plastic. To
achieve this shape, it would be vacuum formed
into the desired shape. Then it would be sanded
and polished thoroughly, so it looks its best.
This is the design I am going to craft my self, for my project, out of a choice of 10. I have chosen to do this
design because, it makes good use of the three different materials that I have aimed to use in this project,
and it is perfect size and shape for only small birds to use, which was one of my targets that I had focused
on. It uses the stainless steel for high quality look and feel.
The plywood is used to give it light weight, the ability to bend panels, which what has been done for the lid
of the bird house . It uses Acrylic plastic for the 30mm deep bird bath, which is very aesthetically pleasing,
strong and it looks great when sanded down and polished. The transparent colours also look very
interesting and stylish as well.

20. These are the three design that I have done on Google sketch up. I have focused on these three
designs because I am most fond of these three overall. I have chosen to do the hexagon shaped bird
house because it is large enough for small, domestic birds, and not large ones. I really like the design
and shape of it as well, and the use of Stainless steel, transparent green Acrylic plastic and flexible
plywood is great for my overall usage in my project. The curved open top lid is very aesthetically
pleasing as well. Bird bath is a good size for small domestic birds as well, as it is only 300mm deep.
The transparent green colour is also very stylish and interesting to look at. The measurements are also
proportional enough for small birds as well, by being 500 mm wide, 400m in height and 250mm in
length. The other designs are a similar in size, however a feel that my design choice is perfect for a bird
and family to live in for a short period of time.
The second CAD/CAM design inspired me to make the hexagon shaped bird house in the first picture
on the left. The bird bath was originally going to be 50mm deep, however a thought that it would be too
deep for small birds and would not be suitable for them. There fore I had changed that to 30mm,
instead. The box like shape would also bring down my mark as well and the overall styling would not be
aesthetically pleasing. I had continued the curved open top lid because I liked the design of it overall
and a normal flat lid would also limit space in side for the birds as well. However I have raised up the
height of open top lid so there would be more room for the birds to move about and give them a more
airy feel of space. I have continued the stainless steel rim around the outside as well, so it would still
give it luxury and high quality look.
I would use the vacuum former to shape the bird bath properly and I will take precautions to make sure
the plastic doesn`t get creased during the moulding of it. Then araldite would be used to stick the bird
bath to the wooden structure.

21. This is my design that I am going to do for my project. It
takes some design elements for the first incarnation of
the design, but is has been effectively improved and the
measurements have been changed slightly as well. My
original design takes inspiration from a treasure chest, as
they are a good size and relatively stylish as well.
However after discussing this with my peers, I decided to
change it by pulling out the side walls, to make it a
hexagon instead, because marks go down if it resembles
the shape of a box. The open top lid is also slightly
higher, and this allows more room for the small, domestic
birds to use. The depth has been shortened because
small birds don`t need a depth of 50mm, instead I have
chosen the depth to be 30mm.

22. I have done changes to the design to show that it can be changed easily, so suit the consumer`s tastes. I
have done three different changes to the design to show that it can be easily changed, if needed to. A
variety of lids could be sold in the shops and customers could choose their own top if possible. This would
increase the target audience meaning customers might purchase extra pieces to change their product
regularly.
This shows changes in the design of the
project that I am doing, and the middle
design is my actual design that I am doing. I
had thought of different designs, of this
current, design as you can see on the sheet.
I had concluded that the design that was the
best overall, was the original design, in the
middle. I had changed the location of the bird
hole and bird stand, and changed the size of
the open top lid. As well as changing the
colour of the bird bath to a deep and dark
orange, however, I prefer the original design
elements.
I would purchase a bird feeder from a garden
centre or a DIY store like B&Q. Then I would
hook it on to the front of the bird house by
nailing it on securely.

23. I have made my card model to see how large or small it would be in real life, and to test out its function properly, before making the
real model. This will help me to understand what improvements I will need to make, and to how well or not it functions as a bird box.
CHANGES AFTER MODELLING
I have chosen to make a change to my design, by shortening the height by 30mm, because I found that my bird house is too deep for
small birds, to get in and out with ease. The card model looks too high up as well to be aesthetically pleasing, so a decrease in
height, will help the problem. The width is large enough, so that doesn`t need any changing or improving.
The size of the bird hole is a good size, only for small birds, as it is 30 mm in diameter. Originally, it was going to be 40mm, however,
I found this too large, because larger birds would over take the bird box, from other, smaller birds, so I reduced the size of the hole, to
only allow small birds to enter and exit. 40mm hole looked huge when I cut it out of card so the smaller hole is required.
The whole of the bird box was made by hand, and I have tested the open lid, that allows you to clean out the inside of the bird box,
and my hand fits in perfectly well. I’m not sure how to make the lid just yet as this is quite a complex design. However I will deal with
this problem when I start making. I will also add a perch on the front using dowel but I could not make this from card it was too
difficult. Additionally as you can see below, when placed on a nail on a tree, the birdhouse hung straight without moving to one side
so all weight is distributed evenly making it a successful design.

24. 250 mm
The front design will be designed using 2D design on
I am using the exploded view to explain how my project is going to be made, and what
the computer, because cutting out the hole, would be
you have to do, when it is mass produced for consumers to purchase from a garden
too complex and hard to do it yourself. The laser
centre.
cutter, would do all of the work needed to cut the
shape out perfectly.
The bird bath will be moulded from a flat sheet into a 30mm deep pool, by using
vacuum forming, then araldite will be used to securely fix it on to the wooden
structure. Before fixing it onto place, I will sanded it down and polish it.
PVA glue will not be enough to keep the wooden pieces stuck together for long, so
I will use finger joints, and to make it even stronger, because finger joints lock the
panel together, so they cannot move. I will use tacks, to tuck them together. This
will keep the structure holding together for much longer.
The bird stand will be drilled out using the laser cutter, so the job is not too
complex, and to save time as well. Then if the dowel, is too long, I will shorten it
by using the ban saw to shorten it. It must be straight on level, otherwise marks
will be deducted because of it. Then it will be sanded down, to give it a smooth
finish.
The most complex part of the design, is the curved open top lid, for which you can use to clean out the inside of the bird house. Although it looks complex, it
isn`t that difficult to achieve, because the wood I am going to use is flexible plywood, as it can be bent into the desired shape easily, by using steam forming.
Then the two side pieces are cut out by hand and then sanded down, the polished, at the end. Only PVA glue is needed to hold the top pieces together, as it
is only a small surface area. The rest of the wooden panels, apart from the front panel, will be hand cut and sanded down. Then all of the panels will be
coated in Danish oil, to protect it from harsh weather conditions.
Material
pieces
Why?
Plywood/flexible plywood.
2 front pieces 250x320mm. 4 side pieces
200x150mm. Base piece 220x200mm.1 piece for
the open top lid 250x110mm.2 pieces for the
sides of the open top lid 200x250mm
Because plywood is light durable, flexible when
steam formed and very cheap to buy.
HIPS
1 piece for the bird bath 110x200mm
Because its attractive to look at when polished
and its very durable; even when vacuum formed.
Stainless steel
2 pieces 20x200mm.
2 pieces 20x220x240mm
It looks great when polished, and it is very strong
and will not corrode.

25. Plywood
1 base piece
220x200mm
4 side panels
150x200mm
2 front and back
panels
250x320mm
Its light, durable
and cheap to buy. It
can also be bent,
using steam
forming.
HIPS
1 piece for bird bath
110x200mm
It`s light in weight,
durable and relatively
cheap to buy.

26. Start.
Cut out front and back
pieces of wood, and then
sand down. Cut out
joints.
1 hr
Check that the
two pieces are
the correct sizes.
Cut out the HIPS for
Check that its
of high
standard quality
and is well put
together.
YES the bid bath to the
correct size.
1hr
NO
YES
Add stainless steel
pieces and coat it in
Danish oil. 4 hrs
NO
NO
Make sure that
both pieces are
the same size as
each other.
Cut out the two side
panels fro the open top
lid.
1hr
Check that
the piece is
the correct
size.
Restart
YES
Assemble the project
with PVA, Araldite and
tacks.
1hr
Finish.
YES
YES
YES
Cut out four side panel
pieces, and then sand them
down, until smooth. Cut out
joints.
2hrs
NO
Check that the
piece is the
correct size,
that is needed.
NO
Vacuum form the piece
of HIPS 30mm deep, for
bird bath. 30min
Check that the
hole is correct
sizes and in
the correct
location.
NO
Check that the
four pieces are
the same size as
each other
YES
Cut out the top piece for
the lid, and steam form it
to its correct, arched
shape.
3hrs
Check that the
sizes are the
correct numbers.
YES
Drill out the 30mm
entering and exiting
hole with hole saw .
20min
No. Restart
front panel.

27. In this project, I had to use and show evidence of using CAD/CAM while I was making it. The lid was cut out on the router, because its
much faster and much more accurate, and that is why in mass production, machines like router and a laser cutter are used to make
processes faster and make exact copies of the first product. From Video game consoles, mp3 players, TVs and Automobiles. The
processes are fast, cheaper and extremely accurate, making complete exact copies in millions of units. I made sure the piece was securely
fitted to the machine and double sided taped to a scarp piece of MDF to save the router bed from being damaged. If I were making lots I
would do the same for all pieces.
As you can see I found this really simple once shown by staff. The router was easy enough to set up and it asked me if I wanted to make
more products in quantity which I would have said yes to if I was mass producing the product. I really enjoyed using this machine and would
like to use it again.

28. This is a page on my evidence of my work on my project, through out small and progressive stages, up to full completion. For a high quality finish and feel,
small steps are needed to get to high quality levels. This shows all Quality Control, measures needed to make this birdhouse successfully in industry.
Earlier on in my project, I hadn`t taken any pictures during assemble, so I have no images of my first steps. The first step I did was drawing lines of the
shapes that I needed, to cut out, to become panels. I made sure that the measuring was accurate by taking my time on this first step as I cannot make a
mistake on the first level, because then the panels wouldn`t fit properly, and that would mean I would have to start again. Then the panels were cut out with a
jigsaw, which cut panels very quickly and accurately, and these can be used in mass production as well. Once all of the panels were cut out, I then started
chiselling out the joints on some of the panels. I had to chisel out the marks, because the joints only go halfway in (stopped finger joint), meaning a saw is
irrelevant. While chiselling out the marks, I had to clamp down each panel to a desk, so that I could chisel out the joints as evenly as possible. This took a
long time and if I had used a router for each individual piece this would have been much easier and less time consuming.
One I had finished chiselling out the joints, I then sanded down and smoothened very panel, before attaching each piece together, with tape to get an idea of
what it would look like when all of the panels are glued together. Once I taped them together, I then sanded down the whole product from the exterior.
Once I finished every panel, to size and
shape, I then tested the fixture of the
pieces to see if they fitted properly. I
found that they did fit rather well, but
some corners needed filler, and more
sanding done.
The bird house as first held together with
tape, to get an idea what it would look like
when put together in the end. I found out
that the bird house had some noticeable
gaps, at the edges, so had to use filler,
later on after the main structure had been
glued together.
Once the glue dried, this was the end result, after the
gluing. I then applied a little more sanding on some
corners and angles. I found that some of the glue had
squeezed out of the gaps, so I sanded them out to tidy the
corners up.
Before finally gluing it
together, I had to drill
out the hole so the
birds could get in and
out, otherwise, it would
be rendered useless
When the hole was drilled out, and the edges were
sanded down, the bird house was finally glued and held
together, with several clamps to support and tighten it
together and hold until the glue dried. To make sure that
no glue leaked out of the gapes, between each panel I
applied only enough glue to tightly hold it together. For
safety reasons, my project was taken away from spaces
of where it could be knocked over.
When the extra, sanding was done, I then applied the filler on
the corners on the outside, and on the inside as well. Without
the filler, it would not work very well at all.

29. After a lot of sanding and filling, I finally started to
apply my Danish oil finish in one coat, before waiting 6
hours, until the next day, applying another coat,
because just one coat isn`t enough, to keep the wood
protected and give the whole product a high quality
finish.
Before coating the bird I then coated the bird stand in
stand in Danish oil, I
Danish oil, so it would match with
applied Danish oil to the the bird houses colour correctly.
edge of the hole, that I
had forgotten about.
Another picture
of the hinge on
my bird house.
This is how I made my bird bath lid
so the bird bath could double as a
lid to get inside it and clean it.
The next day, after the first coat, I then applied the second and last coat
of Danish oil, to properly protect and solidify the quality of the wood and
feel of the product. Once the second coat was applied, I let it dry and
then coated the bird stand in Danish oil.
This is what the bird house looks
like when fully coated, with the bird
stand finally on it tightly.
This is 3D view of the lid, that I cut
out on the router.
Next, I finally screwed on the
hinge to hold the bird bath in
place. The job was really easy
and fast, and it has a very tight fit
as well.
These two pictures are of the lid
before cut into shape properly. Before
cutting out the shape, I changed the
drill blade to the correct, flat blade to
cut out the hole needed.

30. The router is starting to cut out the
shape here now. This is much faster
and more accurate than doing it by
hand.
Then I considered giving the
inside of the hole another
coat of Danish oil, so it
would match the outside.
Once the lid was finished, the
router asked me if I wanted to do
another copy, because CAD/CAM
machine asks for mass production.
Then I finally put the lid on the vacuum
former. To support it and mould the
bird bath properly, I found a spare
piece of plywood to put underneath lid.
Then a started the process of moulding
the bird bath into shape.
Then I screwed on a hook, to the back
of the bird house, so I could hang it on a
wall. Another piece goes with it, which
screws onto a wall, which is where the
bird house will be hung in use.
This is what the lid looks like
afterwards, when it was cut on the
router. The lid was produced faster
and was cut more accurate than by
hand.
This is what the bird bath looked like
when it was glued on to the lid. I noticed
it had some gaps around the edges of
the bath, so I had then used the laser
cutter to cut out a plastic rim, to put
around the top of the bath, to hide the
gaps.
This is my finished bird house project, with
everything attached. The hinge has been
successfully glued and screwed on. At first the lid
was not straight, so I knocked it into place, so no
rain can get inside of it.
Once I sanded down the lid, I gave it
a coat of Danish oil, so it would
match the bird house exterior.
These are more images of my
bird bath before and after I have
glued on the plastic rim, that
hides the gaps. I had to glue
another thin piece on top to hide
further gaps.
I also replaced the
dowel on the front,
which is a bird stand,
because the first one
split due to the pilot

32. I have now finished my bird house project and I think that it meets most, if not all of its specifications, like the age range of 25 and over, because it meets this audience
very well, because it looks practical, sensible and unfussy as well. Another factor that it successfully meets, is its priority of being light weight, because its made from
plywood and HIPS plastic, which is very light, but also decently strong as well. Another specification that it meets is that it is inspired by designs of a professional
designer, like Alessi. The shape of the bird house its self, has been designed to take inspiration from an Alessi designed stainless steel flask. However, it doesn`t meet
some criteria's like that the fact that in the specification, it must have been made from wood plastic and metal, but of course my product doesn`t consist of metal an
where, as I ran out of time to add stainless steel trim pieces. Another reason why is because metal take a long time to file shape and sand down as well.
The product itself was intended to be easy to use, so consumer could actually use it. So for that reason, I made sure that it was a simple operating design, and that it
as ergonomically friendly as well, because the better the ergonomics, the easier it will be to use. The design is very simple, with a straight forward operated lid, that just
opens manually and come with no lock of key, which is what I was going to use originally, on the lid. I left this idea it save time, and to be honest it wouldn`t have made
much difference to the lid, but apart from making it heavier and the pad lock would also knock on the wood, which over time would dent it and ruin it as well, so I left
this pointless idea. Secondly, I was also going to have two part on the top of the bird, house, with a fixed bird bath, and a separate lid, on the left hand side of the bird
bath. To have done, that the lid would to be made from flexible plywood, and then cut out two identical semi circle shaped pieces of wood, so the flexible plywood
would be tacked on. I abandoned this idea, because I was running out of time.
The product does function the way it was intended to as the bird bath doesn`t leak, and after important research, the entrance hole is large enough for just small birds,
as it is 25mm wide, which is perfect for Thrushes, Blue birds, and Chickadees. Another important function that it must have, is the ability to hang straight on a fence or
garden wall. To make sure it does hang properly, the hook, is right on the centre and it has four screws for great support. Another function it had to achieve was to only
be suitable for small domestic birds, like the Blue bird. The small hole helps with this because only small birds will fit through.
The design of the product is also important, just like its function, because an unattractive design is not going to get any one to buy it, as the looks is the first thing that
attracts you. So the design must be interesting, original and practical as well. The Alessi inspired flask, has shaped the side panels of the product, and that has
helped with its interesting and yet practical design. Consumers think the design looks good in quality because of the Danish oil coats, which gives it a smooth, shiny
and solid finish. This quality from the Danish oil has helped its attraction and style to persuade consumers to take notice of it and purchase a unit as well, if it was
going into mass production. The simple design is also a bonus, because busy and complex designs are not usually bought by the common casual buyer. The green
bird bath is also a positive area, because it is an outdoor based product, and woodland implies to outdoors, with crops, fresh and healthy leaves on trees and hedges
in rural areas, where you can do bird watching. The bird baths colour really does help its attraction as consumers think that it is the only suitable colour choice for the
plastic parts of this product, as the mix of a shiny and solid wooden grain, and a rich green coloured bird bath resembles, the two tone colour of healthy trees in
forests.

33. There are some features that are positive about this product, and some that are negative as well. A positive feature is the interesting and practical design that it has. The
hole is also a good feature, because the size of it is only large enough for small birds, so that does show concentration has been put on this product. Another good feature
that is has, is the shiny and attractive design of the bird bath as well. The Danish oil finish is also good for protection from harsh weather. However some features of this
product are not good because firstly, it was extremely difficult to make, because the plywood splits very easily, so I had to be very careful and fragile with the making of
this product. One of the side panels had to be redone, because one split. On a mass production line this problem wouldn`t and issue, because the sanding and cutting
would be to one setting, so no splitting would occur. Another bad point about it, is the fact that plywood get scratched easily when you sand it too hard.
There are some bad sides to this product, but I made sure that it would have many pluses because that would make it more satisfying to consumers. I made sure that is
would be light, affordable, interesting and practical. The shape makes it practical, by giving it lots of space. The plywood is light and cheap to buy as well, and it looks
great when coated in Danish oil which enhances the overall grain and appearance.
The environment is an important today, because we need to keep good care of it, because of what has been done in the past. To help the environment, the VOCS, from
the Danish oil is very low, and plywood is also recyclable, which is a bonus for limited materials, even though plywood is renewable every little helps. The HIPS plastic bird
bath is of course recyclable as well and the steel bracket also has the credit for being melted down and reformed, which means the whole product can be escorted to the
recycling bins at the skip and recycled into something new, after several years of good use in your own garden.
Mass production is a very important factor for any new product, as it must be made as cheaply, quickly and efficiently as possible, as because it has a simple design, it
could be easily built in a factory by a set of skilled robots, meaning production of hundreds of thousands in a week. The shape may look complex to make, but by a set of
robots, it wouldn`t be a problem, as they are more accurate and they don`t make mistakes, unlike a hand made version of this product like mine, as I had to be very
careful with the building of my Project.
If could change and improve my project in any way, it would to be more accurate with the gaps between the panels so I would have used less filler to fix the gaps, in the
corners. The bird hole entrance could have also been made on 2D design instead of spending a lot of time, doing the hole by hand, and then drilling it out with a hole drill.
I did a good job though but for this, I had to be very careful not to make a mistake. If I could have made a change, then that would have been to work faster, so I could
have got the lid done, as a I originally wanted, with a a curved lid on the left, and a fixed, smaller bird bath on the right, on the top of the product. Because I didn`t have
enough time though I had to think again, so I doubled the bird bath as a lid as well.
Overall I am very proud of my finished project, because I put a lot of time and effort into step by step assembling of my product. I really like my work on my Danish oil
finish as it is solid, smooth, protective and shiny as well. The styling is also a factor that I like as well, because it looks interesting, solid and practical as well. I like the end
result of the way it looks and just what I had done to get it built very well, and I think that It would be very suitable for mass production.

34. Name
Style
Function
Improvements
Michael Grace
Its very unique. All the feature
work well.
Add a nut
feeder.
Lee O'Neil
It’s a very
interesting
design choice.
It work with
ease.
Work faster to
add a nut
feeder.
Michael Kelly
It a very
interesting and
I like the finish
It works well.
Must add a nut
feeder, if you
had more time.
After gathering the views of my peers they think that I should have added a
nut feeder onto the design. I think if my product was to be sold in a garden
centre this could be an additional feature that customers could choose to
buy if they wanted to as not everyone would want a nut feeder. This would
be their choice.

35. The life cycle of any product is very important, because re-using materials
instead of throwing them in land fill, helps to look after the environment that we
live in, meaning we can recycle instead of using virgin materials all the time.
My bird house project is made from
plywood and HIPs plastic, and the
first step to making the product, is
to cut down trees for the wood that
is needed.
The HIPs plastic comes from its
origins of oil, and then it goes to
an oil refinery, where plastic is
produced as a left over product
after petrol and diesel.
The hinge, hook and screws are
made from stainless steel which
is dug up from the ground in
quarries. Then the raw metal is
taken to a pressing factory, and
then that sheet metal is taken to
a factory that makes hinges.
Almost every electric product can be recycled, although
some have to be recycled in different ways. An
example of this is an mp3 player or game console.
Then the product is
assembled in a
factory.
Then the product is
bought buy a
consumer and then
used until it breaks,
after at least 3 to 4
years.