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5-Separating Mixtures.pptx
- 2. Explain methods of separating mixtures LEARNING OUTCOMES
- 3. INTEGRATION OF FAITH AND LEARNING
- 4. ESSENTIAL QUESTION Which jobs do you think make use of separation techniques, whether on a basic or more advanced level?
- 5. The choice of separation method depends on the physical properties of its components: PROPERTY - METHOD OF SEPARATION Particle size - Filtration, sieving, hand-size picking Boiling point Distillation - significantly different boiling points. Fractional distillation - similar boiling points, but not identical Solubility – Chromatography Density – Decanting, Separating funnel, Centrifuge, Sedimentation Volatility - Evaporation OVERVIEW
- 6. PARTICLE SIZE METHOD Filtration Filtration is the process of separating suspended particles from the fluid through a porous material in which the fluid can pass while the suspended particles are retained. It refers to the process of segregating solids from the fluid (liquid or a gas) by passing it through a filtering device.
- 7. PARTICLE SIZE METHOD Sieving Sieving is a separation technique based on the difference in particle size. The sieve is responsible for retaining the larger particles.
- 8. PARTICLE SIZE METHOD Hand-picking Hand-picking is the separation method in which components of a mixture can be separated by just picking them out by hands.
- 9. BOILING POINT METHOD Evaporation Evaporation is the process by which an element or compound transitions from its liquid state to its gaseous state below the temperature at which it boils.
- 10. BOILING POINT METHOD Distillation Distillation is the process involving the conversion of a liquid into vapour that is subsequently condensed back to liquid form.
- 11. FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION METHOD Fractional Distillation Fractional Distillation is the separation of a mixture into its component parts, or fractions. Chemical compounds are separated by heating them to a temperature at which one or more fractions of the mixture will vaporize.
- 12. SOLUBILITY METHOD Chromatography Chromatography is a process in which a mixture, carry through a medium by a liquid or gas, is separated into its components, because they move through the medium at different rates.
- 13. DENSITY METHOD Decanting Decanting or Decantation is the process of allowing a mixture of solid and liquid or two immiscible liquids to settle and separate by gravity. This process can be slow and tedious without the aid of a centrifuge. Once the mixture components have separated, the lighter liquid is poured off leaving the heavier liquid or solid behind.
- 14. DENSITY METHOD Separating Funnel Separating funnel which is a piece of laboratory equipment made of glass, is used to separate two liquids, for example, oil and water.
- 15. DENSITY METHOD HOMEWORK Give definitions and examples of the following: • Centrifuge • Sedimentation
- 16. VOLATILITY METHOD Evaporation The more volatile a liquid the lower its boiling point. A very volatile liquid evaporates at room temperature. Volatility methods make use of this property. Which would be similar to evaporation methods.