VLP that is virus like particle is one of the emerging medicine in the field of vaccines.It is interesting to see the facts about the progress and possibilities of the same.

1. Virus-Like Particles
Cancer-Vaccine Development

2. Outline
Introduction to Virus-like particles
Vaccines
VLP and immune response
Process
VLP production
Uses of Viral-like particle
Disadvantages
Summary
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3. Introduction
 Non-infectious capsid proteins; viral genome absent
 High-density displays of viral surface proteins
 3D nanostructures produced via biological amplification and growth
 Self assembly: natural/synthetic
 Bind and enter cells via respective receptors
 Attraction of macrophages for the destruction of cancer cells
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4. Vaccines
Components
 Antigens
 Stabilizers
 Adjuvants
 Antibiotics
 Preservatives
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Considerations : potential patients, immune system response etc.
Types
 Live- attenuated
 Inactivated
 Subunit
 Recombinant
 Polysaccharide
 Conjugate
 Toxoid vaccines

5. VLP
&
Immune
response
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6. Process
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Courtesy TN1246EN00.pdf

7. Approaches
to
VLP
Production
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8. Use of Viral-like particle
 Highly adaptable tools
 Safer compared to conventional
vaccines
 Polyvalent structure
 Accommodate multiple copies of
antigens
 Tissue specific target
 High-density B and T-cell epitopes
 Single inoculation
 Possibility for scale up production
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Courtesy from Şeyma Şereflioğlu et al (2017)

9. Disadvantages
 High Cost (Developing Countries)
 Absence of relevant preclinical animal models
 Pre-existing immunity in immunized individuals
 Carrier-Induced Epitope-Specific Suppression (CIESS)
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10. Summary
 VLP: non infectious proteins with the potential to destroy cancer cells
 Highly adaptable and safer in comparison to conventional vaccines
 VLP production may be via genetic alteration, chemical conjugation
and protein transfer
 The regulatory aspect for VLP production is the same as any other
vaccine production
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11. References
 Xiao Zhang et al (2015) Lessons learned from successful human vaccines: Delineating key
epitopes by dissecting the capsid proteins. Hum Vaccin Immunother.11(5): 1277–1292.
 Hui Kian Ong et al (2017) Virus like particles as a platform for cancer vaccine
development. PeerJ 5:e4053.
 Şeyma Şereflioğlu et al (2017) Targeted drug delivery and vaccinology approaches using
virus-like particles for cancer. Istanbul J Pharm 47 (3): 112-119.
 Maurizio Federico (2010) Virus-like particles show promise as candidates for new vaccine
strategies. Future Virol.5(4), 371–374.
 Arianna Palladini et al (2017) Virus-like particle display of HER2 induces potent anti-
cancer responses. Incoimmunology Vol 7, No. 3: e1408749.
 Makutiro Ghislain Masavuli et al (2017) Preclinical Development and Production of Virus-
Like Particles As Vaccine Candidates for Hepatitis C. Front. Microbiol. 8:2413.
 Akanr Urakami et al (2017) Development of a Novel Virus-Like Particle Vaccine Platform
That Mimics the Immature Form of Alphavirus. Clinical and Vaccine Immunology. Volume
24 Issue 7 e00090-17.
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12. References
 https://www.pharmaceuticaltechnology.com/comment/adaptvac-emergence-virus-like-
particle-vaccines-breast-cancer
 Courtesy http://grantome.com/grant/NIH/F31-CA165632-03
 Courtesy https://www.creative-biolabs.com/virus-like-particles-vlps-for-vaccine-
development.html
 Courtesy https://www.marketwatch.com/press-release/231-growth-for-peptide-
cancer-vaccine-market-size-is-expected-to-exhibit-usd-780-million-by-2024-2019-04-09
 https://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/4591292/global-cancer-vaccines-
market-segmented-by
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