Deforestation is the process of converting forested land to non-forested land for other uses like pastures, farmland, and urban areas. Deforestation occurs due to logging, fires, storms, flooding, acid rain, and changes to hydrological systems. Effects of deforestation include loss of biodiversity, increased greenhouse gases, reduced timber resources, and increased landslides. Deforestation in Ukraine began in the 18th century due to resource needs and by the early 20th century, Ukraine had lost 30.5% of its forests, especially in the Carpathian Mountains. Currently, about 14 million hectares of forests are destroyed globally each year. Efforts to address deforestation include banning

1. Presentation prepared student
11-A Yevmentsev Dmitry

2.  Deforestation
- the process of converting forested
land in occupied land without trees such as pastures,
vacant lots, farmland, cities and more.

3.  Reasons deforestation:
 deforestation
without sufficient landing new trees
 fire
 hurricanes
 flood
 acid
rain
 change in the hydrological regime
 reduced resistance to phyto disease
 other

4.  The
effects of deforestation:
 loss of biodiversity
 enhancement of the greenhouse
 effect depletion of timber
 landslide

5.  Active
deforestation in Ukraine began in the 30s of
the XVIII century, due to the resource needs of the
military, construction, and production in the Russian
Empire.

6.  According
to the
archives of the Central
State Military Archives
of the USSR at this
time every year only on
the gums floated up to
200 thousand logs of
wood. In Western
Ukraine at that time cut
down the forest Izyaslav
and Volyn provinces.

7.  During
the XIX and
early XX centuries
forest-Ukraine has
decreased by 30.5%.
Particularly intensive
operation took place
forest ecosystems in
the postwar years.
Thus, due to the mass
of solid Ruban
destroyed threequarters of woodland
on the slopes of the
Carpathians.

8.  During
the period of 1946-1970 years in the Ukrainian
Carpathians cut down more than 120 million m3 of
high quality industrial wood and cutting the main use
exceeded the calculated allowable cut in 2,5-4,0 times.
Since 1960, the area of ​forests in Ukraine is gradually
increased by planting forests in areas malolisystyh
south.

9.  Earlier
forest cover area in the world was 80 million
km ², it is now reduced to 30 million km ², is destroyed
by two-thirds. Over the past 200 years, forest area
decreased at least 2 times.

10.  Only
for 15 years (1990-2005 pp.) Lost planet more
than 125 million hectares of forest, is about 8 million
hectares lost annually. At present, the Earth is
destroyed 14 million hectares. forest each year. Of
these, 130 000 km ² (0,8 - 2%) of tropical forests, which
are the "lungs" of the planet. Historic logging is 5
billion m ³.

11.  The
annual volume of timber harvesting in the world
greater than the annual increase of 20-24%. With
80% of the wood logs get low-quality wood and only
20% of the area - industrial wood quality.

12.  The
largest area of forest preserved in Eurasia. This is
about 40% of the world's forests and almost 42% of the
wood stock, including 2/3 of the volume of wood most
precious species. Least forest cover is Australia.

13. 
In most developing countries, cutting is performed by the
use of wood as fuel, as forests are destroyed to obtain arable
land. Reduced and degraded by atmospheric pollution and
forest soils in developed countries. There is a massive
shrinkage of the treetops, resulting acid rain damage.

14.  Scientists
found that after logging infiltration
properties of the soil are reduced by 3.5 times, and
the intensity of water erosion is increased by 15 times

15.  This
situation could not
go unnoticed. The most
advanced and at the
same time treeless
country are conducting
in the life of the
program for the
conservation and
expansion of forests.
For example, in Japan
and Australia as well
as in some Western
European countries, the
area under forests
remain stable.

16.  Methods
of dealing with
deforestation areas are
banning logging, unions
play assistance to poor
countries in the fertility
of their lands, the
development of fertilizer
industry, food aid.

17. Take care forest!!!