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Maintenance of breeding records for laboratory animals
1. SUBMITED TO:
Dr. Y.G. PATEL
Assistant professor,
LPM department,
Veterinary college,
Anand SUBMITED BY:
•HARDIK PATEL
•DHRUPAL PATEL
•PREET PATEL
2. WHAT ARE RECORDS?
• Records are set of information.
• Recording system is the form and process of
Capturing
data
Processing Interpretation
Decision
making
• Records are worthless, unless they are used in
decision making
3. THE PURPOSE OF BREEDING RECORD
The purpose of breeding colony is to
supply research animals, it depends upon the
demand. There will normally ‘feedback’
control which will suggest that the size of the
colony should be increased if demand
appears and decreased if surplus animals are
being produced
Record maintenance
4. Good records are essential in controlling the
production process. They are mainly kept for
two distinct purposes.
To gather information of scientific importance,
including pedigree and performance records
of individuals or group of animals
To monitor and control the production
process.
5. HOW CAN WE KEEPING
BREEDING RECORD?
•First of all we go for identification of animals.
•The first essential for a record-keeping system
is a source of sequence number which may be a
continuous series.
•Some method of identification used in breeding
record
6. PEDIGREE CARD
•A pedigree card is designed to suit the need
of the investigator and the type of colony
under study.
•One side of the card may be used for all
information about breeding performance of
the female and the reverse side of the card
may be used for auxiliary data.
•The reverse side of the card is used for
comments on gross autopsy findings.
7. •It is efficient to have a headings on the front of
the pedigree card on the ledger page read
across the card and page in the same order to
minimize the chance for error when one makes
out card.
•Space is provided for data of mating ,
identification number of male ,kind of male,
and date when he is removed from the pen.
•The mating date is important to make sure
that the litter is the product of the pair in the
pen and not a father-daughter mating or litter
from a previous male.
8. SPACE IS ALSO PROVIDED FOR THE
FOLLOWING
•Date of birth
•Date of death
•Strain or stock
•Phenotype or genotype, generation
•Individual identification number
•Location (pen or experiment)
•Date of birth of each litter
•Number born
•Number and sex of animal weaned and their
disposition
9. •In some systems two cards are used, a mating card
and a litter card. In this example the use of the
ledger is omitted and the identification of animals
evolves from the litter cards.
•When inbred strains are being maintained
(always brother-sister mating), it is unnecessary
to provide an individual card for the male since
all data for the female are applicable to the male
and neither will be mated again. In breeding
experiments it is advisable to have a pedigree
card for each mate so that each may be moved
from pen to pen, as required, without confusion
or loss of information.
10. CAGE TAG
Two types of cage tags
1. those providing only location.
2. those providing not only the location but also
information such as the identification numbers
of the animals in the pen, or number of animal
in the pen, and any other information desired.
11. •In large breeding colonies it has proved efficient
to have the cage tag or card serve as the pedigree
card and thus eject one record-keeping step. In
this case the basic information desired on the
pedigree card is placed on the cage card.
•When it is necessary to have several strains of
similar phenotype (e.g., several albino strains) in
one room, cage cards of different colours and
with different patterns on the top border of the
card provide an extra measure of security against
mix-ups.
12. •Several systems for maintenance of card files
have been used.
•If all the pedigree cards in one file pertain to
one strain, they may be filed in sequence
according to pen number, dam or sire number,
or parental birth date.
•A birth date file is especially useful when large
numbers of pairs must be replaced at regular
intervals.
13. •When the colony is small and there is a variety
of strains, stocks, or experimental animals, it is
more efficient to use file guide cards which
correspond to cage numbers.
•In some colonies it is useful to divide the cards
into three groups, each group marked by an
appropriate guide card labelled mated,
pregnant, and litters.
•This system provides a continuous check on
the status of the colony.
14. PEDIGREE CHART
•Pedigree charts are necessary in maintaining
inbred strains.
•They must be used to insure that a strain is
propagated through a single pair in each
generation and that sub lines are prevented
from developing and coexisting for many
generations.
•The charts may contain any additional
information desired for selection of the main
line such as tumour occurrence, litter size,
number of litters, and time between generation.
15. •These charts need only contain the female
number and should be kept current with the
mating in the pens.
•Pedigree charts are also useful in determining
relationships of deviants that may arise in a
colony, learning about their inheritance, and
eliminating carriers of mutations from the
colony.
16. ADVANTAGES
•Output in terms of young weaned per breeding
female per week.
•Output per unit area of animal room per week
•Percentage of useable production not issued
(percentage of waste).
•Trends in production, issues, percentage
wastage and other factor listed.
17. • Selection is based not only on phenotype but
also on genotype making it an effective
method for selecting superior lines from
among segregating.
• Using the records, the breeder is able to
advance only the progeny lines in which
animals that carry the genes for the target
traits occur.
18. DISADVANTAGES
• Record keeping is slow, tedious, time
consuming, and expensive.
• Pedigree selection is a long procedure,
requiring about 1-2 years or more to
complete, if only one growing season is
possible.
