Organ-on-chip
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Organ-on-a-chip technology provides a novel in vitro platform with a possibility of reproducing physiological functions of in vivo tissue, more accurately than conventional cell-based model systems. Many newly arising diseases result from complex interaction between multiple organs.
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Organ-on-chip
- 2. Jens Martensson 2 content • Introduction • Organ-on-chip • Engineering organ-on-chip • Instrumentation • software app • Conclusion • References
- 3. Jens Martensson 3 Introduction • Before you ever took a drug, doctors could predict which drug would work best for you, because they already had information on how organs in your body were likely to respond, this is possible with clinical trial. • Cost to develop and approve a new drug >$2.5 billion • Drug development is an expensive and lengthy process. The average drug development time is 12 years
- 5. Jens Martensson Organ-on-chip • organ-on-a-chip (OOC) is a multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture chip that simulates the activities, mechanics and physiological response of entire organs and organ systems, a type of artificial organ. • The organ-chips are designed to accurately recreate the natural physiology and mechanical forces that cells experience in the human body. • The chips are lined with living human cells and their tiny fluidic channels reproduce blood and/or air flow just as in the human body. 1 2 3 4 5 6 5 Types of organ –on –chip 1. Brain-on-a-chip 2. Lung-on-a-chip 3. Heart-on-a-chip 4. Kidney-on-a-chip 5. Nephron-on-a-chip 6. Vessel-on-a-chip 7. Skin-on-a-chip 8. Human-on-a-chip
- 6. Jens Martensson Types of organ-on-chip Data A Data B Data C 6
- 7. Jens Martensson Engineering organ-on-chip • Each Organ Chip is composed of a clear flexible, translucent polymer about the size of millimeter in diameter that contains hollow microfluidic channels lined with living human organ-specific cells, run in complex patterns within the chip. • When nutrients, blood and test-compounds such as experimental drugs are pumped through the tubes, the cells replicate some of the key functions of a living organ. 7
- 8. Jens Martensson Instrumentation 8 • The organ-chips are placed into a research system similar to a computer. The instrument is designed to recreate the human body’s living environment – including blood flow and breathing motions. • Scientists can use the modular instruments to introduce medicines, chemicals, and other toxins to the chip’s environment to test the organ’s response and behavior.
- 9. Jens Martensson software app 9 • During this process, scientists can extract data that can be collected and analyzed with the help of modern software, such as an app you would download on a tablet. • The software offers the ability to configure cell architecture, tissue-to- tissue interfaces, mechanical forces and the biochemical surroundings.
- 10. Jens Martensson 10 ConclusionConclusion • The use of an organ on a chip model in the drug development process can be beneficial in either the basic research stage or the preclinical stage • This could change the drug development process by replacement of the animals models
- 11. Jens Martensson 11 ConclusionConclusion • The use of an organ on a chip model in the drug development process can be beneficial in either the basic research stage or the preclinical stage • This could change the drug development process by replacement of the animals models References 1. Scannell, J. W., Blanckley, A., Boldon, H. & Warrington, B. Diagnosing the decline in pharmaceutical R&D efficiency. Nature Rev. Drug Discov. 11, 191–200 (2012). 2. https://www.fda.gov/food/science-research-food/cfsans-work- organ-chip-technology 3. https://www.fda.gov/media/104288/download 4. https://www.wikipedia.org/
- 12. Jens Martensson ThankYou-Devesh shirsth -Sayali katkade deveshshirsath@gmail.com