2. Passive Voice
Passive voice adalah suatu kalimat dimana
subject dikenai tindakan/pekerjaan/ perbuatan.
Secara umum kalimat passive dalam bahasa
inggris di bentuk oleh ‘to be’ yang diikuti past
participle, kata kerja bentuk ketiga(verb-3).
Bentuk ‘to be’ menyesuaikan dengan pola
kalimat yang dimasuki
3. Pola :
to be + Verb 3 (past pariciple)
is/am/are (present)
was/were (past)
be (setelah ‘to’ dan ‘modal’)
being (setelah preposisi dan pola ‘gerund’)
been (setelah have/has/had) been
4. Perubahan active menjadi passive
Active : Subject + Verb + Object
Passive : Subject + to be + Verb 3 + (by + object)
Next
Example
5. Present :
Active : I + eat + popcorn
Passive : popcorn + is + eaten + (by me)
Past :
Active : I + ate + popcorn
Passive : popcorn + was + eaten + ( by me)
6. With ‘modal’ :
Active : I + will ate + popcorn
Passive : popcorn + will be + eaten + (by me)
With ‘to’ :
Active : I + need to ate + popcorn
Passive : popcorn + needs to be + eaten + (by me)
7. With ‘have/has/had’ :
Active : I + have eaten + popcorn
Passive : popcorn + has been + eaten + (by me)
With ‘cotinous form’ :
Active : I + am + eating + popcorn
Passive : popcorn + is + being + eaten + (by me)
8. Perubahan dari kalimat aktif menjadi pasif tidak mengubah tense yang
digunakan kalimat tersebut; dengan kata lain, tense kalimat pasif akan
mengikuti pola pada kalimat aktifnya.
Terdapat beberapa hal yang harus diindahkan dalam mengubah pola aktif ke
dalam pasif, antara lain :
Subject pada kalimat pasif berasal dari object pada kalimat aktif.
‘....ing’ dalam kalimat aktif menjadi ‘being’ dalam bentuk pasifnya.
Tense pada kalimat pasif mengikuti bentuk kalimat aktifnya.
Verb 3 pada kalimat pasif dibentuk dari verb pada kalimat aktifnya.
Hanya kalimat transitif-kalimat yang mengandung object-yang bisa
dirubah kedalam bentuk pasif dan atau kalimat pasif hanya barlakau bagi
kata kerja transitif.
Kalimat pasif digunakan tatkala ingin menonjolkan hasil tindakan
daripada pelaku tindakan tersebut.
9. Pola untuk mengubah active kedalam passive :
Tenses Active Passive
Simpel present tense
S + V1 + O
Ratu writes a letter
S + is/am/are + V3
A letter is written by Ratu
Present continuous tense
S + to be + Ving + O
Ratu is writing a letter
S + to be + being + V3
A letter is being written by Ratu
Simple past tense
S + V2 + O
Ratu wrote a letter
S + was/were + V3
A letter was written by Ratu
Present perfect tense
S + have/has + V3 + O
Ratu has written a letter
S + have/has + been + V3
A letter has been written by Ratu
Simple future tense
S + will + V1 + O
Ratu will write a letter
S + will + be + V3
A letter will be written by Ratu
10. Amati proses perubahan kalimat
active menjadi passive berikut ini :
Simple present tense
Active : My mother cooks the meal everyday.
Passive : The meal is cooked by mother
everyday.
Present continuous tense
Active : My mother is cooking the meal
Passive : The meal is being cooked by mother
11. Simple past tense
Active : My mother cooked the meal yesterday.
Passive : The meal was cooked by mother
yesterday.
Present perfect tense
Active : My mother has cooked the meal.
Passive : The meal has been cooked by
mother.
12. Simple future tense
Active : My mother will cook the meal this
afternoon.
Passive : The meal will be cooked by mother
this afternoon.
